RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare presentation in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). Rivaroxaban, an oral, selective, direct factor Xa inhibitor, has not been reported to be administrated for canine PVT and the effect is unclear in dogs with PLE. CASE PRESENTATION: An 11-year-old Yorkshire Terrier presented with moderate ascites. The dog had severe hypoalbuminemia (1.2 g/dL), and a portal vein thrombus was confirmed on computed tomographic angiography (CTA). On endoscopic examination, it became apparent that the hypoalbuminemia was caused by PLE, which was consequent of lymphatic dilation and lymphoplasmacytic enteritis. Therefore, the dog was initially treated with oral administrations of spironolactone and clopidogrel, with dietary fat restriction. However, a follow-up CTA showed no changes in the ascites, thrombus, and portal vein to aorta (PV/Ao) ratio. Therefore, the dog was additionally prescribed rivaroxaban and low-dose prednisolone for the portal vein thrombus and hypoalbuminemia due to lymphoplasmacytic enteritis, respectively. Following the treatment, the PV/Ao ratio decreased because of a decrease in the thrombus and the ascites disappeared completely with an elevation of albumin concentration (1.9 g/dL). CONCLUSIONS: This case report demonstrated that oral administration of rivaroxaban combined with low-dose glucocorticoid was effective management for PVT in a dog with PLE.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enteropatías Perdedoras de Proteínas/veterinaria , Rivaroxabán/uso terapéutico , Trombosis de la Vena/veterinaria , Administración Oral , Animales , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada/veterinaria , Perros , Inhibidores del Factor Xa/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores del Factor Xa/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Glucocorticoides/administración & dosificación , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Hipoalbuminemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoalbuminemia/veterinaria , Vena Porta/diagnóstico por imagen , Vena Porta/patología , Prednisolona/administración & dosificación , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Rivaroxabán/administración & dosificación , Trombosis de la Vena/diagnóstico por imagen , Trombosis de la Vena/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Two juvenile male Speke's gazelles (Gazella spekei) at the St. Louis Zoo showed poor body condition, slowed growth, hunched stance, rough hair coat, and profound hypophosphatemia. The first gazelle was treated with parenteral phosphorous supplements but continued to deteriorate clinically and was euthanatized. The second gazelle had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of 0 nmol/L and was treated with i.m. injections of vitamin D. It died shortly after starting therapy. The only significant necropsy finding was multiple rib fractures in various stages of healing. Hypovitaminosis D has been confirmed in multiple Speke's gazelles in this collection, indicating possible deficiencies in the diet or in the amount of ultraviolet light available to the gazelles.