RESUMEN
In this study, we compared the impact of administration of size-calibrated lipid emulsions prepared with either synthetic or natural emulsifiers on the post-absorptive plasma triacylglycerol responses in rats. We did this using four types of size-calibrated (10 µm diameter) and metastable (3 days) emulsions with 20% of an oleic acid-rich sunflower oil and 1% of either synthetic emulsifiers (Tween 80 or sodium 2-stearoyl-lactylate) or two proteins (ß-lactoglobulin or sodium caseinate). An oral fat tolerance test was performed in fasted rats by oral administration of each of these formulations in continuous or emulsified forms. Kinetic parameters (AUC0-inf., AUC0-6h, Cmax, Tmax, and T1/2) for the description of the plasma triacylglycerol responses were calculated. AUC0-6h and AUC0-inf. calculated for the protein groups were significantly lower than those of the control and the synthetic groups. These lower values were associated with significant decreases in the Cmax, exacerbated by the emulsion form and with marked decreases in the Tmax as compared to the control group. T1/2 values were differentially affected by the lipid administration forms and by the nature of the emulsifiers. As compared with the control group, T1/2 was largely increased in the sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate group, but on the contrary, largely lowered in the casein group. We concluded that the use of proteins as natural emulsifiers in lipid emulsions decreased the magnitude of post-prandial triacylglycerolemia for the same amount of ingested lipids, when the emulsion size is controlled for. Proteins could be a promising alternative to the widespread use of synthetic emulsifiers in the food industry.
Asunto(s)
Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Proteínas en la Dieta/química , Emulsionantes/química , Aditivos Alimentarios/química , Hipertrigliceridemia/prevención & control , Ácido Oléico/administración & dosificación , Aceite de Girasol/administración & dosificación , Animales , Área Bajo la Curva , Caseínas/efectos adversos , Caseínas/química , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/efectos adversos , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/metabolismo , Proteínas en la Dieta/efectos adversos , Digestión , Emulsionantes/efectos adversos , Emulsiones , Aditivos Alimentarios/efectos adversos , Semivida , Hipertrigliceridemia/sangre , Hipertrigliceridemia/etiología , Absorción Intestinal , Lactoglobulinas/efectos adversos , Lactoglobulinas/química , Masculino , Ácido Oléico/efectos adversos , Ácido Oléico/química , Ácido Oléico/metabolismo , Tamaño de la Partícula , Polisorbatos/efectos adversos , Polisorbatos/química , Periodo Posprandial , Ratas Wistar , Estearatos/efectos adversos , Estearatos/química , Aceite de Girasol/efectos adversos , Aceite de Girasol/química , Aceite de Girasol/metabolismo , Triglicéridos/sangreRESUMEN
Saussurea lappa (SL) has been reported for its antioxidant and anti-ageing properties. Due to this reason it can be incorporated in a stable phytoformulations for cosmetic use. The objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-aging potential of cosmetic o/w emulsion containing the botanical extract of SL. An emulsion (o/w) was prepared using TEGO® Care 450 (Polyglceryl-3-Methyl Glucose Distearate) emulsifier and final emulsion was loaded with 4 % extract of SL in aqueous phase. This emulsion evaluated for its antioxidant and anti-ageing properties on healthy human subjects using a non-invasive technique called surface evaluation of living skin (SELS). The formulation containing SL extract showed significant (p<0.05) changes in Skin roughness (SEr) as -3.13%, -6.26%, -9.39%; Skin Scaliness (SEsc) as - 4.19%, -8.39%, -12.58%; Skin wrinkles (SEw) as -0.5%, -1.08%, -1.63%; and Skin smoothness (SEsm) as 3.28%, 6.57%, 9.85%, respectively, after 30, 60 and 90 days of continous use. Topical application of the cosmetic cream containing SL extract exerts have a significant anti-aging effects, perhaps due to the presence of Kaempferol, gallic acid, Caffeic acid and other essential phenolics.
Asunto(s)
Emulsionantes/administración & dosificación , Fitoquímicos/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Saussurea/química , Envejecimiento de la Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Crema para la Piel/administración & dosificación , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Estearatos/administración & dosificación , Administración Cutánea , Adulto , Emulsionantes/efectos adversos , Emulsiones , Humanos , Masculino , Pakistán , Fitoquímicos/efectos adversos , Extractos Vegetales/efectos adversos , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Raíces de Plantas/química , Método Simple Ciego , Piel/patología , Crema para la Piel/efectos adversos , Estearatos/efectos adversos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
In 570 patients an examination of the subarachnoideal space was performed. In 77 of them oily contrast media, in 93 oxygen and in the remaining 400 patients different water-soluble contrast media were used, including Conray 60, Dimer X and Amipaque. Neurotoxic spinal complications occurred in 12 of the 400 patients investigated with hydrosoluble agents (i.e. in 3%). In one of them after investigation with Dimer X, intense cramps in the lower extremities caused a fracture of the femoral neck within a few hours after the investigation. In another patient, investigated with Amipaque, a psychotic reaction with amentia and paranoid symptoms developed, which disappeared completely after 4 days.