RESUMEN
AIMS: Alcohol-related hangover symptoms: nausea, headache, stress and anxiety cause globally considerable amount of health problems and economic losses. Many of these harmful effects are produced by alcohol and its metabolite, acetaldehyde, which also is a common ingredient in alcohol beverages. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the amino acid L-cysteine on the alcohol/acetaldehyde related aftereffects. METHODS: Voluntary healthy participants were recruited through advertisements. Volunteers had to have experience of hangover and/or headache. The hangover study was randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled. Nineteen males randomly swallowed placebo and L-cysteine tablets. The alcohol dose was 1.5 g/kg, which was consumed during 3 h. RESULTS: The primary results based on correlational analysis showed that L-cysteine prevents or alleviates hangover, nausea, headache, stress and anxiety. For hangover, nausea and headache the results were apparent with the L-cysteine dose of 1200 mg and for stress and anxiety already with the dose of 600 mg. CONCLUSIONS: L-cysteine would reduce the need of drinking the next day with no or less hangover symptoms: nausea, headache, stress and anxiety. Altogether, these effects of L-cysteine are unique and seem to have a future in preventing or alleviating these harmful symptoms as well as reducing the risk of alcohol addiction.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación Alcohólica/tratamiento farmacológico , Ansiedad/tratamiento farmacológico , Cisteína/administración & dosificación , Cefalea/tratamiento farmacológico , Náusea/tratamiento farmacológico , Vitaminas/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Intoxicación Alcohólica/complicaciones , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/etiología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Método Doble Ciego , Cefalea/diagnóstico , Cefalea/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Náusea/diagnóstico , Náusea/etiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of hospitalizations due to alcohol intoxication (AI) at the Pediatric Health Center, and to attempt to identify factors contributing to the occurrence of intoxication in the population of children and adolescents. METHODS: Medical documentation of 227 patients hospitalized due to AI. 108 (48%) patients were girls and 119 (52%) patients were boys. The mean age of the study group was 14.9 years ±2.1. Data regarding patients, their families and the circumstances of intoxication underwent analysis. RESULTS: Alcohol intoxication constituted 2.8% of all hospitalizations. The number of hospitalizations between 2000 and 2011 showed an increasing tendency with some fluctuations within years. Spirits were predominant alcohol beverages. Over 10% of patients required a short-term hospital stay at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. In 13% of children, coexisting medicine or drug intoxication was observed and 10% of patients presented with alcohol-related injury to the head or extremities. Risky sexual behaviors were noted in 25% of girls. The majority of children were raised by two parents who had received primary education. Alcoholism was present in over 20% of the families. In single-parent families, fathers were more frequently absent and a lack of a regular source of income was more often related to mothers. CONCLUSIONS: There are no uniform standards of multi-specialist medical care for children hospitalized due to AI. Identification of children consuming alcohol is recommended. It should be done by primary physicians, pediatricians, teachers and psychologists. Minor patients hospitalized due to AI should be provided with a long-term and comprehensive care.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Nivel de Alcohol en Sangre , Niño Hospitalizado/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Intoxicación Alcohólica/sangre , Niño , Etanol/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Polonia , Medición de Riesgo , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
Although the benefits of sauna bathing have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies, sauna deaths have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and forensic characteristics associated with different blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) in sauna deaths in Korea. In this retrospective analysis, data were collected from a nationwide pool in Korea between January 2008 and December 2015 to determine the role of alcohol intoxication in sauna deaths based on the subjects' BAC and to evaluate the demographic and forensic characteristics associated with different BACs. One hundred and three deaths were classified into 2 groups: the non-intoxication (NI) group (BAC,<0.08%; n = 27) and the intoxication (I) group (BAC,≥0.08%; n = 76). Demographic and forensic characteristics were compared between the groups using a multinomial logistic regression analysis. The proportions of decedents who were male (odds ratio: 17.4, 95.0% confidence interval: 3.8-79.8) and in a prone position at the scene of death (odds ratio: 11.3, 95.0% confidence interval: 2.1-60.1) were significantly higher (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, retrospectively) in the I group than in the NI group. However, no significant differences were observed with respect to obesity, coronary artery narrowing, and liver pathology. Sauna deaths exhibited different characteristics according to BACs detected at autopsy. The differences in sauna deaths between the I and NI groups may have implications for the targeted prevention of sauna deaths associated with alcohol consumption.
Asunto(s)
Nivel de Alcohol en Sangre , Baño de Vapor , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Intoxicación Alcohólica/mortalidad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Causas de Muerte , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Femenino , Toxicología Forense , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/mortalidad , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Posición Prona , República de Corea/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
La enfermedad de Madelung o lipomatosis simétrica múltiple es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por la presencia de masas de tejido adiposo, distribuidas de forma simétrica en cuello, nuca, tronco, hombros y parte proximal de los miembros. Afecta fundamentalmente a hombres entre los 30 y 60 años con historia de etilismo crónico, siendo la resección quirúrgica el único tratamiento efectivo (AU)
Madelung's disease or Benign Symmetric Lipomatosis is a rare disease characterised by masses of adipose tissue spread symmetrically along the neck, trunk, shoulders and upper arms. It affects men from 30 to 60 years old with a previous history of alcoholism. Surgery is the only effective treatment (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lipomatosis Simétrica Múltiple/diagnóstico , Lipomatosis Simétrica Múltiple/cirugía , Intoxicación Alcohólica/complicaciones , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ambulatorios/métodos , Anestesia Local/métodos , Lipomatosis Simétrica Múltiple/fisiopatología , Espondiloartritis/complicaciones , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Tejido Adiposo/cirugía , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Combining energy drinks (such as 'Red Bull(®)') with alcohol is becoming increasingly popular, particularly among young people. However, as yet, limited research has been conducted examining the harms associated with this form of drinking. OBJECTIVE: To review current evidence associated with combining energy drinks with alcohol and provide recommendations for addressing this issue within primary care. DISCUSSION: Combining alcohol with energy drinks can mask the signs of alcohol intoxication, resulting in greater levels of alcohol intake, dehydration, more severe and prolonged hangovers, and alcohol poisoning. It may also increase engagement in risky behaviours (such as drink driving) as well as alcohol related violence. General practitioners should be aware of the harms associated with this pattern of drinking, and provide screening and relevant harm reduction advice.
Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Intoxicación Alcohólica/etiología , Deshidratación/etiología , Bebidas Energéticas/efectos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/tendencias , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Intoxicación Alcohólica/prevención & control , Cafeína/efectos adversos , Etanol/envenenamiento , Medicina General/métodos , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Paullinia/efectos adversos , Sueño/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To alter staff perceptions, and to examine alternative management processes for intoxicated patients brought to Ipswich ED under mental health emergency examination orders by comparing disposition outcomes with non-intoxicated patients. METHODS: Consultation-Liaison mental health nursing staff completed surveys on all patients assessed under emergency examination orders over a 6 month period in 2008. Patients were classified as intoxicated if they recorded alcometer readings of greater than 0.05%, or self-reported drug use during the events leading to their transport to the ED. Outcomes were retrospectively collated with entries in Clinical Liaison nursing logbooks. Outcome measures recorded were rates of admission, outpatient referrals to the Integrated Mental Health Service, follow up by other community services or no follow up. Differences in outcomes for intoxicated and non-intoxicated patient groups were tested for significance using χ(2) or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-eight cases were included in the audit. No cases were excluded. Sixty patients were identified as intoxicated. The age and sex distributions were similar between intoxicated and non-intoxicated patients. There were no significant differences in admission or referral rates. The average length of assessment time in the ED was longer in the intoxicated group. DISCUSSION: This audit showed similar outcomes for both patient groups contrary to the perceptions expressed by ED staff in informal surveys. The admission and referral rate for both groups indicate they are an at-risk population. The admission rate of 16% has led to this department negotiating alternative accommodation for patients while they sober up.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación Alcohólica/psicología , Intervención en la Crisis (Psiquiatría) , Prestación Integrada de Atención de Salud , Salud Mental , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Intoxicación Alcohólica/terapia , Australia , Servicios Comunitarios de Salud Mental , Servicios de Urgencia Psiquiátrica , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Derivación y Consulta , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/diagnóstico , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/terapia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Forensic pathologists are very familiar with deaths due to ethanol intoxication. The overwhelming majority of these deaths are a result of the oral ingestion of ethanol. We report an unusual case of an individual who expired in his secured residence after self administration of a wine enema. Toxicology showed an ethanol concentration of 0.40 g/dL in the blood and 0.41 g/dL in the vitreous fluid. Scene investigation was of paramount importance in determining the unusual method by which the decedent absorbed the alcoholic beverage.
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Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Enema , Vino , Intoxicación Alcohólica/patología , Autopsia , Etanol/sangre , Etanol/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuerpo Vítreo/metabolismoRESUMEN
The maxillofacial region is by far the most frequently selected target in assaults on adults. There is a causal link between alcohol intoxication and injury. Therefore, oral and maxillofacial surgery is, in effect, the lead speciality for those injured in violence and has a responsibility to orchestrate holistic care that takes into account mental health needs. Recent years have also seen a determined effort by oral and maxillofacial surgeons to get involved in wider issues of prevention, exemplified by the national UK BAOMS Facial Injuries Awareness Week. Multi-agency prevention, not just with mental health professionals in the case of individual patients, but also with emergency medicine, public health, local government, the police and the voluntary sector is key to success. Given the potential complexity of collaborations like this, it is important to understand what works in multi-agency prevention. This paper reviews successful interventions: their rationale and how oral and maxillofacial surgeons can contribute to local injury prevention.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación Alcohólica , Traumatismos Maxilofaciales/prevención & control , Rol del Médico , Cirugía Bucal , Violencia/prevención & control , Adolescente , Adulto , Intoxicación Alcohólica/diagnóstico , Intoxicación Alcohólica/prevención & control , Niño , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución , Medicina de Emergencia , Etanol/envenenamiento , Traumatismos Faciales/prevención & control , Femenino , Gobierno , Educación en Salud , Política de Salud , Promoción de la Salud , Salud Holística , Humanos , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Traumatismos Maxilofaciales/terapia , Salud Mental , Policia , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevención Primaria , Salud Pública , Administración en Salud Pública , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
A case of fatal poisoning due to the combined effect of alcohol and gasoline following an automobile accident is described. Toxicological analyses by means of gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry permitted the identification and quantitation of alcohol and several hydrocarbons in the heart blood and in the gas in the lung. Great variation was found in the estimates of blood gasoline concentration, depending on which of six constituents of gasoline was chosen for quantitation. The cause of this variation is discussed, together with the possible mechanisms leading to death.