RESUMEN
Using rat and mouse models of neurogenic, ethanol-induced, and indometacin-induced damage to the gastric mucosa we demonstrated that course preventive treatment with flavonoid complex from aerial parts of Lychnis chalcedonica L. increased the resistance of gastric mucosa to ulcerogenic factors of different etiology. The gastroprotective effect of the phytocomplex in a dose range of 16-1600 µg/kg was comparable with that of the reference drug plantaglucide and was superior to that of the reference drugs eleutherococcus extract and methyluracil in the therapeutic doses. The antiulcerogenic activity of Lychnis chalcedonica flavonoid complex considerably exceeded activity of Lychnis chalcedonica L. extract demonstrated in our previous experiments.
Asunto(s)
Antiulcerosos/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Animales no Consanguíneos , Antiulcerosos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiulcerosos/farmacología , Citoprotección/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Etanol , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Flavonoides/farmacología , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Indometacina , Lychnis/química , Masculino , Ratones , Inflamación Neurogénica/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación Neurogénica/patología , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Silene , Úlcera Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/patologíaRESUMEN
Genetically uniform plant material, derived from Lychnis flos-cuculi propagated in vitro, was used for the isolation of 20-hydroxyecdysone and polypodine B and subjected to an evaluation of the antifungal and antiamoebic activity. The activity of 80% aqueous methanolic extracts, their fractions, and isolated ecdysteroids were studied against pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellani. Additionally, a Microtox® acute toxicity assay was performed. It was found that an 80% methanolic fraction of root extract exerts the most potent amoebicidal activity at IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL at the 3rd day of treatment. Both ecdysteroids show comparable activity at IC50 of 0.07 mg/mL. The acute toxicity of 80% fractions at similar concentrations is significantly higher than that of 40% fractions. Crude extracts exhibited moderate antifungal activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within the range of 1.25-2.5 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first to show the biological activity of L. flos-cuculi in terms of the antifungal and antiamoebic activities and acute toxicity. It is also the first isolation of the main ecdysteroids from L. flos-cuculi micropropagated, ecdysteroid-rich plant material.
Asunto(s)
Amebicidas/farmacología , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Ecdisteroides/aislamiento & purificación , Ecdisteroides/farmacología , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Lychnis/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Amebicidas/aislamiento & purificación , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the complex of flavonoids from Lychnis chalcedonica L. were studied in the models of acute aseptic inflammation induced by carrageenan, histamine, and serotonin and acetic acid-induced painful chemical stimulation. It is demonstrated that course treatment with flavonoids derived from Lychnis chalcedonica L. produced a stable pharmacological effect comparable with that of the reference anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Carragenina/toxicidad , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Lychnis/química , Ácido Acético/toxicidad , Animales , Diclofenaco/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Histamina/toxicidad , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Ratones , Serotonina/toxicidadRESUMEN
We studied antiulcer activity of the extracts of ecdysteroid-containing plants of the Caryophyllaceae family: Lychnis chalcedonica L., Silene viridiflora L.Sp.Pl., and Silene frivaldszkyana Hampe. Experiments on the model of neurogenic and aspirin-induced ulcerogenesis showed unidirectional and pronounced gastroprotective effects of S. viridiflora and L. chalcedonica extracts comparable to the efficacy of famotidine. In these models, a course of intragastric treatment with the extracts reduced ulcerative lesions of all types.
Asunto(s)
Antiulcerosos/farmacología , Ecdisteroides/análisis , Lychnis/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Silene/química , Úlcera Gástrica/prevención & control , Animales , Etanol , Femenino , Ratones , Espectrofotometría Ultravioleta , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
A new flavone C-glycoside, 5-O-acetyl-2"-alpha-rhamnopyranosylisovitexin (1), was isolated from the aerial parts of Lychnis senno Siebold et Zucc. (Family Caryophyllaceae), along with 2"-alpha-rhamnopyranosylisovitexin (2), 2"-a-rhamnopyranosylisoorientin (3) and isoorientin 3'-mehyl ether (4). All these compounds were isolated for the first time from L. senno and their antioxidative activity was analyzed by the 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical-scavenging method. Compound 3 showed moderate antioxidative activity.
Asunto(s)
Flavonas/aislamiento & purificación , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/aislamiento & purificación , Glicósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Lychnis/química , Flavonas/química , Glicósidos/química , Estructura Molecular , Plantas Medicinales/químicaRESUMEN
Senno (Lychnis senno Siebold et Zucc.), a traditional ornamental plant in Japan had been used as a crude drug acting as natural blood thinners. Since tissue culture protocols have been established, we analyzed polyphenol accumulation profiles in shoot culture, multiple shoot culture, and callus culture using the technique of HPLC with a Photodiode Array Detector. By comparing the HPLC profiles at 220-400 nm from extracts of different cultures, 14 putative flavonoids were confirmed as major metabolites in the cultures of senno. Among the 14 compounds detected, 6 were tissue specific metabolites. It appears that the biosynthetic pathway of polyphenolics in Senno is regulated or strongly influenced by how tissues are regenerated and maintained in the in vitro environment. Hence, it may be possible to selectively produce novel secondary metabolites including flavonoids by engineering a target tissue culture procedure developed in the present study.
Asunto(s)
Flavonoides/metabolismo , Lychnis/química , Fenoles/metabolismo , Brotes de la Planta/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Técnicas de Cultivo de TejidosRESUMEN
Five polyphenolic compounds were identified from the diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts of the herb of ragged robin, Lychnis flos-cuculi L. (Caryophyllaceae). The identified and isolated compounds were established as a caffeic acid, luteolin, apigenin, apigenin 8-C-beta-D-glucopyranoside (vitexin) and luteolin 8-C-beta-D-glucopyranoside (orientin) by means of extensive spectroscopic studies, including UV and NMR, and confirmed by their chromatographic behavior--TLC and HPLC analyses. This is the first report of occurrence of these compounds in L. flos-cuculi.
Asunto(s)
Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Lychnis/química , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Polifenoles , Espectrofotometría UltravioletaRESUMEN
Considerable hemorheological changes and depression of EEG parameters were revealed in rats with cerebral ischemia. Course peroral treatment with scarlet lightning extract in a daily dose of 150 mg/kg for 5 days reduced the severity of hemorheological disorders. It manifested in a decrease in whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, and fibrinogen concentration and increase in deformability. The extract of lightning extract improved EEG activity in rats with cerebral ischemia.