Asunto(s)
Autoanálisis/métodos , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas/métodos , Ácido Edético/química , Hematología/métodos , Óxido de Aluminio/química , Anticoagulantes/química , Autoanálisis/instrumentación , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas/instrumentación , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Hematología/instrumentación , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Manejo de Especímenes/métodos , Temperatura , TiempoRESUMEN
Introducción: Numerosos estudios han tratado de verificar la eficacia de una intervención educativa en pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 (DM1). Objetivos: Analizar los conocimientos previos a la intervención educativa sobre hábitos alimentarios y ejercicio físico, comprobar una posible mejora del nivel de estos conocimientos tras la intervención y verificar la adquisición de destrezas relacionadas con el autoanálisis y la autoinyección. Metodología: Se incluyeron 32 pacientes con DM1 de entre 4 y 14 años de Melilla. Mediante un cuestionario se analizaron los conocimientos sobre alimentación y ejercicio físico, y los hábitos sobre los mismos, mediante cuestionario KrecePlus. Se realizó una intervención educativa y se analizaron nuevamente dichos conocimientos, así como las destrezas adquiridas sobre autoanálisis y autoinyección con un nuevo cuestionario. Resultados: En relación a los conocimientos sobre dieta y ejercicio físico, se alcanzó una mejora significativa (p<0,0001) tras la intervención. Igualmente, los resultados mostraron una mejora en los hábitos de alimentación y ejercicio físico. El estudio de destrezas sobre autoanálisis y autoinyección reveló que los sujetos eran independientes en los procesos de autoanálisis de glucemia y autoinyección de insulina tras la intervención. Conclusión: Una intervención educativa llevada a cabo por enfermeras especializadas constituye un procedimiento efectivo para mejorar y aumentar los conocimientos de pacientes con DM1 sobre alimentación, ejercicio físico y sobre la propia enfermedad, así como un incentivo para adquirir hábitos saludables respecto a alimentación y ejercicio físico (AU)
Introduction: Large researches have tried to verify the efficiency of the educational intervention in patients suffering from type 1 diabetes (T1D). Objectives: Analyzing the initial knowledge about diet habits and physical exercise, confirming a possible improvement of the level of this knowledge after the educational intervention and verifying the acquisition of skills related to self-analysis and self-injection. Methodology: 32 subjects with T1D, from 4 to 14 years old in Melilla were included. The knowledge about diet and physical exercise were analyzed using a questionnaire. Diet habits were evaluated using the KrecePlus questionnaire. An educational intervention was offered and that knowledge was analysed again, as well as the skills acquired about self-analysis and self-injection with a new questionnaire. Results: After the intervention, the knowledge about diet and physical exercise significantly improved (p <0,0001). The results also showed an improvement in diet habits and physical exercise. The study of self-analysis and self-injection skills evidenced that the subjects were independent in the processes of blood glucose self-analysis and insulin self-injection. Conclusion: An educational intervention developed by a nurse is an effective procedure to improve and increase the knowledge about diet, physical exercise and about the disease in diabetic type 1 diabetic, as well as an incentive to acquire healthy habits about diet and physical exercise (AU)
Asunto(s)
Niño , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Educación en Salud/métodos , Atención de Enfermería/métodos , Autocuidado/métodos , Evaluación de Eficacia-Efectividad de Intervenciones , Autoanálisis/métodos , Autoadministración/métodos , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Terapia Nutricional/métodosRESUMEN
Two important parameters for determination of deleterious effects of cellular processing on hematopoietic progenitor cells are cell viability and concentration. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital evaluated the Beckman Coulter Vi-Cell automated instrument for the measurement of these two parameters. Using 33 thawed hematopoietic progenitor cell samples, automated Vi-Cell viability results were compared to those obtained using the standard trypan blue manual method. In addition, cell concentrations from these samples were compared with results from the Model Z2 Coulter Counter. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells were used for the evaluation of Vi-Cell linearity at the Beckman Coulter Cellular Analysis Development Center. Significant correlation was obtained when the two methods were compared for both cell concentration and percentage viability (P < .0001). The results of the linearity study indicated that the Vi-Cell is linear from approximately 5 x 10(4) to greater than 1 x 10(7) cells/mL. The Vi-Cell uses sample volumes as low as 0.5 mL; cell diameters may be 2 to 70 microns. The Vi-Cell automated instrument offers many significant advantages for cell analyses in today's busy laboratory environment.
Asunto(s)
Recuento de Células/instrumentación , Supervivencia Celular , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Animales , Autoanálisis/instrumentación , Autoanálisis/métodos , Células COS , Recuento de Células/métodos , Cricetinae , Criopreservación , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
A fully automated on-line reversed phase liquid chromatography-gas chromatography system is described. The system uses a prototype of the automated through oven transfer adsorption desorption interface. The system is demonstrated by presenting a new rapid method for the determination of pesticide residue in olive oil, which is injected directly with no sample pretreatment step other than filtration. Methanol:water is used as the eluent in the LC preseparation step, while the LC fraction containing the pesticide is automatically transferred to the gas chromatograph. Detection limits of pesticides varied from 0.18 to 0.44 mg/L when a flame ionization detector was used. As an example, relative standard deviation and linear calibration are presented for terbutryne.
Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Gases/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Residuos de Plaguicidas/análisis , Aceites de Plantas/química , Autoanálisis/instrumentación , Autoanálisis/métodos , Cromatografía de Gases/instrumentación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/instrumentación , Computadores , Aceite de Oliva , Triazinas/análisisAsunto(s)
Autoanálisis/métodos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/instrumentación , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Microbiología del Suelo , Solventes , Stachybotrys/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo , VolumetríaRESUMEN
Papain, bromelin and ficin can be standardized by the casein method for use in red blood cell antibody screening tests. The minimal and optimal enzyme activity for detecting blood group antibodies in donors, using the new Automated Pre-Transfusion Blood Testing System Olympus PK7200 by the two-stage method for all three enzymes, is one casein unit. One casein unit of proteinase activity changed the red blood cell surface charge to a low plateau value as measured by electrophoretic mobility and sialic acid content, and removed sterically inhibiting structures of surface protein as detected by SDS-PAGE.
Asunto(s)
Donantes de Sangre , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos/inmunología , Bromelaínas/normas , Ficaína/normas , Isoanticuerpos/sangre , Papaína/normas , Autoanálisis/métodos , Bromelaínas/metabolismo , Caseínas/metabolismo , Electroquímica , Membrana Eritrocítica/química , Membrana Eritrocítica/inmunología , Membrana Eritrocítica/metabolismo , Ficaína/metabolismo , Hemaglutinación , Humanos , Ácido N-Acetilneuramínico , Papaína/metabolismo , Ácidos Siálicos/sangreRESUMEN
The abundant hydrophobic, proline-glutamine, and histidine-rich (over 90%) amelogenins constitute the major class of proteins in forming extracellular enamel matrix. These are thought to play a major role in the structural organization and mineralization of developing enamel. The present report describes the successful sequencing of the major human amelogenin protein, by use of both Edman degradation and cDNA sequencing. When Edman degradation was used, over 75% of the primary structure of the protein was determined. This sequence was supplemented with cDNA sequencing studies, which revealed the predicted sequence of this protein. Together, they provide the complete sequence of an important human enamel protein. The information complements recent studies on bovine and human amelogenin genes. A comparison between the present results and the protein sequences predicted from the corresponding human amelogenin genomic coding regions and that of cDNA sequences of other species is described.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas del Esmalte Dental/química , Proteínas del Esmalte Dental/genética , Germen Dentario/química , Amelogenina , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Autoanálisis/métodos , Secuencia de Bases , Bovinos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Quimotripsina/metabolismo , Bromuro de Cianógeno/metabolismo , Proteínas del Esmalte Dental/aislamiento & purificación , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/química , Humanos , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Peso Molecular , Filogenia , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/métodos , Especificidad de la Especie , Germen Dentario/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Patients receiving lidocaine may show false increases of serum creatinine as assayed by the single-slide method on the Kodak Ektachem 700. Bissell et al. (Clin Chem 1987;33:951) suggested that this interference was due to oxidation of N-ethylglycine (NEG), a previously uncharacterized metabolite of lidocaine, by the sarcosine oxidase preparation used in the Ektachem creatinine slide. To investigate this possibility, we synthesized NEG, added it to drug-free human serum, and analyzed the NEG-supplemented sera for creatinine with the Ektachem 700. We found the following linear relationships between creatinine bias (y, mg/L) and NEG concentration (x, mg/L) for first (I), third (III), and fourth (IV) generation slides: I: y = 1.70x - 0.8 mg/L (n = 13, r = 1.0) III: y = 0.39x - 0.3 mg/L (n = 3, r = 1.0) IV: y = 0.79x - 1.8 mg/L (n = 13, r = 1.0) Using HPLC, we directly demonstrated the presence of NEG in sera of patients receiving lidocaine and quantified NEG concentrations in sera from four of these patients. The increasing artifactual bias in creatinine with increasing NEG concentration unequivocally confirmed that NEG is responsible for the lidocaine-associated interference in the Kodak Ektachem single-slide creatinine method.
Asunto(s)
Creatinina/sangre , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Lidocaína/análisis , Oxidorreductasas N-Desmetilantes/metabolismo , Autoanálisis/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Glicina/análisis , Humanos , Sarcosina-OxidasaAsunto(s)
Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Selenio/deficiencia , Adolescente , Adulto , Autoanálisis/métodos , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
This paper describes a method for developing a rule-based control algorithm for process control that includes feedback and modification of the rule base from samples of the process output. The rules are used to guide the process toward the desired goal, or goals, and as the process operates new data samples allow the inference of new rules so that the process is automatically optimized and the rules for controlling the process are automatically generated.
Asunto(s)
Inteligencia Artificial , Biorretroalimentación Psicológica , Algoritmos , Autoanálisis/instrumentación , Autoanálisis/métodos , Humanos , Modelos PsicológicosRESUMEN
The trypsin-polybren-citrate (TPC) technique is based on Lalezari's method and has been developed in the Groupamatic equipment to allow the screening of irregular allo-antibodies which are not detectable on this machine by the present routine techniques. TPC screening has two main advantages: it gives more reliable results for Rh, Kell, Lewis and P antibodies than bromelin-methyl-cellulose, and it permits the screening of Duffy and Kidd antibodies, However, although the TPC technique contributes to an improved quality of the automated screening of blood donor samples, it should not be used as the only method when recipient samples are concerned.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos , Citratos/farmacología , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Bromuro de Hexadimetrina/farmacología , Poliaminas/farmacología , Tripsina/farmacología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Autoanálisis/métodos , Bromelaínas/farmacología , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación , Humanos , Metilcelulosa/farmacologíaRESUMEN
An automated system has been developed to analyze lead in blood, manganese in urine and nickel in waste water at a rate of 20 to 30 samples per hour. The analysis is based on direct chelation without digestion, extraction into methyl isobutyl ketone and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The applicability of the system in the field of occupational and environmental medicine is discussed.