RESUMEN
Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic disease with a worldwide distribution. This disease is caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, and its treatment is limited to several antifungals. In this study, the antifungal, cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of ethanol extracts from the bark and leaves of Annona coriacea were evaluated against the standard Cryptococcus species and clinical yeast specimens. Both extracts of A. coriacea showed inhibitory activity of 1.5 mg/mL for all of the yeasts tested. The number of viable cells at the lowest tested concentration was 0.187 mg/mL. The extracts that were tested showed inhibitory activity and reduced the fungal growth of the Cryptococcus gattii species and Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes, suggesting that this plant may be an effective alternative treatment for cryptococcosis.
Asunto(s)
Annona/química , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Criptococosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Cryptococcus neoformans/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Criptococosis/etiología , Criptococosis/microbiología , Cryptococcus gattii/efectos de los fármacos , Etanol , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta/químicaRESUMEN
Cryptococcal infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Reports of these infections in patients on small molecular kinase inhibitors have not been widely reported in clinical trials. We describe one case of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis and one case of cryptococcal pneumonia in two patients who were receiving ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Despite different sites of cryptococcal infection, both patients had similar presentations of acute illness. Patient 1 was worked up for health care-associated pneumonia, as well as acute sinusitis prior to the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. He also had a more complex past medical history than patient 2. Patient 2 developed atrial fibrillation from ibrutinib prior to admission for presumed health care-associated pneumonia. Cryptococcal antigen testing was done sooner in this patient due to patient receiving high-dose steroids for the treatment of underlying hemolytic anemia. We conclude that patients who develop acute illness while receiving ibrutinib should be considered for cryptococcal antigen testing.
Asunto(s)
Criptococosis/etiología , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/efectos adversos , Pirazoles/efectos adversos , Pirimidinas/efectos adversos , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , PiperidinasRESUMEN
El presente trabajo expone las características clínias e histopatológicas de las pricnipales patologías tropicales (micóticas, parasitarias y virales) que presentan manifestaciones bucales, poniendo énfasis en la paracoccidioidomicosis, histoplasmosis, critpcocosis, dengue, leishmaniasis e infección micótica (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Niño , Enfermedades de la Boca/etiología , Micosis/clasificación , Micosis/diagnóstico , Micosis/patología , Virosis/diagnóstico , Virosis/etiología , Virosis/patología , Enfermedades Parasitarias/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Parasitarias/etiología , Enfermedades Parasitarias/patología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/diagnóstico , Paracoccidioidomicosis/etiología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/patología , Histoplasmosis/diagnóstico , Histoplasmosis/etiología , Histoplasmosis/patología , Criptococosis/diagnóstico , Criptococosis/etiología , Criptococosis/patología , Enfermedades Parasitarias/epidemiología , Virosis/epidemiología , Micosis/epidemiología , Rinosporidiosis/diagnóstico , Rinosporidiosis/etiología , Rinosporidiosis/patología , Leishmaniasis/etiología , Leishmaniasis/diagnóstico , Leishmaniasis/epidemiología , Dengue/diagnóstico , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/patología , Diagnóstico Clínico , Técnicas Histológicas , Paracoccidioides/patogenicidad , Zona TropicalRESUMEN
We sought evidence for new environmental sources of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of isolates from 29 animals with a restricted territorial range in five Australian states. Twenty-three of the 29 isolates and 45 of 45 eucalypt isolates tested previously exhibited one RAPD profile, VGI. RAPD profile VGII was identified in 6 of 17 isolates from domesticated species but in none of 12 native species. Four VGII isolates originated from an area of Western Australia with no natural stands of known eucalypt host, indicating the existence of at least one unrecognized natural source of C. neoformans var. gattii.
Asunto(s)
Cryptococcus neoformans/aislamiento & purificación , Microbiología Ambiental , Animales , Animales Domésticos/microbiología , Animales Salvajes/microbiología , Australia , Criptococosis/etiología , Criptococosis/transmisión , Cryptococcus neoformans/clasificación , Cryptococcus neoformans/genética , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Eucalyptus/microbiología , Humanos , Plantas Medicinales , Técnica del ADN Polimorfo Amplificado AleatorioRESUMEN
Striking results were obtained with oral itraconazole therapy in two opportunistic mycoses. Of 28 patients with cryptococcal meningitis, 18 achieved complete responses, including 16 of 24 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Other manifestations of cryptococcosis were similarly responsive. In aspergillosis 12 of 15 patients responded, including 8 of 10 immunocompromised hosts. These patients included those with invasive pulmonary disease (4/5), skeletal disease (2/2), pleural disease (1/2), and pericardial, sinus, mastoid, hepatosplenic, or nail disease (1/1). These results with itraconazole compare favorably to conventional (parenteral) therapy, and toxicity was minimal. This suggests that comparative trials are now in order.