RESUMEN
Anorexia can cause serious somatic complications, linked to undernutrition or associated pathological behaviours. The care pathway drawn up by a multi-discipline team is a real therapeutic challenge. Oral nutritional supplements, enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition are three possible forms of nutritional assistance.
Asunto(s)
Anorexia Nerviosa/complicaciones , Anorexia Nerviosa/enfermería , Vías Clínicas , Adolescente , Índice de Masa Corporal , Bulimia/complicaciones , Bulimia/enfermería , Nutrición Enteral/enfermería , Femenino , Humanos , Comunicación Interdisciplinaria , Colaboración Intersectorial , Nutrición Parenteral Total/enfermería , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/etiología , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/enfermería , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
TOPIC: Eating disorders among the adolescent population are a serious health problem. The author provides an overview of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. PURPOSE: To present information on eating disorders that includes DSM-IV criteria and typical profiles of the client. Current hypotheses about the etiology of eating disorders, medical complications, treatment approaches, morbidity and mortality data research, and outcome research of treatment are reviewed. Research, treatment, and educational considerations for nursing care are discussed. SOURCES: Published literature, clinical experience. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced practice nurses are particularly suited for working with adolescents because of their holistic approach to client care. Inconsistencies and gaps in the knowledge base of eating disorders regarding incidence, etiology, treatment approaches, pharmacology, and outcome are areas for future nursing research.
Asunto(s)
Conducta del Adolescente/psicología , Anorexia Nerviosa/psicología , Bulimia/psicología , Psicología del Adolescente , Adolescente , Anorexia Nerviosa/epidemiología , Anorexia Nerviosa/etiología , Anorexia Nerviosa/enfermería , Bulimia/epidemiología , Bulimia/etiología , Bulimia/enfermería , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Morbilidad , Enfermería Psiquiátrica/educación , Enfermería Psiquiátrica/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Nurses working with adolescents need an understanding of the clinical syndrome of bulimia in order to identify individuals at risk for this disorder and implement preventive and therapeutic interventions. The epidemiology, early precipitants, physiology, and biochemistry of bulimia nervosa are reviewed. From this integrated framework, implications for treatment are explored with an emphasis on holistic nursing care including health education.