RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Dermatophytosis is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair and nails caused by Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton dermatophytic species. Identification of causative dermatophytic species tend to vary with time and place and antifungal sensitivity is of epidemiological concern as well as significant for the treatment with precision at the current scenario of increasing antifungal resistance. The objectives was to study clinicomycological profile and antifungal sensitivity pattern of commonly used azoles in dermatophytosis. METHODS: The prospective analysis of 145 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis was conducted from January 2014 to January 2015 at Department of Dermatology of COMS, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. Cases were evaluated and data recorded as per proforma. Samples were collected for microscopy and culture from skin, hair and nail. Antifungal sensitivity pattern was evaluated by standard disk diffusion technique. RESULTS: Maximum numbers of cases with dermatophytosis were observed between June to September with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The youngest patient was 3 years and the oldest was 76 years. Tinea corporis (25.5%) was the dominant clnical type observed. Overall direct microscopy (KOH) positivity and culture positivity was 64.8% and 57.2% respectively. Predominant species of dermatophyte isolated was T. mentagrophyte (23.4%). Out of five antifungals used in our study, fluconazole and ketoconazole were found 100% resistant. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted the increasing resistance of the antifungals, which is responsible for the treatment failure in dermatophye infections.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Epidermophyton/efectos de los fármacos , Microsporum/efectos de los fármacos , Tiña/microbiología , Trichophyton/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Clotrimazol/farmacología , Epidermophyton/fisiología , Femenino , Fluconazol/farmacología , Humanos , Itraconazol/farmacología , Cetoconazol/farmacología , Masculino , Miconazol/farmacología , Microsporum/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Trichophyton/fisiología , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Epidermophyton/efectos de los fármacos , Dermatosis del Pie/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatosis de la Mano/tratamiento farmacológico , Microsporum/efectos de los fármacos , Onicomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Trichophyton/efectos de los fármacos , Administración Oral , Administración Tópica , Factores de Edad , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Reservorios de Enfermedades/microbiología , Esquema de Medicación , Epidermophyton/crecimiento & desarrollo , Epidermophyton/fisiología , Dermatosis del Pie/epidemiología , Dermatosis del Pie/microbiología , Dermatosis del Pie/prevención & control , Dermatosis de la Mano/epidemiología , Dermatosis de la Mano/microbiología , Dermatosis de la Mano/prevención & control , Humanos , Incidencia , Microsporum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Microsporum/fisiología , Onicomicosis/epidemiología , Onicomicosis/microbiología , Onicomicosis/prevención & control , Prevalencia , Recurrencia , Factores de Riesgo , Esporas Fúngicas/efectos de los fármacos , Esporas Fúngicas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Esporas Fúngicas/fisiología , Trichophyton/crecimiento & desarrollo , Trichophyton/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess antifungal activity of Ocimum sanctum leaves against dermatophytic fungi. METHODS: Antifungal activity of Ocimum sanctum leaves was measured by 38 A NCCLS method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of various extracts and fractions of Ocimum sanctum leaves were also determined. RESULTS: Ocimum sanctum leaves possessed antifungal activity against clinically isolated dermatophytes at the concentration of 200 µg/mL. MIC and MFC were high with water fraction (200 µg/mL) against dermatophytic fungi used. CONCLUSIONS: Ocimum sanctum has antifungal activity, and the leaf extracts may be a useful source for dermatophytic infections.