Comparative evaluation of Sapindus Mukorossi extract with 17% EDTA on smear layer removal in various parts of the tooth root.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an experimental root canal irrigant and 17% Ethylene-di-amine tetra acetic acid for removal of the smear layer in the coronal, middle and apical portions of the root canal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety human single rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth were selected for this study. The teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group as follows: Group A (Ethanolic extract of Sapindus Mukorossi), Group B (17% EDTA), and Group C (Distilled water). The root canals of all three groups were prepared with stainless steel K-files by means of the standard step-back technique and irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypo chloride. The teeth were decoronated, following the irrigation and divided longitudinally into two-halves and visualized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the amount of smear layer present utilizing the three-point score system. The observations were noted both before and after the treatment. Nonparametric tests were applied for the comparison and p-value ⩽ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: It was evident from that smear layer was completely removed in coronal portion of 27 out of 30 teeth in-group A. For middle and apical areas of group A, 24 and 19 teeth showed complete smear layer removal. In-group B it was found that there were 24, 21, and 3 teeth at coronal, middle and apical, areas respectively where smear layer were completely absent. Intra group comparison showed a significant difference (p = 0.002) in smear layer removal was found for group A at coronal, middle and apical thirds. Similarly, a significant difference (p = 0.001) was also found for group B; however heavy smear layer was found among the three parts of the canal for group C. CONCLUSIONS: Ethanolic extract of Sapindus Mukorossi have higher effectiveness in removing the smear layer from the root canal in comparison to 17% EDTA.

Eficacia de la musicoterapia para reducir la ansiedad dental en niños con discapacidad / Eficacia da musicoterapia para redução da ansiedade dental em crianças com discapacidades / Effectiveness of Music Therapy in reducing dental anxiety in children with disabilities

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la musicoterapia para la reducción de la ansiedad dental en niños entre 5 a 12 años con discapacidad durante la atención odontológica. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental. Se evaluaron 40 pacientes, divididos aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: grupo de expuestos y no expuestos a musicoterapia. El nivel de ansiedad fue registrado por la escala de imagen facial antes y después de la atención clínica, el comportamiento durante la atención a través de la escala de Frankl y el nivel de ansiedad de los padres a través de la escala modificada de Corah. Se registraron las funciones vitales de ambos grupos antes y después de dicha atención. El análisis de los datos se realizó análisis descriptivo (media ± desviación estándar) y análisis inferencial: Test de T-Student y Chi cuadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: Se encontró que la presión arterial inicial/ final en el grupo expuesto fue (Sístole: 108.75 ± 8.56/ 95.50 ± 6.86, Diástole: 67.75 ± 7.15 / 57.75 ± 6.38), y en el grupo no expuesto (Sístole: 101.75 ± 8.77/ 110.15 ± 13.31, Diástole: 59.20 ± 6.08) respectivamente, y la frecuencia cardiaca inicial/final en el grupo expuesto (72.30 ± 7.18 / 63.95 ± 6.12); y en el grupo no expuesto (66.50 ± 9.88 / 73.90 ± 11.46). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores de la presión arterial (sístole, p<0,001 y diástole, p=0,007) y frecuencia cardiaca final (p=0,001), así como una reducción de los niveles de ansiedad final en el grupo expuesto a musicoterapia (p=0,001).

Objetivo:Avaliar a eficacia da musicoterapia para redução da ansiedade dental em crianças com discapacidades entre 5 a 12 anos durante o atendimento odontológico. Materiais e métodos: Estudo quase experimental. Avaliou-se 40 pacientes divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupos de expostos e não expostos a musicoterapia. O nível de ansiedade foi registrado pela escala de imagem facial antes e durante o atendimento odontológico, o comportamento durante o atendimento foi através da escala de Frankl e o nível de ansiedade dos padres através da escala modificada de Corah. As funções vitais foram registradas antes e depois do atendimento. O análises de dados foi realizado através análises descritivas (média ± ds) e análises inferenciais: Teste de T-Student e Chi Quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: A pressão arterial inicial/final no grupo exposto foi (Sístole: 108.75 ± 8.56/95.50 ± 6.86, Diástole: 67.75 ± 7.15/ 57.75 ± 6.38), e no grupo não exposto (Sístole: 101.75 ± 8.77/110.15 ± 13.31, Diástole: 59.20 ± 6.08) respetivamente, e a frequência cardíaca inicial/final no grupo exposto (72.30 ± 7.18/ 63.95 ± 6.12); e no grupo não exposto (66.50 ± 9.88 / 73.90 ± 11.46). Se encontraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos valores da pressão arterial (sístole, p=0,000 e diástole, p=0,007) e frequência cardíaca final (p= 0,001), assim como na redução dos níveis de ansiedade final no grupo exposto à musicoterapia (p=0,001). Conclusão: O uso da musicoterapia diminuiu significativamente os níveis da ansiedade durante o atendimento odontológico nos pacientes com discapacidades

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing dental anxiety in children with disabilities between 5 and 12 years old during dental care. Materials and methods: Quasi-experimental study. 40 patients were evaluated, randomly divided into 2 groups: a group exposed to music therapy and a group not exposed to it. The levels of anxiety were registered using the Facial Image Scale before and after the dental care, the behaviour during dental care using the Frank Scale and the level of anxiety of the parents using the Modified Corah Scale. The vital functions of both groups were registered before and after the dental care. The data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis (media ± standard deviation) and inferential analysis: T- Student test and Chi square (p<0,05). Results: It was found that the initial/final blood pressure in the exposed group was (Systole: 108.75 ± 8.56/ 95.50 ± 6.86, Diastole: 67.75 ± 7.15/ 57.75 ± 6.38), and in the unexposed group (Systole: 101.75 ± 8.77/ 110.15 ± 13.31, Diastole: 59.20 ± 6.08), and the initial/final heart rate in the exposed group was (72.30 ± 7.18/ 63.95 ± 6.12); and in the unexposed group (66.50 ± 9.88/ 73.90 ± 11.46). Statistically significant differences were found in the values of blood pressure (systole, p=0,000 y diastole, p=0,007) and heart rate (p= 0,001), as well as a reduction in the levels of anxiety in the exposed group to music therapy (p=0,001). Conclusion: The use of Music therapy significantly reduces levels of anxiety during dental care in patients with disabilities.

Técnicas alternativas del manejo de la conducta en odontopediatría / Técnicas alternativas para a gestão comportamental em odontologia pediátrica / Alternative behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry

Diversas técnicas convencionales han sido utilizadas con gran eficacia; sin embargo, la no aceptación de algunas de ellas por los padres, ciertos condicionamientos éticos y legales así como cambios en la educación actual y el avance en nuevas tecnologías, obligan al odontólogo a un replanteamiento de actitudes. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar qué técnicas alternativas son empleadas en la clínica dental por los profesionales para el manejo de la conducta de pacientes infantiles. Material y métodos: Se realizó un cuestionario en la plataforma de Google, remitido vía email a 190 odonto/estomatólogos que tratasen pacientes infantiles, obteniendo una participación de 132 encuestas adecuadas para el análisis de 6 técnicas alternativas de manejo de la conducta. El estudio estadístico se realizó en el programa SPSS aplicando el test de ANOVA para una significación de p= 0,05. Resultados: Un 35,1% de los encuestados utilizaban medios audiovisuales para el tratamiento dental, siendo la televisión el más frecuentemente empleado. La musicoterapia fue la técnica más utilizada (70,5% de los participantes) con mayor frecuencia del sexo femenino, aunque sin diferencias significativas, siendo la música moderna la de mayor aceptación. Un 32,8% utilizaron la ludoterapia como técnica de manejo seguida del empleo de técnicas de relajación con un 25%, ambas con mayor porcentaje femenino. Las dos técnicas menos utilizadas fueron la aromaterapia (6,8%) y la hipnosis (2,3%). Conclusiones: A pesar del incremento en la utilización de técnicas alternativas en el manejo de la conducta, todavía su empleo es escaso por los odonto/estomatólogos.

Várias técnicas convencionais têm sido usadas com grande eficácia; contudo, a não aceitação de algumas delas pelos pais, certas condições éticas e legais, assim como as mudanças na educação atual e o avanço das novas tecnologias, forçam o dentista a repensar as atitudes. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar quais técnicas alternativas são utilizadas na clínica odontológica por profissionais para gerenciar o comportamento de pacientes infantis. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um questionário na plataforma Google, enviado por e-mail a 190 dentistas/stomatologistas que trataram crianças, obtendo 132 pesquisas adequadas para a análise de 6 técnicas alternativas de gestão comportamental. O estudo estatístico foi realizado no programa SPSS aplicando o teste ANOVA para uma significância de p= 0,05. Resultados: 35,1% dos inquiridos utilizaram meios audiovisuais para tratamento dentário, sendo a televisão a mais frequentemente utilizada. A musicoterapia foi a técnica mais utilizada (70,5% dos participantes) pelo sexo feminino, embora sem diferenças significativas, sendo a música moderna a mais amplamente aceita. 32,8% utilizaram a terapia lúdica como técnica de gestão seguida do uso de técnicas de relaxamento com 25%, ambas com uma percentagem maior de mulheres. As duas técnicas menos utilizadas foram a aromaterapia (6,8%) e a hipnose (2,3%). Conclusões: Apesar do aumento do uso de técnicas alternativas na gestão do comportamento, o seu uso ainda é escasso pelos odontologistas/estomatologistas.

Various conventional techniques have been used with great efficiency; nevertheless, the non-acceptance of some of them by the parents, certain ethical and legal conditions as well as changes in the current education and the advance in new technologies, force the dentist to a rethinking of attitudes. Aim: The aim of this paper is to identify what alternative techniques are used by professionals for the behavior's management of pediatric patients in the dental clinic. Material and methods: A questionnaire was carried out on the Google platform, sent via email to 190 odonto / stomatologists who treated pediatric patients, obtaining a participation of 132 appropriate surveys for the analysis of 6 alternative behavior management techniques. The statistical study was carried out in the SPSS program, applying the ANOVA test for a significance of p = 0.05. Results: 35.1% of respondents used audiovisual media for dental treatment, being television the most frequently used. Music therapy was the most applied technique (70.5% of the participants) with the highest frequency of female sex, without significant differences though, being modern music the most widely accepted. 32.8% used play therapy as a management technique followed by the use of relaxation techniques with 25%, both with a higher female percentage. The two least used techniques were aromatherapy (6.8%) and hypnosis (2.3%). Conclusions: Despite the increase in the use of alternative techniques in behavior management, their use is still scarce by dentists / stomatologists.

Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Relapse of Rotated Teeth: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Study.

OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to reduce the relapse of orthodontically rotated teeth. However, controversial conclusions have been drawn by different authors. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT on relapse of corrected tooth rotations systematically by overall search of available studies and scientific assessment. METHODS: A comprehensive electronic search was performed through PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PRL, and WHO ICTRP up to November 2015 with no language limitation. This systematic review was carried out according to Cochrane Handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken according to Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Two review authors conducted the work of search, selection, and quality assessment independently in duplicate. RESULTS: Out of 112 studies, two animal experiments and one human study were included. Degree and percentage of relapse of rotated teeth were compared between control and LLLT group. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of our systematic review, the effect of LLLT on relapse of corrected tooth rotations is related to energy density. Namely, low energy density seems to promote relapse, while high energy density might alleviate the relapse. Since available investigations are limited, more well-designed randomized controlled trials involving humans are needed to get more clinically significant conclusions.

Effect of EDTA conditioning on cervical restorations bonded with a self-etch adhesive: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the 18-month retention rates of composite restorations in non-carious cervical lesions [NCCLs] bonded with a self-etch adhesive with and without preliminary conditioning with EDTA. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with two similar-sized NCCL were selected and randomly allocated to one of two groups. Two calibrated operators placed 96 restorations with a one-step self-etch adhesive (Adper Easy One, 3M ESPE). Half of the restorations were placed according to the manufacturer's instructions while, for the other half, the surfaces of the lesions were conditioned with 17% EDTA for 2 min prior to adhesive application. Two blinded and independent examiners evaluated the restorations at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months, according to the FDI criteria. The comparison between groups in each period was conducted with the Fisher's exact test, and the performance of each group at the different periods was evaluated by McNemar's test (α=0.05). RESULTS: After 18 months, significantly higher retention rates (95% CI) were observed for the EDTA group (95.5 [84.9-98.7]) than the control group (79.6% [65.5-88.9]) (p=0.02). Significant deterioration of the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration were observed for both groups over the 18-month evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary conditioning with EDTA before application of a one-step self-etch adhesive significantly improved the retention rates of composite restorations in cervical lesions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Conditioning with EDTA is an alternative that improves the 18-month retention rate of cervical restorations bonded with a self-etch adhesive.

Descriptive study of the patients treated at the clinic "integrated dentistry for patients with special needs" at Complutense University of Madrid (2003-2012).

OBJECTIVES: To study clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients treated at the clinic "Integrated Dentistry for Patients with Special Needs (Special Care Dentistry)" at Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), as well as to know the dental treatments performed in these patients and the modifications from the usual treatment protocol. The information obtained from the results could also be applied in order to assess the needs of dental students education about this type of patients. STUDY DESIGN: Medical records review of all the patients referred to the clinic of "Integrated dentistry for patients with special needs", performing a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing their main pathology, ASA risk score (Classification system used by the American Society of Anesthesiologists to estimate the risk posed by the anesthesia for various patient conditions), pharmacological treatment, what kind of dental treatment was necessary, whether the patient was treated or not, and if it was required to change any procedure due to the patient health status (sedation or antibiotic prophylaxis). RESULTS: The number of patients referred to the clinic was 447, of whom 426 were included in this study. Out of them, 52,35 % were men and 47,89 were women, with a mean age of 49,20 years. More frequent pathologies were cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases (24,29 %), infectious diseases (12,41%), endocrine diseases (11,66%) and intellectual disability (8,85%). 70'18% of the patients were treated, with with sedation being necessary in 9,03% of the cases and antibiotic prophylaxis in 11,70%. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high number of patients with some kind of pathology and the amount of medicines that they use, it seems necessary for dentistry students to have a specific training regarding how to handle and treat these patients, so they will be able to provide them the best possible care.

[Healing Dental and Oral Problems by Remedies of Animal and of Human Origin]. / A FOG-ÉS SZÁJBETEGSÉGEK GYÓGYÍTÁSA ÁLLATI ÉS EMBERI TESTRÉSZEKBOL NYERT ORVOSSÁGOKKAL.

Use of matierials of animal or human origin in dentistry (and generally in medicine) these days is regarded as an unusal way of intervention. However in earlier times, different tissues, parts, products and organs of animals were frequently used in healing. Some of these methods were rooted in magical thinking. As analogical treatments--based on similarity or analogy--e.g. powder of horn or teeth of pike was used for the treatment of decayed teeth and different worms, maggots, veenies were applied against "toothworm". By difficult eruption of primary teeth bone marrow or brain mixed with cockridge-blood and goatmilk was a widely used medicine. Butter and honey were able to help the growing of teeth, as well. Parts of frog (fe: flippers) were also components of curing materials. Egg as the symbol of life was often an ingredient of medicaments. For the treatment of inflamed gum different animal materials were used, like chin and teeth of wolf, pike, crayfish, milk, honey, human saliva etc. Animal or human stools, mucks (containing enzymes) did one's bit in healing of oral and dental illnesses and were applied as fomentation or swathing. Placing a leech on the inflamed face was a common procedure in the past even as the use of earwax in lipnook. In our days tissues, parts or products of animals (or human beings) usually never allowed to get into contact with the body of patients. It's a much safer routine, at the same time however a precious traditional knowledge vanishes forever.

Longitudinal treatment of cleft lip and palate in developing countries: dentistry as part of a multidisciplinary endeavor.

Cleft lip and palate affects roughly 1 in 600 children and predisposes patients to a lifetime of functional and esthetic discrepancies. Disparities in access as well as quality of care exist worldwide, with many children in developing countries unable to receive treatment. In the late 20th century, humanitarian medical missions emerged as a means of delivering surgical expertise to patients in resource-limited settings. These early missions took on a patient-centered approach focused solely on cleft repair, with little emphasis on treating the dental abnormalities that arose after the initial surgery. However, modern cleft care is characterized by a multidisciplinary, team-based approach with significant dental involvement. Recent cleft lip and palate endeavors have shifted from a mission-based approach to a developmental approach facilitating growth of an independent care center. This strategy focuses on creating an institution with expanded access to dental services, thus facilitating the long-term treatment inherent in modern cleft care. One clinic in a developing country that has experienced successful transitioning from a mission site to an independent craniofacial clinic is Operation Smile's Cleft Comprehensive Care Clinic in Guwahati, India. This article will summarize the rationale and planning of the clinic, underscore the team-based approach required in longitudinal treatment of cleft lip and palate, and demonstrate how treatment methodology may differ in resource-limited settings by outlining the therapeutic considerations of each provider in the Guwahati Clinic.

Utilization of emergency services for non-traumatic dental disease.

PURPOSE: To identify and characterize children who utilize emergency dental services for non-traumatic dental disease. STUDY DESIGN: Caregivers of children under 12 years old who seek out emergency services for the treatment of non-traumatic dental disease will be surveyed regarding their child's current oral health status. Patient's clinical data will be obtained and they will be further followed for a period of 2 months to determine if they follow-up with recommendations for comprehensive dental care. RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-eight people participated in the study (97% response rate). Eighty-three percent of the children were diagnosed with dental caries. Seventy-four percent of patients of record presented with an emergency at least once before and 73% had a history of one or more broken appointments. Patients with a history of previous emergency visits (OR = 3.45, CI = 2.05, 5.81) or a history of missed appointments (OR = 2.21, CI = 1.42, 3.58) were significantly more likely to fail to return for comprehensive care (P < .01). CONCLUSION: This study shows that those who utilize emergency services more than once, or have a history of missed appointments are more likely to continue to utilize emergency dental services as their primary means for dental care.

Role of friendly bacteria in oral health - a short review.

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which, when administered in appropriate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. Although these organisms are naturally present in food and water, they can also be deliberately added to some foods because of their beneficial effects for human health. The potential application of probiotics for oral health has recently attracted the attention of several teams of researchers. However, only a few clinical studies have been conducted so far, and the results to date suggest that probiotics could be useful in preventing and treating oral infections, including dental caries, periodontal disease and halitosis. This article summarises the currently available data on the potential benefits of probiotics for oral health.

Medical problems and oral care of patients with Down syndrome: a literature review.

When planning the dental treatment of patients with Down syndrome (DS), dental practitioners should always consider their general health, in order to achieve a holistic and interdisciplinary approach. This article presents a literature review of the primary medical conditions in patients with DS that may affect their general health care and the appropriate clinical delivery of oral health care.

Effect of Er, Cr: YSGG laser irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the eradication of Enterococcus faecalis by high-power settings of Er, Cr:YSGG laser irradiation in root canals of extracted teeth. BACKGROUND DATA: The bacteria entering the root canal system invade dentinal tubules, resulting in persistent infections in root canals due to limited penetration of irrigation solutions into the dentinal tubules. The antibacterial effects of different lasers have been investigated in previous studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty newly extracted maxillary central incisors were enlarged chemomechanically and sterilized after removal of the smear layer. Root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis, and bacteria were incubated in root canals for 48 h. Samples were randomly divided into four groups, each containing 15 teeth. One group was considered as control with no intervention. Two groups were irradiated with 2- and 3-W output powers of Er, Cr:YSGG laser for 16 s. In the last group, the canals were irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 20 min. RESULTS: In the laser groups at 2- and 3-W powers, the number of bacteria was reduced 2.4% and 1.53%, respectively, compared with the controls. No significant differences were found between the two laser groups (p > 0.05). The canals irrigated with 1% NaOCl solution demonstrated no bacterial growth. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the present study, 2- and 3-W powers of Er, Cr:YSGG laser have antibacterial effects on E. faecalis in root canals of infected teeth; however, the effect is less remarkable than that of NaOCl solution.

Can chronic irritations of the trigeminal nerve cause musculoskeletal disorders?

In this article, five cases of odontogenous dysfunctions and musculoskeletal complaints are presented. A common finding in all patients of this study was that the presence of joint complaints was related to deficits in the corresponding muscular function. These deficits were determined by manual muscle tests as described by Kendall et al. [Muscles - Testing and Function, ed 4. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1993] and were eliminated immediately by a neural therapeutic test injection into the disturbed dental region. The therapy provided solely aimed to eliminate the odontogenous dysfunction. No other therapeutic measures were carried out with regard to the patients' respective muscle, tendon, or joint complaints.

Aplicación de Laserterapia en la hiperestesia dentinal / Application of laser therapy for the treatment of dentinal hyperesthesia

Se realizó un estudio experimental para evaluar la eficacia del láser de baja potencia combinada con barniz de flúor al 2 por ciento (Profilac) en el tratamiento de la Hiperestesia Dentinaria en pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Estomatológíca de Ciro Redondo en el periodo en el Octubre del 2007 a Enero del 2008. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 75 pacientes diagnosticados con hiperestesia dentinal en el periodo de tiempo antes mencionado, quedando conformada la muestra por aquellos 25 que cumplieron con los criterios preestablecidos para el estudio. Con la aplicación del láser combinado con Laca Flúor (Profilac), se observó una remisión del dolor que aumentó paulatinamente con las sesiones de tratamiento lográndose eliminar en casi la totalidad de los casos la sintomatología al finalizar el mismo, evaluándose el tratamiento de eficaz en el 100 por ciento de los casos. Solamente se encontró una recidiva al año de tratamiento(au)

An experimental study was carried out, to evaluate the effectiveness of the low - power laser combined with fluoride varnish to 2 percent Profilac in the treatment of the Dentinal Hyperesthesia in patients attended to in the Estomatology Clinic of Ciro Redondo in the period from October 2007 to January 2008. The universe of study was constituted by 75 patients diagnosed with dentinal hyperesthesia in the period of time indicated above, being conformed the sample by those 25 who fulfilled the pre-established criteria for the study. With the application of the laser combined with Lacquer Fluorine Profilac, a remission of the pain was observed that increased gradually with the treatment sessions, having been obtained to almost eliminate in the totality of the cases the group of symptoms when finalizing it, evaluating the treatment of effective in 100 percent of the cases. We only found a recidive after a year of treatment

Aplicación de Laserterapia en la hiperestesia dentinal / Application of laser therapy for the treatment of dentinal hyperesthesia

Se realizó un estudio experimental para evaluar la eficacia del láser de baja potencia combinada con barniz de flúor al 2 por ciento (Profilac) en el tratamiento de la Hiperestesia Dentinaria en pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Estomatológíca de Ciro Redondo en el periodo en el Octubre del 2007 a Enero del 2008. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 75 pacientes diagnosticados con hiperestesia dentinal en el periodo de tiempo antes mencionado, quedando conformada la muestra por aquellos 25 que cumplieron con los criterios preestablecidos para el estudio. Con la aplicación del láser combinado con Laca Flúor (Profilac), se observó una remisión del dolor que aumentó paulatinamente con las sesiones de tratamiento lográndose eliminar en casi la totalidad de los casos la sintomatología al finalizar el mismo, evaluándose el tratamiento de eficaz en el 100 por ciento de los casos. Solamente se encontró una recidiva al año de tratamiento.

An experimental study was carried out, to evaluate the effectiveness of the low - power laser combined with fluoride varnish to 2 percent Profilac in the treatment of the Dentinal Hyperesthesia in patients attended to in the Estomatology Clinic of Ciro Redondo in the period from October 2007 to January 2008. The universe of study was constituted by 75 patients diagnosed with dentinal hyperesthesia in the period of time indicated above, being conformed the sample by those 25 who fulfilled the pre-established criteria for the study. With the application of the laser combined with Lacquer Fluorine Profilac, a remission of the pain was observed that increased gradually with the treatment sessions, having been obtained to almost eliminate in the totality of the cases the group of symptoms when finalizing it, evaluating the treatment of effective in 100 percent of the cases. We only found a recidive after a year of treatment.

La ozonoterapia en estomatología / Ozonotherapy in Stomatology

La ozonoterapia consiste en el uso de un gas natural altamente inestable, que libera radicales libres O+ y moléculas de O2, de gran efectividad en múltiples dolencias humanas. Dado que las bacterias anaerobias, protozoos y hongos malviven en una atmósfera rica en oxígeno, todas las enfermedades causadas por estos agentes son potencialmente tratables con ozono. En este artículo se expone lo más actual sobre las propiedades y uso de la ozonoterapia, para profesionales que atienden a pacientes con afecciones estomatológicas(AU)

Ozonotherapy is a highly unstable natural gas that liberates free radicals O+ and O2 molecules, of great effectiveness in multiple human disorders. Since anaerobic bacteria, protozoos and fungae dissipate in an rich atmosphere of oxygen, all the diseases caused by these agents are potentially treated with ozone. In this article the most current topics on the properties and use of ozonotherapy, for professionals who assist patients with stomatologic disorders are exposed(AU)

La ozonoterapia en estomatología / Ozonotherapy in Stomatology

La ozonoterapia consiste en el uso de un gas natural altamente inestable, que libera radicales libres O+ y moléculas de O2, de gran efectividad en múltiples dolencias humanas. Dado que las bacterias anaerobias, protozoos y hongos malviven en una atmósfera rica en oxígeno, todas las enfermedades causadas por estos agentes son potencialmente tratables con ozono. En este artículo se expone lo más actual sobre las propiedades y uso de la ozonoterapia, para profesionales que atienden a pacientes con afecciones estomatológicas.

Ozonotherapy is a highly unstable natural gas that liberates free radicals O+ and O2 molecules, of great effectiveness in multiple human disorders. Since anaerobic bacteria, protozoos and fungae dissipate in an rich atmosphere of oxygen, all the diseases caused by these agents are potentially treated with ozone. In this article the most current topics on the properties and use of ozonotherapy, for professionals who assist patients with stomatologic disorders are exposed.

Dental and anaesthetic management of children with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

BACKGROUND: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetic disease associated with fragility and bullous lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. There are various patterns of inheritance and histopathology. The disease is associated with systemic and oral manifestations, among which may be dental decay necessitating oral rehabilitation. General anaesthesia is frequently required for oral rehabilitation in children with dystrophic EB. Paediatric dentists should be aware of the implications of dystrophic EB for dental and anaesthetic management. CASE REPORT: Two siblings with moderate to severe systemic and oral manifestations of dystrophic EB requiring extensive oral rehabilitation for rampant decay are described, including special anaesthetic techniques required for airway management and maintenance of skin integrity. CONCLUSION: Dystrophic EB is a rare genetic disorder in which vesiculobullous lesions occur with erosions and scarring of cutaneous and extracutaneous surfaces in the oral cavity. Poor oral hygiene results from efforts to avoid mucosal trauma, resulting in decay. The comprehensive care of children with dystrophic EB impacts not only dental management but anaesthesia administration as well.