RESUMEN
Two undescribed sesamin-type sesquilignans ptehoosines A (1) and B (2), together with 4 known lignans (3-6), were isolated from Pterocephalus hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck which was widely used as traditional Tibetan medicine for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Their structures were determined by HR-ESI-MS, NMR analysis and CD experiment. The in vitro antiangiogenic effect of all isolated compounds against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Among them, compound 1 exhibited significant proliferative inhibition on HUVECs with IC50 value of 32.82 ± 0.99 µM. Further in vitro study indicated 1 could arrest cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and reduce the migration of HUVECs. In vivo experiment exhibited 1 could inhibit tail vessels plexus in zebrafish. The above finding suggested that 1 was a promising lead compound against RA by inhibiting of angiogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/farmacología , Caprifoliaceae/química , Dioxoles/farmacología , Lignanos/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Puntos de Control del Ciclo Celular , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Medicina Tradicional Tibetana , Estructura Molecular , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Tibet , Pez CebraRESUMEN
The co-administration of voriconazole (VCZ) and Wuzhi tablet (WZ) is frequently prescribed for solid organ transplantation patients in China. However, the pharmacokinetic interactions between VCZ and WZ as well as its bioactive constituents, such as schisandrin A and schisandrol B, remain unknown. Therefore, the effects of WZ and the two lignans on the metabolism of VCZ and the potential role of cytochromeP450 (CYP450), especially cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19), were investigated. The results showed that WZ extensively inhibited the activities of CYP1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4. Noteworthy, 2.5 mg/mL WZ almost completely inhibited the activity of 2C19, and the inhibition ratio reached 78.6±3% and 63.5±4.6% for schisandrin A and schisandrol B at concentrations 100 µM, respectively. In addition, rats were treated with a single or consecutive 14 day oral dose of WZ (250 mg/kg), schisandrol B (10 mg/kg) and schisandrin A (10 mg/ kg). In rats treated with WZ, the AUC0-∞ value for intravenous VCZ dosing was increased by 80.2% (single dose, p < 0.05) and 66.4% (dosage for 14 day, p < 0.05) and the Cmax was increased by 10.5% (p < 0.05) and (20.6%, p < 0.05), respectively, much greater than that when VCZ (28 mg/kg) was given alone. Unexpectedly, the AUC and Cmax values after schisandrol B and schisandrin A treatment were significantly increased. However, the mRNA expression of liver CYP2C19 and the protein expression of liver CYP2C19 were surprisingly increased after treatment with WZ, schisandrol B and schisandrin A in rats. Therefore, attention should be paid to when WZ and VCZ are administered concomitantly, as dosage adjustment might become necessary. Further clinical study is warranted to validate the interaction between WZ and VCZ.
Asunto(s)
Citocromo P-450 CYP2C19/genética , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Interacciones de Hierba-Droga , Voriconazol/farmacocinética , Animales , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/farmacocinética , Área Bajo la Curva , Ciclooctanos/aislamiento & purificación , Ciclooctanos/farmacología , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/farmacología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/farmacología , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Compuestos Policíclicos/aislamiento & purificación , Compuestos Policíclicos/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Comprimidos , Voriconazol/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Xiaosheng prescription (XSP) has been used for dry eye disease (DED) for more than 10 years in Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences. However, the effective ingredients involved have remained unclear, which was investigated in this study by the correlation of ingredient and therapeutic activity. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) cultured with 110 mM NaCl solution in vitro and C57BL/6 mice injected subcutaneously with scopolamine hydrobromide were used to establish dry eye models, and the therapeutic effect of XSP extract 1 was better than that of XSP extract 2 significantly. Then, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and data analysis program Progenesis QI and Makerlynx XS were used to analyze the potential effective ingredients of XSP, and 4 compounds were speculated and identified, in which Schisandrin and 1 µM of Schisantherin A could obviously increase the cell survival rate of injured cells on the cell model. It can be indicated that Schisandrin and Schisantherin A are probably the potential effective ingredients in XSP for DED.
Asunto(s)
Ciclooctanos/farmacología , Dioxoles/farmacología , Lignanos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Compuestos Policíclicos/farmacología , Animales , Ciclooctanos/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Epitelio Corneal/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/química , Compuestos Policíclicos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The composition and the relative variation of secondary metabolites of Paulownia tomentosa S. wood under thermal effect is a little explored area. Wood material was previously thermo-treated at 210 °C for 3 hours using a press vacuum technology. Extractives of untreated and thermo-treated wood material achieved with Soxhlet extraction techniques were obtained. Then the extracts were chromatographed by using thin layer chromatography. Component groups in extracts were determined by gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry. In terms of wood change the thermo-treatment of wood induces a darkening of wood color surface (ΔL* = 28.3), an increase of mass loss (3.5%) and an increase of the amount of extractives and lignin content as well as an increase of the chloroform soluble fraction. This work mainly describes the chemical exploration of the extract from paulownia wood, leading to the isolation and identification of episesamin.
Asunto(s)
Dioxoles/análisis , Lamiales/química , Lignanos/análisis , Madera/química , Fraccionamiento Químico/métodos , Cloroformo , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Color , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Lignina/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/química , TemperaturaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To assess the antiplasmodial activity of the ethanol extract of Xylopia sericea leaves, Annonaceae, often associated with antimalarial use and to perform a bioguided isolation of active compounds. METHODS: Dereplication of ethanol extract by the UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS technique allowed the identification of the major constituents, isolation and identification of alkaloids. The antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of the extract, fractions and isolated compounds was evaluated against the chloroquine-resistant W2 strain Plasmodium falciparum and HepG2 cells, respectively. KEY FINDINGS: Ethanol extract showed high reduction of parasitemia as well as moderate cytotoxicity (86.5 ± 3.0% growth inhibition at 50 µg/ml and CC50 72.1 ± 5.1 µg/ml, respectively). A total of eight flavonoids were identified, and two aporphine alkaloids, anonaine and O-methylmoschatoline, were isolated. Anonaine disclosed significant antiplasmodial effect and moderate cytotoxicity (IC50 23.2 ± 2.7 µg/ml, CC50 38.3 ± 2.3 µg/ml, SI 1.6) while O-methylmoschatoline was not active against P. falciparum and showed a low cytotoxicity (33.5 ± 1.9% growth inhibition at 50 µg/ml, CC50 274.4 ± 0.5 µg/ml). CONCLUSIONS: Characterization of Xylopia sericea leaves ethanol extract by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS as well as its antiplasmodial activity and the occurrence of anonaine and O-methylmoschatoline in this Xylopia species are reported by the first time.
Asunto(s)
Alcaloides/farmacología , Antimaláricos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Xylopia/química , Alcaloides/aislamiento & purificación , Alcaloides/toxicidad , Antimaláricos/aislamiento & purificación , Antimaláricos/toxicidad , Aporfinas/aislamiento & purificación , Aporfinas/farmacología , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/farmacología , Etanol/química , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Hojas de la Planta , Plasmodium falciparum/efectos de los fármacos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodosRESUMEN
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the site of non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals, wherein energy is dissipated as heat. We observed that aqueous extract of black sesame seed triggers an increase in the expression of Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipocytes from mice. The active component from the extract was purified and identified to be sesaminol diglucoside (SDG). SDG treatment decreased mass of white fat pads and serum glucose levels and increased UCP1 levels in BAT thereby protecting mice against high fat induced weight gain. Further in silico and in vitro studies revealed that these effects are due to the agonist like behaviour of SDG towards beta 3 adrenergic receptors (ß3-AR). Together, our results suggest that SDG induces BAT mediated thermogenesis through ß3-AR and protects mice against diet-induced obesity.
Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo Pardo/fisiología , Dioxoles/farmacología , Furanos/farmacología , Lignanos/farmacología , Semillas/química , Sesamum/química , Termogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Adipocitos Marrones/efectos de los fármacos , Adipocitos Marrones/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo Pardo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Furanos/aislamiento & purificación , Lípidos/química , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 3/metabolismo , Proteína Desacopladora 1/metabolismo , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The treatment of wood wastes of Castanea sativa L., Quercus frainetto, Larix decidua, and Paulownia tomentosa S. in autoclave in the presence of micrometric crystals of H3PMo12O40 showed an impressive increase of the amount of extractives. The extractives were mainly constituted of insoluble compounds that were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after acetylation. The GC-MS analysis of the chloroform soluble fraction of the extractives obtained from sativa showed the presence of methyl hexadecanoate and octadecanoic acid, that of the extractives of frainetto showed the presence of octadecanal and some long chain hydrocarbons. decidua extracts showed the presence of large amounts of sesamin, while the extractives of P tomentosa revealed the presence of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycimmanaldehyde, and relevant amounts of long chain hydrocarbons. The insoluble fraction showed the presence of relevant amounts of several carbohydrates and, in the case of C. sativa, of inositol.
Asunto(s)
Residuos Industriales/análisis , Molibdeno/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Madera/análisis , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Larix/química , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Molibdeno/aislamiento & purificación , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificación , Ácidos Fosfóricos/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Quercus/química , Madera/químicaRESUMEN
Two tetrahydrofurofurano lignans (1 and 2), four phenylpropanoids (3â»6), and two alkamides (7 and 8) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the roots of Asarum sieboldii. The chemical structures of the isolates were identified by analysis of spectroscopic data measurements, and by a comparison of their data with published values. The isolates (1, 2, 4â»8) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and SKOV3) and immortalized ovarian surface epithelial cells (IOSE80PC) using a MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Of the isolates, (-)-asarinin (1) exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity to both A2780 and SKOV3 cells. A propidium iodide/annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (V-FITC) double staining assay showed that (-)-asarinin (1) induces apoptotic cell death in ovarian cancer cells. In addition, (-)-asarinin (1) increased the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in ovarian cancer cells. Pretreatment with caspase inhibitors attenuated the cell death induced by (-)-asarinin (1). In conclusion, our findings show that (-)-asarinin (1) from the roots of A. sieboldii may induce caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Asarum/química , Caspasas/metabolismo , Dioxoles/farmacología , Lignanos/farmacología , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Raíces de Plantas/química , Antineoplásicos/aislamiento & purificación , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Caspasas/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Supervivencia Celular , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Activación Enzimática , Femenino , Humanos , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Estructura Molecular , Neoplasias Ováricas/enzimología , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Schisantherin A (SinA), one of the most abundant active ingredients of Schisandra chinensis, was reported to protect and benefit the liver, however, its effect on alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) was still not clear. In the present study, an ALI mice model was induced by feeding mice an alcohol-containing liquid diet for four weeks. Then, 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg SinA was administered to mice every day by gavage for the last two weeks. Histopathological analysis showed that alcohol-induced liver lipid vacuoles were reduced by SinA. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 61.90 ± 14.65 vs. 93.65 ± 20.50, 50.46 ± 13.21 vs. 93.65 ± 20.50) and alanine transaminase (ALT, 41.29 ± 9.20 vs. 64.04 ± 18.13, 36.52 ± 7.71 vs. 64.04 ± 18.13) in the serum of ALI mice were significantly reduced by 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg SinA when compared with control mice. Alcohol-induced oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in the liver were suppressed by SinA in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, treatment with SinA decreased alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity and increased acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity in ALI mice. Alcohol-induced upregulation of CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 in the liver was inhibited by SinA. Further, SinA suppressed activation of the NF-kB pathway in ALI mice. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that SinA is able to protect against ALI, and this may be, at least in part, caused by regulation of alcohol metabolism and the NF-kB pathway. Our data suggest a therapeutic potential of SinA in the treatment of ALI.
Asunto(s)
Ciclooctanos/administración & dosificación , Dioxoles/administración & dosificación , Etanol/metabolismo , Lignanos/administración & dosificación , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Fitoterapia , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Aldehído Oxidorreductasas/sangre , Animales , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Ciclooctanos/aislamiento & purificación , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A2/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/metabolismo , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Hígado/patología , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Schisandra/químicaRESUMEN
The aim of this study is to disclose the potential bioactive components of Cuscuta palaestina, a native parasitic natural plant of flora palaestina and to open direction towards new prospective application. GC-MS analysis identified 18 components in the methanolic extract of C. palaestina for the first time. The most appealing among them are Sesamin and two other phytosterols (Campesterol and Stigmasterol), all of which are documented in the scientific literature for their anticancer activity. Quantitation of Sesamin extracted from C. palaestina by HPLC-PDA with the use of three organic solvents showed that the Sesamin content in the methanolic extract was the highest. Following the disclosure of Sesamin presence in C. palaestina, we raised the question of whether it is produced naturally in C. palaestina or acquired from the host plant. The quantitation of Sesamin in C. palaestina was performed while being with five different host plants, and was compared with the amount of Sesamin in C. palaestina grown alone. The findings reveal that Sesamin is an endogenous secondary metabolite in C. palaestina. Thus, further studies are required to prove if C. palaestina can be used as an alternative source of anticancer phytochemicals, mainly Sesamin, and if proteins in the Sesamin production pathway could be valid biological targets for the development of novel and selective pesticides for control/ eradication of C. palaestina and maybe some other Cuscuta species. As well, the findings from this study raise a big question of whether inferring Sesamin production in C. palaestina could reduce its attack ability to host plants.
Asunto(s)
Cuscuta/química , Dioxoles/química , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/química , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Calibración , Cuscuta/metabolismo , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Lignanos/biosíntesisRESUMEN
Sauchinone, an active lignan isolated from the aerial parts of Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae), exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-hepatic steatosis effects. As herb-drug interaction (HDI) through cytochrome P450s (CYPs)-mediated metabolism limits clinical application of herbs and drugs in combination, this study sought to explore the enzyme kinetics of sauchinone towards CYP inhibition in in vitro human liver microsomes (HLMs) and in vivo mice studies and computational molecular docking analysis. In in vitro HLMs, sauchinone reversibly inhibited CYP2B6, 2C19, 2E1, and 3A4 activities in non-competitive modes, showing inhibition constant (Ki) values of 14.3, 16.8, 41.7, and 6.84 µM, respectively. Also, sauchinone time-dependently inhibited CYP2B6, 2E1 and 3A4 activities in vitro HLMs. Molecular docking study showed that sauchinone could be bound to a few key amino acid residues in the active site of CYP2B6, 2C19, 2E1, and 3A4. When sibutramine, clopidogrel, or chlorzoxazone was co-administered with sauchinone to mice, the systemic exposure of each drug was increased compared to that without sauchinone, because sauchinone reduced the metabolic clearance of each drug. In conclusion, when sauchinone was co-treated with drugs metabolized via CYP2B6, 2C19, 2E1, or 3A4, sauchinone-drug interactions occurred because sauchinone inhibited the CYP-mediated metabolic activities.
Asunto(s)
Benzopiranos/química , Citocromo P-450 CYP2B6/química , Citocromo P-450 CYP2C19/química , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/química , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A/química , Dioxoles/química , Interacciones de Hierba-Droga , Saururaceae/química , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Fármacos Antiobesidad/química , Fármacos Antiobesidad/aislamiento & purificación , Fármacos Antiobesidad/farmacología , Benzopiranos/aislamiento & purificación , Benzopiranos/farmacología , Sitios de Unión , Dominio Catalítico , Clorzoxazona/química , Clorzoxazona/farmacología , Clopidogrel , Ciclobutanos/química , Ciclobutanos/farmacología , Citocromo P-450 CYP2B6/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP2C19/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A/metabolismo , Inhibidores Enzimáticos del Citocromo P-450/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos del Citocromo P-450/aislamiento & purificación , Inhibidores Enzimáticos del Citocromo P-450/farmacología , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/farmacología , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Hipoglucemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Cinética , Ratones , Microsomas Hepáticos/química , Microsomas Hepáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Microsomas Hepáticos/enzimología , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Unión Proteica , Dominios y Motivos de Interacción de Proteínas , Estructura Secundaria de Proteína , Ticlopidina/análogos & derivados , Ticlopidina/química , Ticlopidina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Herb-drug interaction (HDI) limits clinical application of herbs and drugs, and inhibition of herbs towards uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) has gained attention as one of the important reasons to cause HDIs. Sauchinone, an active lignan isolated from aerial parts of Saururus chinensis (Saururacease), possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral activities. In pharmacokinetics of sauchinone, sauchinone is highly distributed to the liver, forming extensive metabolites of sauchinone via UGTs in the liver. Thus, we investigated whether sauchinone inhibited UGTs to explore potential of sauchinone-drug interactions. In human liver microsomes (HLMs), sauchinone inhibited activities of UGT1A1, 1A3, 1A6, and 2B7 with IC50 values of 8.83, 43.9, 0.758, and 0.279 µM, respectively. Sauchinone also noncompetitively inhibited UGT1A6 and 2B7 with Ki values of 1.08 and 0.524 µM, respectively. In in vivo interaction study using mice, sauchinone inhibited UGT2B7-mediated zidovudine metabolism, resulting in increased systemic exposure of zidovudine when sauchinone and zidovudine were co-administered together. Our results indicated that there is potential HDI between sauchinone and drugs undergoing UGT2B7-mediated metabolism, possibly contributing to the safe use of sauchinone and drug combinations.
Asunto(s)
Benzopiranos/química , Dioxoles/química , Glucuronosiltransferasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Extractos Vegetales/química , Tracheophyta/química , Animales , Benzopiranos/aislamiento & purificación , Benzopiranos/farmacología , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/farmacología , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Glucuronosiltransferasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Microsomas Hepáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Microsomas Hepáticos/enzimología , Termodinámica , Zidovudina/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Annona muricata Linn or usually identified as soursop is a potential anticancer plant that has been widely reported to contain valuable chemopreventive agents known as annonaceous acetogenins. The antiproliferative and anticancer activities of this tropical and subtropical plant have been demonstrated in cell culture and animal studies. A. muricata L. exerts inhibition against numerous types of cancer cells, involving multiple mechanism of actions such as apoptosis, a programmed cell death that are mainly regulated by Bcl-2 family of proteins. Nonetheless, the binding mode and the molecular interactions of the plant's bioactive constituents have not yet been unveiled for most of these mechanisms. In the current study, we aim to elucidate the binding interaction of ten bioactive phytochemicals of A. muricata L. to three Bcl-2 family of antiapoptotic proteins viz. Bcl-2, Bcl-w and Mcl-1 using an in silico molecular docking analysis software, Autodock 4.2. The stability of the complex with highest affinity was evaluated using MD simulation. We compared the docking analysis of these substances with pre-clinical Bcl-2 inhibitor namely obatoclax. The study identified the potential chemopreventive agent among the bioactive compounds. We also characterized the important interacting residues of protein targets which involve in the binding interaction. Results displayed that anonaine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, showed a high affinity towards the Bcl-2, thus indicating that this compound is a potent inhibitor of the Bcl-2 antiapoptotic family of proteins.
Asunto(s)
Annona/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/antagonistas & inhibidores , Aporfinas/química , Dioxoles/química , Proteína 1 de la Secuencia de Leucemia de Células Mieloides/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pirroles/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/química , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/genética , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Aporfinas/aislamiento & purificación , Aporfinas/farmacología , Sitios de Unión , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/farmacología , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Indoles , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Proteína 1 de la Secuencia de Leucemia de Células Mieloides/química , Proteína 1 de la Secuencia de Leucemia de Células Mieloides/genética , Proteína 1 de la Secuencia de Leucemia de Células Mieloides/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Unión Proteica , Conformación Proteica en Hélice alfa , Conformación Proteica en Lámina beta , Dominios y Motivos de Interacción de Proteínas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Pirroles/aislamiento & purificación , Pirroles/farmacología , Homología Estructural de ProteínaRESUMEN
Both the traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, Antrodia camphorata, and its secondary metabolite, 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxole, have been reported to possess promising anticancer activity. In this work the natural product and analogues bearing more polar substituents were synthesised and assessed for antiproliferative activity in the NCI-60 screen. Although each compound inhibited the growth of some cell lines at 10µM, none had sufficient activity to warrant further investigation.
Asunto(s)
Antrodia/química , Dioxoles/farmacología , Benzodioxoles , Productos Biológicos/aislamiento & purificación , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , HumanosRESUMEN
The role of inflammation and oxidative stress is critical during onset of metabolic disorders and this has been sufficiently established in literature. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of sesamol and sesamin, two important bioactive molecules present in sesame oil, on the generation of inflammatory and oxidative stress factors in LPS injected rats. Sesamol and sesamin lowered LPS induced expression of cPLA2 (61 and 56%), 5-LOX (44 and 51%), BLT-1(32 and 35%) and LTC4 synthase (49 and 50%), respectively, in liver homogenate. The diminished serum LTB4 (53 and 64%) and LTC4 (67 and 44%) levels in sesamol and sesamin administered groups, respectively, were found to be concurrent with the observed decrease in the expression of cPLA2 and 5-LOX. The serum levels of TNF-α (29 and 19%), MCP-1 (44 and 57%) and IL-1ß (43 and 42%) were found to be reduced in sesamol and sesamin group, respectively, as given in parentheses, compared to LPS group. Sesamol and sesamin offered protection against LPS induced lipid peroxidation in both serum and liver. Sesamol, but not sesamin, significantly restored the loss of catalase and glutathione reductase activity due to LPS (P<.05). However, both sesamol and sesamin reverted SOD activities by 92 and 98%, respectively. Thus, oral supplementation of sesamol and sesamin beneficially modulated the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, as observed in the present study, in LPS injected rats. Our report further advocates the potential use of sesamol and sesamin as an adjunct therapy wherein, inflammatory and oxidative stress is of major concern.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Benzodioxoles/uso terapéutico , Suplementos Dietéticos , Dioxoles/uso terapéutico , Hepatitis/prevención & control , Leucotrienos/metabolismo , Lignanos/uso terapéutico , Hígado/metabolismo , Fenoles/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Araquidonato 5-Lipooxigenasa/química , Araquidonato 5-Lipooxigenasa/metabolismo , Benzodioxoles/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/metabolismo , Glutatión Transferasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Glutatión Transferasa/química , Glutatión Transferasa/metabolismo , Hepatitis/etiología , Hepatitis/inmunología , Hepatitis/metabolismo , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Antagonistas de Leucotrieno/aislamiento & purificación , Antagonistas de Leucotrieno/metabolismo , Antagonistas de Leucotrieno/uso terapéutico , Leucotrienos/agonistas , Leucotrienos/sangre , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/inmunología , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fenoles/metabolismo , Fosfolipasas A2 Citosólicas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fosfolipasas A2 Citosólicas/química , Fosfolipasas A2 Citosólicas/metabolismo , Ratas Wistar , Receptores de Leucotrieno B4/agonistas , Receptores de Leucotrieno B4/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptores de Leucotrieno B4/metabolismo , Aceite de Sésamo/química , Aceite de Sésamo/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants have been explored extensively these days. This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial potential from aerial parts of plant, called 'Annona senegalensis' and its constituents. Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation of four metabolites, (+)-catechin (1), (-)-anonaine (2), (-)-asimilobine (3) and (+)-nornantenine (4). This is the first report on the isolation of compounds 1, 3 and 4 from this plant. Compounds 2 and 4 showed good activity, whereas 1 and 3 displayed weak inhibition against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175). The results showed that compound 2 and 3 showed significant activity with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 0.12 and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. The present study reports for the first time the antibacterial activity of the extract of A. senegalensis and its constituents. As S. mutans is a rather resistant bacteria, the MIC obtained during the present study is significant.
Asunto(s)
Alcaloides/farmacología , Annona/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de los fármacos , Alcaloides/química , Antibacterianos/química , Aporfinas/química , Aporfinas/aislamiento & purificación , Aporfinas/farmacología , Catequina/química , Catequina/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/química , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/químicaRESUMEN
Graphene oxide was fabricated by a simple method and applied to magnetic solid-phase extraction. In a pretreatment procedure before the sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin in sesame oil were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Several parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated, including the type and volume of desorption solvent, desorption time and the amount of sorbent. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin were 0.05µg/g, 0.02µg/g, and 0.02µg/g, respectively. The limits of quantification were all 0.2µg/g. The average recoveries of sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin were 84.55%, 85.47%, 86.83%, respectively and their relative standard deviations were 1.23%, 1.33%, and 0.84%, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Benzodioxoles/análisis , Dioxoles/análisis , Grafito/química , Lignanos/análisis , Fenoles/análisis , Aceite de Sésamo/química , Extracción en Fase Sólida/métodos , Benzodioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Fenómenos Magnéticos , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Acanthopanax senticosus (previously classified as Eleutherococcus senticosus), commonly known as Ciwujia or Siberian Ginseng, is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), widely used for its high medicinal value, such as antifatigue, anti-inflammation, antistress, anti-ulcer and cardiovascular functions, in China, Korea, Japan and Russia. In the past decades, researchers worldwide have conducted systematic investigations on this herb, from chemistry to pharmacology, and a large number of chemical components have been characterized for their significant pharmacological effects. However, reports about the anticancer effects of this plant had been rare until recently, when considerable pharmacological experiments both in vitro and in vivo were conducted to study the anticancer effects of this herb. A. senticosus has been found to have inhibitory effects on malignant tumors, such as those in the lung and liver, suggesting that A. senticosus has potential to be developed as an effective anticancer drug. This paper reviews recent findings on the pharmacological properties of A. senticosus, with a focus on its anticancer effects.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Cumarinas/farmacología , Cumarinas/uso terapéutico , Dioxoles/farmacología , Dioxoles/uso terapéutico , Eleutherococcus/química , Glucósidos/farmacología , Glucósidos/uso terapéutico , Lignanos/farmacología , Lignanos/uso terapéutico , Fenilpropionatos/farmacología , Fenilpropionatos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes , Cumarinas/aislamiento & purificación , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Glucósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Medicina Tradicional China , Ratones , Fenilpropionatos/aislamiento & purificación , Fitoterapia , RatasRESUMEN
In Asian countries, sesame seed oil unsaponified matter is used as a natural food additive due to its associated antioxidant effects. We determined and purified the primary lignans sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seed oil unsaponified matter using reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and tandem mass spectrometry and high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Calibration curves showed good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.999, range 0.08 and/or 0.15 to 5 µg/mL) with a limit of detection (at 290 nm) of 0.02 µg/mL for sesamin and 0.04 µg/mL for sesamolin. Sesame seed oil unsaponified matter contained 2.82% sesamin and 2.54% sesamolin, respectively. Direct qualitative analysis of sesamin and sesamolin was achieved using quadrupole mass spectrometry with positive-mode electrospray ionization. Pure (>99%) sesamin and sesamolin standards were obtained using high-speed countercurrent chromatographic purification (hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water; 7:3:7:3). An effective method for determining and purifying sesamin and sesamolin from sesame seed oil unsaponified matter was developed by combining these separation techniques for standardized food additives.
Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Distribución en Contracorriente , Dioxoles/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Aceite de Sésamo/análisis , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Sesamum/químicaRESUMEN
AIM: The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) acts through the antioxidant response element (ARE) to regulate the expression of many detoxifying and antioxidant genes responsible for cytoprotective processes. We previously reported that Schisandrol B (SolB) isolated from Schisandra sphenanthera produced a protective effect against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. In this study we investigated whether the NRF2/ARE signaling pathway was involved in this hepato-protective effect. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with SolB (200 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1), ig) for 3 d before injection of APAP (400 mg/kg, ip). Serum and liver tissue samples were collected 6 h later. The mRNA and protein expression were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. The activation of NRF2 was examined in HepG2 cells using luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS: SolB pretreatment significantly alleviated the hepatic injury (large patchy necrosis and hyperemia of the hepatic sinus), the increase of serum AST, ALT levels and hepatic MDA contents, and the decrease of liver and mitochondrial glutathione levels in APAP-treated mice. Furthermore, SolB pretreatment significantly increased nuclear accumulation of NRF2 and increased hepatic expression of NRF2 downstream proteins, including GCLC, GSR, NQO1, GSTs, MRP2, MRP3 and MRP4 in APAP-treated mice. Moreover, treatment with SolB (2.5-20 µmol/L) dose-dependently increased the activity of NRF2 reporter gene in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION: SolB exhibits a remarkable protective effect against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, partially via activation of the NRF2/ARE pathway and regulation of NRF2 target genes, which induce detoxification and increase antioxidant capacity.