RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Nonunion of femoral shaft fractures in children is rare, and there is no clear treatment protocol. In this case report, a pediatric femoral shaft fracture that developed in nonunion due to vitamin deficiency after osteosynthesis, which was successfully treated with vitamin augmentation and replacement with a rigid antegrade intramedullary nail, is described. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is an 11-year-old Japanese girl. She injured her right femoral shaft fracture when she hit a wall after kickboarding down a hill and underwent osteosynthesis with a titanium elastic nail. Six months postoperatively, she developed nonunion, was found to be deficient in vitamins D and K, and was started on vitamin supplementation. She underwent replacement with a rigid antegrade intramedullary nail at 7 months postoperatively, and bone union was achieved 3 months after reoperation. CONCLUSION: When delayed union of a fracture is observed postoperatively, even in children without underlying disease, the cause of the problem must be investigated and treated promptly.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Hipopotasemia , Femenino , Humanos , Niño , Reoperación/métodos , Vitamina D/uso terapéutico , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas/métodos , Clavos Ortopédicos , Curación de Fractura , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Vitaminas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective: Failure of bone healing after intramedullary nailing (IMN) of a femoral diaphyseal fracture is an uncommon condition, which can cause obvious pain symptoms and seriously affect the daily life of patients. Ununion of femoral fracture requires treatment to promote successful bone union. Augmentative plating (AP) has yielded good results in treating femoral nonunion after IMN. However, there are few large cohort studies and no technical standard for this treatment. To determine (1) the proportion of individuals with femoral nonunion after IMN who achieved radiographic signs of osseous union following the additional treatment of AP and autogenous bone grafting and (2) the factors associated with the failure of this treatment. Methods: Nonunion after IMN fixation is defined as an unhealed fracture with no radiographic signs of osseous union at least six months after IMN treatment. Osseous union as bridging bone on three of four cortices with the absence of a radiolucent line. Between January 2011 and January 2022, 83 individuals diagnosed with femoral nonunion after IMN fixation underwent AP and an autogenous bone graft. Results: Seventy-six of the 83 nonunion individuals attained osseous union by 12 months. Six of 36 (16.7%) subjects with mono-cortical plates had non-union. Conversely, one of 47 subjects (2%) with bi-cortical plates had non-union. There were 18 individuals whose AP had ≤6 cortices. Five of these 18 (38.5%) individuals had non-union. Two of 65 with an AP of >6 cortices had non-union. AP with ≤ 6 cortices was a major risk factor for the likelihood of unsuccessful procedures compared to AP with > 6 cortices. Three individuals experienced incision infection at the bone graft harvest site and were treated with local wound care. Conclusions: A high proportion of individuals with femoral nonunion after IMN fixation were salvaged by AP and an autogenous bone graft. Bi-cortical plate and screw intersection of more than six cortices may increase the treatment effectiveness. Limitations: There were limitations of this study. First, it was a retrospective study over a 10-year period, and the patients were treated by different orthopedic surgeons. Second, lack of functional evaluation is another limitation of the present work. Generalizability: The technique of bi-cortical plate and screw intersection of more than six cortices is not difficult for experienced orthopedic surgeons, and no special surgical tools is required. Closing Statement: Many literature has confirmed the good effect of APP technology in treating femoral nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation, but there are still cases of failure. Our study may enable this technology to achieve better therapeutic effects.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Fracturas no Consolidadas , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Clavos Ortopédicos , Placas Óseas , Fracturas no Consolidadas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas no Consolidadas/cirugía , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugíaRESUMEN
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of senile femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) internal fixation to those treated with prosthetic femoral head replacement. Methods: A total of 100 elderly patients suffering from femoral intertrochanteric fracture were selected for the study. They were divided into two groups (n = 50 in each group) based on fracture condition and preferred treatment. We compared perioperative indexes, complications, Soluble cell adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1), and TGF-1 levels, and assessed hip function using the Harris hip score (Harris) at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery in two groups of patients. Results: Although the study group had shorter operating times and less intraoperative bleeding than the control group (P < .05), they had longer hospital stays and required more time before returning to full weight-bearing after surgery (P < .05). Neither group had a higher or lower rate of problems than the other (P > .05). Patients' sICAM-1 and TGF-1 levels were not significantly different from one another before surgery (P > .05), but after surgery, the sICAM-1 level in the control group was lower than that in the study group, and the TGF-1 level was higher than that in the study group (P < .05). Conclusion: PFNA internal fixation treatment offers the advantages of short operation time and low intraoperative bleeding, ensuring surgical safety. However, it requires a longer bed rest time post-operation and extended full weight-bearing time, although long-term hip recovery is preferable.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Fracturas de Cadera , Humanos , Anciano , Cabeza Femoral , Clavos Ortopédicos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas de Cadera/cirugíaRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the application value and safety of elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) in pediatric femoral fractures (FFs), providing more reliable safety for the treatment of FFs in the future. Methods: This study selected 60 cases of pediatric FFs who completed fracture treatment in our hospital between March 2014 and January 2023, with 32 cases undergoing ESIN fixation included in the research group (RG) and another 28 cases receiving plate internal fixation assigned to the control group (CG). The operative time (OT), intraoperative blood loss (IBL), incision length, fracture healing time, fixator removal time, weight-bearing time, and hospital length of stay (HLOS) of the two groups were counted, and the pain of the children was evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The clinical efficacy and complication rate were recorded, and the hip and knee functions before and after treatment were evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score. After the completion of treatment, the child's family was surveyed about their satisfaction with the treatment. Results: The research group had less OT, IBL, and incision length, as well as shorter fracture healing time, fixator removal time, weight-bearing time, and HLOS than the control group (P < .05), with markedly lower VAS scores at 12h-48h postoperatively (P < .05). In addition, the research group demonstrated an obviously higher overall response rate (96.88%) and a lower complication rate (15.63%) than the control group (P < .05). Furthermore, HSS scores and treatment satisfaction were higher in the research group than in the control group (P < .05). Conclusions: ESIN is a highly effective treatment for pediatric femoral fractures, leading to accelerated fracture healing, improved mobility, and exhibiting high clinical application value.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Niño , Humanos , Curación de Fractura/fisiología , Clavos Ortopédicos , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective: To compare and analyze the effects of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) and femoral head replacement in treating elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures from February 2019 to February 2021 in the hospital. Patients were divided into a control group (PFNA) and a study group (femoral head replacement) based on surgical methods after propensity score matching. Perioperative indicators, hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), hip function, and complications one year after surgery were compared between the two groups after excluding confounding factors. Result: Both groups had complete follow-ups without any cases lost. The study group had longer surgical time, higher intraoperative blood loss, and greater postoperative drainage volume compared to the control group, while the hospital stay and weight-bearing starting time were shorter in the study group (P < .05). There were statistically significant differences in HCT and Hb after surgery between the two groups (P < .05). One year after surgery, the excellent and good rate of hip function was 90.28% in the study group and 76.39% in the control group (P < .05). The total incidence rate of postoperative early complications was higher in the study group, while the total incidence rate of late postoperative complications was lower in the study group compared to the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: PFNA and femoral head replacement have their respective advantages in treating elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures. PFNA causes less trauma to patients but has poorer postoperative hip function recovery, while femoral head replacement causes greater trauma to patients but has better postoperative hip function recovery. Therefore, the appropriate surgical method can be selected based on the patient's specific conditions.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Fracturas de Cadera , Humanos , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Cabeza Femoral , Clavos Ortopédicos , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fracturas de Cadera/cirugía , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of treatment of Müller A fracture of distal femur with small incision internal fixation assisted by homeopathic bidirectional-traction reduction device. METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2019, 22 patients (14 males and 8 females) with Müller type A distal femoral fractures were treated with homeopathic bidirectional-traction assisted reduction and minimally invasive small incision locking plate internal fixation;The age ranged from 29 to 58 years old with an average of (41.23±7.03) years. The time from injury to operation was 1 to 7 days with an average of (3.41±1.71) days. According to Müller classification, there were 4 cases of type A1, 10 cases of type A2, and 8 cases of type A3. The postoperative knee joint function was evaluated by Schatzker Lambert fracture criterion of distal femur. RESULTS: All the incisions healed in one stage without infection, osteomyelitis and other complications. All the fractures healed without malunion and nonunion. All of 22 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.50±2.02) months. The healing time was 3 to 6 months with an average of (4.64±1.14) months. According to Schatzker Lambert criteria for distal femoral fracture, 12 cases were excellent, 6 good, and 4 medium. CONCLUSION: It is an ideal method to treat Müller type A fracture of distal femur with homeopathic bidirectional-traction assisted reduction device and minimally invasive small incision locking plate internal fixation.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas Femorales Distales , Fracturas del Fémur , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Tracción , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Placas ÓseasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of treatment of Müller A fracture of distal femur with small incision internal fixation assisted by homeopathic bidirectional-traction reduction device.@*METHODS@#From January 2018 to December 2019, 22 patients (14 males and 8 females) with Müller type A distal femoral fractures were treated with homeopathic bidirectional-traction assisted reduction and minimally invasive small incision locking plate internal fixation;The age ranged from 29 to 58 years old with an average of (41.23±7.03) years. The time from injury to operation was 1 to 7 days with an average of (3.41±1.71) days. According to Müller classification, there were 4 cases of type A1, 10 cases of type A2, and 8 cases of type A3. The postoperative knee joint function was evaluated by Schatzker Lambert fracture criterion of distal femur.@*RESULTS@#All the incisions healed in one stage without infection, osteomyelitis and other complications. All the fractures healed without malunion and nonunion. All of 22 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.50±2.02) months. The healing time was 3 to 6 months with an average of (4.64±1.14) months. According to Schatzker Lambert criteria for distal femoral fracture, 12 cases were excellent, 6 good, and 4 medium.@*CONCLUSION@#It is an ideal method to treat Müller type A fracture of distal femur with homeopathic bidirectional-traction assisted reduction device and minimally invasive small incision locking plate internal fixation.
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas Femorales Distales , Tracción , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Placas ÓseasRESUMEN
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is consequence of anesthesia and surgery that primarily affects older people. The prevention and treatment of POCD has drawn an increasing attention in recent decades. Here, we established the animal model mimicked POCD after femoral fracture surgery, and analyze the effect of acupuncture stimulation on postoperative cognitive function after femoral fracture surgery. Compared with the mock group, the cognitive function performance was significantly decreased both in the anaesthesia group and the surgery group, between which the symptoms were more severe in the surgery group. The peripheral inflammation response and the neuron impairment and inflammation response in the hippocampus were observed in the surgery group, but only peripheral inflammation response was detected in the anaesthesia group. These findings indicated the POCD was the synergistic outcome of anaesthesia and surgical stimulation but with different pathogenic mechanism. The surgery with mental tri-needles (surgery+MTN) group outperformed the surgery group in terms of cognitive function performance. The peripheral inflammation response and the neuron impairment and inflammation response in the hippocampus was significantly reduced by the electroacupuncture stimulation. Our findings indicated the protection of electroacupuncture form POCD after femoral fracture surgery is related to the inhibition of inflammation response and neuron impairment.
Asunto(s)
Electroacupuntura , Fracturas del Fémur , Complicaciones Cognitivas Postoperatorias , Animales , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Hipocampo , Humanos , Inflamación/terapia , Neuronas , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/terapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND Kinesiology tape indications of use include pain mitigation, neurosensory input, and promotion of circulation. Current evidence suggests that residual functional limitations following intramedullary nailing of the femoral shaft may be due to soft tissue injury and compromise. This retrospective study from a single center aimed to compare the effects of kinesiology taping on edema of the lower limb in 14 patients following intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fracture. MATERIAL AND METHODS The randomized control trial design consisting of 2 groups totaling 14 patients. The intervention group (n=7) received standard therapy and kinesiology tape decompression/fan application. The control group (n=7) received standard therapy with no kinesiology tape. Outcome measures included limb girth tape measurements, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, involved knee ROM goniometry, and Timed Up and Go (TUG). RESULTS Results of this study showed there was a decrease in limb volume in the control group and an increase in limb volume in the intervention group. Both groups had improvements in TUG scores. The only statistically significant finding was among the control group, which had a decrease of 1.6 in mean VAS score before and after IM nailing (P=0.010). CONCLUSIONS In this study from a single center, kinesiology tape in patients with intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fracture did not significantly reduce the volume of the lower limb, reduce pain, or improve postoperative mobility. The only significant improvement from the use of kinesiology tape was improved active knee extension due to improvement in quadriceps force.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Clavos Ortopédicos , Edema , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas/métodos , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos Omega-3 , Fracturas del Fémur , Embolia Pulmonar , Trombosis de la Vena , Anciano , Método Doble Ciego , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Humanos , Embolia Pulmonar/epidemiología , Embolia Pulmonar/etiología , Embolia Pulmonar/prevención & control , Trombosis de la Vena/epidemiología , Trombosis de la Vena/etiología , Trombosis de la Vena/prevención & controlRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral fractures are a major socioeconomic burden and they occur mainly in geriatric patients. High mortality and complication rates are reported. To reduce the mortality and morbidity of these patients, co-management with geriatricians has been recommended. Most previous studies have focused on relatively comprehensive care models. Models with only a few additions to the usual care have not been extensively evaluated. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included all patients aged ≥70 years (mean age: 84.5 ± 7.1 years, 70% women) with an isolated proximal femoral fracture treated surgically in our institution from May 2018 to October 2019. In the first 9 months, patients were treated with the usual care (control group, n = 103). In the second 9 months, patients were treated with our multidisciplinary care model (intervention group, n = 104), which included the usual care, plus: (1) one multidisciplinary ward round per week and (2) one "elective" operation slot per day reserved for proximal femoral fractures. Baseline characteristics and outcome measures of the hospital stay were extracted from electronic health records. A 3-month follow-up was conducted by phone. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). The hospital stay was shorter in the intervention group than in the control group (7.8 ± 4.3 vs. 9.1 ± 4.5; p = 0.022). The intervention reduced the waiting time for surgery by more than 10 h (intervention: 25.4 ± 24.5 vs. control: 35.8 ± 34.1 h; p = 0.013). A structured phone interview was not performed in 30.9% of the cases. The model reduced the overall dissatisfaction rate by more than half (12.9% vs. 32.4%; p = 0.008). On the other hand, the groups had similar perioperative complication rates (25% vs. 24.3%; p > 0.9999) and mortality (4.8% vs. 3.9%; p > 0.9999) and they remained similar at the 3-month follow-up (complications: 20.3% vs. 17.6% p = 0.831, mortality: 18.2% vs. 15.0% p = 0.573). CONCLUSION: We found that two additions to the usual proximal femoral fracture regimen could significantly improve the overall satisfaction rate, reduce the length of hospital stay and shorten the waiting time for surgery. In contrast to previous studies, we observed no significant improvements in complication or mortality rates. Further changes in the standard care might be needed for this purpose.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur/mortalidad , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Geriatría , Alemania , Humanos , Masculino , Ortopedia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tiempo de Tratamiento , Centros TraumatológicosRESUMEN
AIM: We examined the management and outcome of patients suffering complex paediatric lower limb injuries with bone and soft tissue loss. METHOD: Patients were identified from our prospective trauma database (2013-2018). Inclusion criteria were age (<18 years) and open lower-limb trauma. We assessed severity of soft tissue and/or bone loss, fracture complexity, surgical techniques and time to surgery. Paediatric quality of life and psychological trauma impact scores (HRQOL and CRIES), Ganga Hospital Injury Severity score (GHISS), union and complication rates were measured. RESULTS: We identified 32 patients aged between 4 and 17 years. Twenty-nine patients had open tibia fractures including 14 patients with bone loss, one patient had an open femur fracture, one patient an open talus fracture and one an open ankle fracture with dorsal degloving. Thirty injuries were classified intra-operatively as Gustilo IIIB (or equivalent) and two injuries as Gustilo IIIC. In 10 patients primary skin closure was achieved by acute shortening following segmental bone loss. Twenty-two patients required soft tissue coverage: 17 free vascularised flaps, two fascio-cutaneous flaps and three split skin grafts were used. Two patients required vascular repair. Soft tissue coverage was achieved within 72 hours in 26 patients (81%) and within a week in 30 patients (94%). The surgical techniques applied were: circular fine wire frame (19), monolateral external fixator (4) and open reduction internal fixation (8). Median follow up time was 18 (7-65) months. Paediatric quality of life scores were available in 30 patients (91%) with a median total score of 77.2 out of 100. The psychological trauma impact scores showed one in three patients was at risk of developing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD). The GHISS scores ranged from 6-13. All fractures went on to unite over a median time of 3.8 (2-10) months. Three patients (9%) had major complications; two flap failures requiring revision, one femur non-union requiring revision fixation. CONCLUSION: Limb salvage and timely fracture union is possible in children with complex lower limb trauma. Early intervention providing adequate debridement, skeletal stabilisation and early soft-tissue cover including the option of free microvascular reconstruction in small children when required, delivers acceptable outcomes. A multidisciplinary team approach including clinical psychologists to address the psychological impact of trauma provides optimal holistic care for these children and adolescents. Therefore, treatment for these patients should only be performed in paediatric major trauma centres.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas de Tobillo/cirugía , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fijación de Fractura/métodos , Fracturas Abiertas/cirugía , Recuperación del Miembro/métodos , Fracturas de la Tibia/cirugía , Adolescente , Fracturas de Tobillo/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Preescolar , Desbridamiento , Fijadores Externos/efectos adversos , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fijación de Fractura/efectos adversos , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/efectos adversos , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Curación de Fractura , Fracturas Abiertas/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/lesiones , Masculino , Radiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/etiología , Fracturas de la Tibia/diagnóstico por imagen , Centros Traumatológicos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy under local anesthesia and general anesthesia proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA) fixation for intertrochanteric fracture of femur in high risk patients. METHODS: From February 2018 to February 2019, 32 patients underwent PFNA operation due to intertrochanteric fracture of femur, including 16 patients undergoing PFNA operation under local anesthesia, 9 males and 7 females, aged 54 to 98 (82.43±9.30) years and hospitalized for (10.94±5.30) days;16 patients undergoing PFNA operation under general anesthesia, 6 males and 10 females, aged 51 to 83 (72.69±9.48) years and hospitalized for (12.88±4.12) days. The patients' gender, age, fracture AO classification, preoperative VAS (visual analogue score), preoperative ASA condition grade, postoperative 1st day resting state VAS, hospitalization cost and length of stay were recorded. RESULTS: All patients recovered well, the wound healed well, and the ability of lower limb activity was restored. The average follow-up time was 4.6 months. There was significant difference in age between two groups (P< 0.05);there was no significant difference in sex ratio, AO classification of fracture and VAS before operation (P>0.05). There was no significant difference on ASA between two groups (P>0.05), but there was significant difference on ASA≥grade â ¢ between two groups (P<0.05). In local anesthesia group, VAS pain score was 4.19±1.50, which was tolerable. There was no significant difference in postoperative 1st day resting state VAS, average hospitalization cost and average length of stay between two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Under the multi-disciplinary diagnosisand treatment mode, the method of PFNA operation is safe and feasible, the patients with local anesthesia are older, and the proportion of patients with ASA≥grade â ¢ is higher, which is better for some elderly high-risk patients than general anesthesia.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anestesia Local , Clavos Ortopédicos , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Abstract Purpose To evaluate different concentrations of ciprofloxacin to prevent infection after open fracture contaminated with S. aureus in rats using absorbable local delivery system. Methods Fifty-two Wistar rats were assigned to six groups. After 4 weeks, all animals underwent 99mTc-ceftizoxima scintigraphy evaluation, callus formation measurement and histological analysis. ANOVA, t-Student and Kruskal Wallis were used for quantitative variables statistical analysis, whereas qui square and exact Fisher were used for qualitative variables. Results Treatment using 25% and 50% of ciprofloxacin incorporated at the fracture fixation device were effective in preventing bone infection compared to control group (p<0.05). Chitosan were not effective in preventing bone infection when used alone compared to control group (p>0.05). Histological findings demonstrated bone-healing delay with 50% of ciprofloxacin. No difference in callus formation were observed (p>0.05). Conclusion Local delivery treatment for contaminated open fracture using chitosan with ciprofloxacin is effective above 25%.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Ratas , Ciprofloxacina , Control de Infecciones , Curación de Fractura , Quitosano/uso terapéutico , Fracturas del Fémur/complicaciones , Staphylococcus aureus , Callo Óseo , Ratas Wistar , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas Abiertas , InfeccionesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: About one third of all patients with proximal femur fractures take oral anticoagulation like aspirin (ASS), direct platelet aggregation inhibitors like Clopidogrel and Ticagrelor (PAI), vitamin-K-antagonists like Warfarin (VKA) and direct oral anticoagulants like Rivaroxaban, Dabigatran and Apixaban (DOAC). The management and timing of fracture stabilization of these patients is a rising challenge in orthopedic trauma. Our objective was to determine the effect of oral anticoagulation on patients with proximal femur fractures, which received a proximal femur nail antirotation (PFNA) within 24 h after trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 327 patients (mean age 80 ± 13 years; 223 women and 104 men) with sub- or intertrochanteric fractures between January 2013 and December 2017 was performed. All patients underwent surgery in the first 24 h after admission. Solely patients without or with only one type of oral anticoagulation were included. There were 74 patients with ASS, 30 with PAI, 52 with DOAC and 25 with VKA medication. All patients taking VKA received high dose Vitamin K or coagulation factors to normalize INR prior to surgery. Primary outcome measures were transfusion rate and pre- and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) difference. Secondary outcome measures were mortality and complications like infection, hematoma and acute cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Patients undergoing treatment with DOAC had a 3.4-fold increased risk for intraoperative blood transfusion. The risk for blood transfusion for patients taking ASS, PAI or VKA did no differ from the control group. Patients without an intraoperative blood transfusion on oral anticoagulation showed no increase in pre- and postoperative Hb-difference compared with controls. Anticoagulation showed no significant effect on complication rates and mortality in patients operated within the first 24 h. CONCLUSION: Early surgical care of proximal femur fractures is safe even in patients with anticoagulant medication. All patients should be preoperatively prepared for possibly intraoperative transfusion, especially patients on DOAC.
Asunto(s)
Anticoagulantes/efectos adversos , Antifibrinolíticos/administración & dosificación , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/prevención & control , Cuidados Preoperatorios/métodos , Vitamina K/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The authors describe in a clinical case series (nâ¯= 7) of older (age 78-95 years) high-risk patients the successful surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures in a peripheral regional anesthesia technique. After positioning on the non-fractured side, a double injection technique (dual guidance concept: sonography plus nerve stimulation) was chosen. The injections were performed parasacrally (blockade of the sacral plexus under the piriformis muscle) and lumbar-paravertebrally (psoas compartment block and transmuscular quadratus lumborum block). Per block 15â¯ml ropivacaine 0.5% or 20â¯ml ropivacaine 0.375% was administered. The total dose of 225â¯mg ropivacaine was never exceeded. In 5 out of 7 cases a supplemental medication with 2 times 5⯵g sufentanil (nâ¯= 2) and/or 1-1.5â¯mg/kg body weight and h propofol (nâ¯= 4) was administered with spontaneous breathing. In addition to potential benefits, the authors also discuss limitations of the procedure, for example by the use of oral anticoagulants.
Asunto(s)
Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Locales/uso terapéutico , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Bloqueo Nervioso/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Ropivacaína/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The aim of the present study is to develop novel approach for the green synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using Eichhornia crassipes extract and calcined at different temperatures for evaluate the wound healing activity in the femoral fracture. The synthesized TiO2 are formed different (plate and rod-like) nanostructures at various calcination temperatures. These samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Microscopic studies of TiO2 NPs revealed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs are formed well-defined rod-like structures at 400⯰C with size ranged from 200â¯nm to 500â¯nm. The characterized plate and rod-like TiO2 NPs are combined with human morphogenetic protein (HbMP) to improving its wound healing activity and osteoblast properties on femoral fractures. The biocompatibility was tested by using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) cells and antibacterial efficacy analyzed using human pathogenica bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli through agar well diffusion assay. The green synthesized rod-like TiO2 NPs combined with HbMP has been exhibited effective bone fusion behaviors with biomechanical properties and also improved antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. From this study results, it is suggested that green synthesized TiO2NPs could be used effectively in biomedical application.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Morfogenéticas Óseas/farmacología , Proteínas Morfogenéticas Óseas/uso terapéutico , Fracturas del Fémur/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Extractos Vegetales , Titanio/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/síntesis química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Células Cultivadas , Escherichia coli , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Humanos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas del Metal/uso terapéutico , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Temperatura , Titanio/químicaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a re-evaluation of current strategies for peri-operative prophylaxis of infections in orthopaedic surgery of geriatric patients (≥65 years) with proximal femoral fractures (PFF). METHODS: Between 01/2010 and 08/2014 all post-operative infections after stabilization of PFF of 1,089 geriatric patients were recorded retrospectively. All patients pre-operatively received a single dose of 1.5 g cefuroxime (group 1). These were compared to prospectively determined post-operative rates of surgical site infection (SSI) of 441 geriatric patients, which were operated on between 09/2014 and 03/2017 due to PFF. In this second group we investigated the urinary tract on admission. Bacteriuria was treated with the pre-operative single dose of 1.5 g cefuroxime along with ciprofloxacin for five days, beginning on admission. Level of significance was set to p < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 141 patients of group 2 had a bacteriuria. Seventy-seven of these patients revealed biochemical signs of manifest urinary tract infection. Multi-resistant pathogens were found in 15 patients and pathogens were cefuroxime-resistant in 37. The differences of SSI after at least three months were 2.1% in group 1 and 0.45% in group 2 for all patients with surgery of PFF (p < 0.02) and for those with arthroplasty (p < 0.037) significant. CONCLUSIONS: The immediate antibiotic therapy of a prevalent bacteriuria for five days decreases the risk of SSI after surgery of PFF. Our single-centre study can only point out the problem of prevalent reservoirs of pathogens and the need for treatment. Evidence-based therapy concepts (indications of antibiotics, classes, duration) have to be developed in multi-centric and prospective studies.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Antibiótica/métodos , Bacteriuria/tratamiento farmacológico , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bacteriuria/complicaciones , Cefuroxima/uso terapéutico , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/efectos adversos , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/epidemiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/etiología , Orina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Trauma or surgical incision might cause Koebner phenomenon (KP) in patients with cutaneous diseases, but seldom studies reported KP induced by repeated orthopedic surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS: The 22-year-old man did not have any prior histories of cutaneous diseases. Two months after the revision surgery for nonunion of the left femoral shaft fracture, KP was noted by psoriasis presented at the surgical scar, left thigh, scalp, and trunk. Phototherapy and topical treatments were prescribed but the effect was limited. DIAGNOSIS: KP induced by failed revisional orthopedic surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Because of implant failure, he underwent the second revision surgery, which was performed on the previous scar surrounded and covered by psoriatic plaques. OUTCOMES: After the second revision surgery successfully corrected the orthopedic problem, the psoriatic lesion remitted along with the bone union. LESSONS: In a patient having KP, to perform an operation on psoriatic lesion sites was safe and the surgical wound could heal well. The most important to treat KP induced by orthopedic surgery might be the underlying bone stability.