RESUMEN
Six cases of fatal myocarditis associated with encephalomyocarditis virus occurred over a 14-month period in a group of outdoor-housed juvenile rhesus macaques. All animals were younger than 3 years of age and died or were euthanized following acute onset of dyspnea or pulmonary effusion (3 of 6) or were found dead without premonitory signs (3 of 6). Gross findings included pulmonary congestion (6 of 6), variable degrees of pleural effusion (4 of 6), multifocal pale tan foci throughout the myocardium (3 of 6), hepatomegaly and hepatic congestion (3 of 6), and pericardial effusion (1 of 6). Histologically, affected myocardium was infiltrated multifocally by lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic inflammation admixed with necrotic and degenerate myofibers and infrequent mineralization (6 of 6). Pulmonary edema was present in all animals. Encephalomyocarditis virus was confirmed in 6 of 6 hearts by immunohistochemistry, and virus was isolated from one case by polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing of virus isolated from 1 affected animal indicated infection with a novel encephalomyocarditis virus. Encephalomyocarditis virus should be considered as a differential etiology in outbreaks of myocarditis and pulmonary edema in juvenile primates.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Cardiovirus/veterinaria , Virus de la Encefalomiocarditis/aislamiento & purificación , Macaca mulatta , Enfermedades de los Monos/virología , Miocarditis/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones por Cardiovirus/patología , Infecciones por Cardiovirus/virología , Chlorocebus aethiops , ADN Complementario/química , ADN Complementario/genética , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Virus de la Encefalomiocarditis/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Monos/patología , Miocarditis/patología , Miocarditis/virología , Miocardio/patología , Miocardio/ultraestructura , Edema Pulmonar/patología , Edema Pulmonar/veterinaria , Edema Pulmonar/virología , ARN Viral/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Células VeroAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Cardiovirus/inmunología , Virus de la Encefalomiocarditis/fisiología , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Miocarditis/inmunología , Miocardio/inmunología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Animales , Infecciones por Cardiovirus/patología , Infecciones por Cardiovirus/virología , Corazón/virología , Inmunidad Innata , Interleucina-6/inmunología , Miocarditis/patología , Miocarditis/virología , Miocardio/patologíaRESUMEN
The effect of pretreatment with pidotimod ((R)-3-[(S)- (5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl)-carbonyl]-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, PGT/1A, CAS 121808-62-6) was evaluated in mice infected with two challenging doses of three different viruses. Mengovirus, Herpes simplex, influenza virus were used. The mice were treated 15 days before the virus challenge. The antiviral effect of pidotimod was evaluated as difference in survival time versus control groups challenged with viruses but not pretreated with pidotimod. In groups pretreated and challenged with the lower dose of each virus strain a statistically significant increase in survival time was observed. On the basis of the known effects of pidotimod on immune system, this effect is due to an immunostimulating effect of this drug.