Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Disabling Foot Pain in Patients With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to determine whether vitamin D supplementation or maintaining sufficient vitamin D level reduces foot pain over 2 years in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: A post hoc study was conducted from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial named the Vitamin D Effect on Osteoarthritis (VIDEO) study. Symptomatic knee OA patients with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between 12.5 nmoles/liter and 60 nmoles/liter were included and randomly allocated to either monthly vitamin D3 or placebo treatment (1:1) for 2 years. Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) was used to evaluate foot pain and disabling foot pain was defined as at least 1 of the 10 functional limitation items (items 1-9 and 11) being documented as on "most/every day(s)" in the last month. A repeated-measures, mixed-effects model was used to analyze the change of MFPDI scores between groups adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: A total of 413 patients with a mean age of 63.2 years (49.7% males) were enrolled and 340 completed the study. The mean MFPDI score was 22.8 ± 7.3, with 23.7% of participants having disabling foot pain at baseline. There were significant differences in MFPDI scores change between groups over 2 years, with more improvements in the vitamin D group than in the placebo group (-0.03 versus 1.30; P = 0.013) and more improvement in those maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels (n = 226) than those who did not (n = 114) (-0.09 versus 2.19; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D supplementation and maintenance of sufficient vitamin D levels may improve foot pain in those with knee OA.

Balance training versus balance training and foot and ankle mobilization: a pilot randomized trial in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Balance limitations and foot and ankle problems are common in older adults. Objective: To determine the impact of augmented balance training with foot and ankle mobilizations (FAMs) on balance in older adults. Methods: Two-arm pilot randomized trial. Both groups underwent a 4-week conventional balance training. Additionally, the experimental group received four sessions of FAM. Balance measurement, as assessed by the Berg Balance Scale, was the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was the ankle range of movement (ROM). Outcomes were evaluated 1 day before and after intervention, and at 3 months' post-intervention (midterm). Results: Twenty-eight participants completed the study (14 control, 14 experimental). No between-group differences were observed in terms of balance. Similarly, both groups significantly improved the ankle ROM, but the effects persisted at 3 months only in the FAM group. Conclusion: Augmented balance training with FAM does not improve balance of older adults over conventional methods, but may help to correct ankle mobility limitations at midterm. As this was a pilot study, further studies with adequate sample size are warranted to validate our findings, and elucidate the dose-response relationship of FAM with improvement of balance and ROM in older adults.

Effect of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Hemiplegic Gait Patterns.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of gait training with rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) on both kinematic and temporospatial gait patterns in patients with hemiplegia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen hemiplegic patients diagnosed with either cerebral palsy or stroke participated in this study. All participants underwent the 4-week gait training with RAS. The treatment was performed for 30 minutes per each session, three sessions per week. RAS was provided with rhythmic beats using a chord progression on a keyboard. Kinematic and temporospatial data were collected and analyzed using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. RESULTS: Gait training with RAS significantly improved both proximal and distal joint kinematic patterns in hip adduction, knee flexion, and ankle plantar flexion, enhancing the gait deviation index (GDI) as well as ameliorating temporal asymmetry of the stance and swing phases in patients with hemiplegia. Stroke patients with previous walking experience demonstrated significant kinematic improvement in knee flexion in mid-swing and ankle dorsiflexion in terminal stance. Among stroke patients, subacute patients showed a significantly increased GDI score compared with chronic patients. In addition, household ambulators showed a significant effect on reducing anterior tilt of the pelvis with an enhanced GDI score, while community ambulators significantly increased knee flexion in mid-swing phase and ankle dorsiflexion in terminal stance phase. CONCLUSION: Gait training with RAS has beneficial effects on both kinematic and temporospatial patterns in patients with hemiplegia, providing not only clinical implications of locomotor rehabilitation with goal-oriented external feedback using RAS but also differential effects according to ambulatory function.

Effect of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Hemiplegic Gait Patterns

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of gait training with rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) on both kinematic and temporospatial gait patterns in patients with hemiplegia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen hemiplegic patients diagnosed with either cerebral palsy or stroke participated in this study. All participants underwent the 4-week gait training with RAS. The treatment was performed for 30 minutes per each session, three sessions per week. RAS was provided with rhythmic beats using a chord progression on a keyboard. Kinematic and temporospatial data were collected and analyzed using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. RESULTS: Gait training with RAS significantly improved both proximal and distal joint kinematic patterns in hip adduction, knee flexion, and ankle plantar flexion, enhancing the gait deviation index (GDI) as well as ameliorating temporal asymmetry of the stance and swing phases in patients with hemiplegia. Stroke patients with previous walking experience demonstrated significant kinematic improvement in knee flexion in mid-swing and ankle dorsiflexion in terminal stance. Among stroke patients, subacute patients showed a significantly increased GDI score compared with chronic patients. In addition, household ambulators showed a significant effect on reducing anterior tilt of the pelvis with an enhanced GDI score, while community ambulators significantly increased knee flexion in mid-swing phase and ankle dorsiflexion in terminal stance phase. CONCLUSION: Gait training with RAS has beneficial effects on both kinematic and temporospatial patterns in patients with hemiplegia, providing not only clinical implications of locomotor rehabilitation with goal-oriented external feedback using RAS but also differential effects according to ambulatory function.

Changes in gait patterns with rhythmic auditory stimulation in adults with cerebral palsy.

The objective is to evaluate the changes in gait patterns with rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Fourteen CP with bilateral spasticity participated in this study. A repeated-measures analysis of gait was performed in the presence and absence of RAS. Thirty healthy controls were also recruited. Each subject walked 10 m at their comfortable walking speed. Temporospatial data and kinematic parameters of gait were analyzed without RAS and with RAS. RAS was provided using a combination of a metronome beat set to the individual's cadence and rhythmic cueing from a live keyboard playing. Kinematic parameters, gait deviation index (GDI) as a measure of overall gait pathology, and asymmetry of temporospatial data were assessed. Gait analysis revealed that anterior tilt of pelvis and hip flexion during a gait cycle was significantly changed with RAS (p < 0.05), whereas there were no statistical differences in knee, ankle, and foot kinematic parameters. Additionally, the GDI exhibited a modest, but a statistically significant, improvement with RAS (p < 0.05). Based on ambulatory status, household ambulators showed that side-to-side asymmetry of step length as well as the GDI was significantly attenuated with RAS (p < 0.05). Walking with RAS resulted in kinematic changes of the pelvic and hip movement in spastic CP. Especially, the application of RAS immediately ameliorated overall gait pathology as well as temporospatial asymmetry in household ambulators. Therefore, RAS may be one of the therapeutic tools for gait training in adults with CP.

[Functional metabolic characteristics of sodium hyaluronate in mammal organism].

In the review data concerning functional metabolic characteristics of sodium hyaluronate in mammal organism, as well as autologous results concerning the study of its intraarticular action on metabolism of conjunctive tissue in the conditions of experimental arthritis in rabbits are given.

Conservative treatments for rheumatoid arthritis in the foot and ankle.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that attacks peripheral joints, causing their destruction. Several pharmacologic therapies and physical modalities are available for its treatment. Because of the progressive nature of RA, complementary and alternative medicine therapy in conjunction with conventional medicine is administered to patients with RA. This article discusses the presence of undiagnosed RA in the foot and ankle and reviews the concurrent nonoperative measures in treatment, including pharmacologic and physical modalities.