RESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Traditionally, the roots of Angelica reflexa B.Y.Lee (AR) have been used to treat cough, phlegm, neuralgia, and arthralgia in Northeast Asia. AIM OF THE STUDY: The anti-asthmatic effect of AR root extract (ARE) was determined using a murine airway allergic inflammation model and the primary T cell polarization assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the anti-asthmatic effect of ARE, inflammatory cell infiltration was determined histologically and inflammatory mediators were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the effects of AREs on Th2 cell differentiation and activation were determined by western blotting and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Asthmatic phenotypes were alleviated by ARE treatment, which reduced mucus production, inflammatory cell infiltration (especially eosinophilia), and type 2 cytokine levels in BALF. ARE administration to mice reduced the number of activated Th2 (CD4+CD25+) cells and level of GATA3 in the lungs. Furthermore, ARE treatment inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells in primary cell culture systems via interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) signaling. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the anti-asthmatic effect of AREs is mediated by the reduction in Th2 cell activation by regulating IRF4.
Asunto(s)
Angelica/química , Antiasmáticos/farmacología , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Neumonía/tratamiento farmacológico , Células Th2/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antiasmáticos/química , Antiasmáticos/uso terapéutico , Asma/inducido químicamente , Asma/inmunología , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar/inmunología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Femenino , Factor de Transcripción GATA3/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Transcripción GATA3/metabolismo , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Factores Reguladores del Interferón/efectos de los fármacos , Factores Reguladores del Interferón/metabolismo , Activación de Linfocitos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ovalbúmina/toxicidad , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Raíces de Plantas/química , Neumonía/inducido químicamente , Neumonía/metabolismo , Neumonía/patología , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/inducido químicamente , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Células RAW 264.7 , Células Th2/inmunologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger supplementation on the expression of some immunity and inflammation intermediate genes in patients who suffer from RA. METHODS: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, seventy active RA patients were allocated randomly into two groups who either received 1500â¯mg ginger powder or placebo daily for 12â¯weeks. Disease activity score and gene expression of NF-κB, PPAR-γ, FoxP3, T-bet, GATA-3, and RORγt as immunity and inflammation intermediate factors were measured using quantitative real-time PCR before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After the intervention, FoxP3 genes expression increased significantly within ginger group and between the two groups (P-valueâ¯=â¯0.02). Besides, T-bet and RORγt genes expression decreased significantly between the two groups (P-valueâ¯<â¯0.05). In ginger group, PPAR-γ genes expression increased significantly (P-valueâ¯=â¯0.047) but the difference between the two groups wasn't statistically significant (P-valueâ¯=â¯0.12). The reduction in disease activity score was statistically significant within ginger group and between the two groups after the intervention. CONCLUSION: It seems that ginger can improve RA by decreasing disease manifestations via increasing FoxP3 genes expression and by decreasing RORγt and T-bet genes expression.