Effect of a spray formulation on the reproductive parameters of a susceptible population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus / Efeitos de uma formulação pulverização sobre os parâmetros reproductivos de uma população susceptível de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

The number of studies emphasizing the possible damage that acaricidal spray formulations can cause on engorged female ticks' reproductive parameters is small. The present study evaluated the deleterious effects of a spray formulation (dichlorvos 60% + chlorpyrifos 20%) on the reproductive parameters of a susceptible population of Rhipicephalus (B.) microplus females, using the Stall Test. The ticks were allocated randomly to treatments according to the mean numbers of females detached from each cow on days -3, -2 and -1 and the cattle pen location. The numbers of engorged female ticks that naturally detached from the cattle were counted daily from day 1 to day 30. For each group, 20 detached engorged female ticks or the available number collected daily were evaluated regarding reproductive parameters. Associations of organophosphates demonstrated elevated acaricidal efficacy, as well as deleterious effects on the reproductive parameters of R. (B.) microplus females. The engorged female weight (days 1 to 7), weight of egg masses (days 5 to 10) and larval hatching percentage (days 5 to 19) were decreased (P ≤ 0.05). It is possible that a formulation can lead to deleterious effects on R. (B.) microplus females when the tick population analyzed shows elevated sensitivity towards a particular formulation. However, further studies need to be conducted.

É relativamente pequeno o número de estudos que enfatiza os danos que uma formulação acaricida spray pode desencadear sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos das teleóginas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos deletérios de uma formulação spray comercial (dichlorvos 60% + Clorpirifós 20%), sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos de uma população susceptível de R. (B.) microplus, desprendidas de bovinos experimentalmente infestados, utilizandose o teste de estábulo. Os animais foram alocados aos grupos de tratamentos de acordo com a contagem média de fêmeas desprendidas dos bovinos nos dias -3, -2 e -1. O número de teleóginas desprendidas foi quantificado do dia 1 ao 30. Para cada grupo, diariamente 20 fêmeas, ou a quantidade disponível, foram selecionadas e submetidas à avaliação dos parâmetros reprodutivos. A associação de organofosforados demonstrou elevada eficácia acaricida e também apresentou efeitos deletérios sob os parâmetros reprodutivos de Rhipicephalus (B.) microplus, diminuindo (P≤0,05) o peso das teleóginas (dos dias 1 ao 7), o peso da massa de ovos (dos dias 5 ao 10) e a eclodibilidade das larvas (dos dias 5 ao 19). Talvez uma formulação pode apresentar efeitos deletérios sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos de fêmeas de R. (B.) microplus, quando existe um elevado grau de sensibilidade dessa cepa de carrapato a um determinado composto. De qualquer maneira, futuros estudos devem ser realizados.

Patrón pronóstico de invasión serosa (S2) en carcinoma gástrico / Prognostic pattern of serous invasion (S2) in gastric carcinoma

El pronóstico del cáncer gástrico depende de la invasión de la pared, compromiso de barreras ganglionares y de factores biológicos tumorales. El objetivo es comunicar nuestra experiencia es un patrón pronóstico asociado a subtipos de compromisos seroso gástrico. Cuarenta y cinco pacientes operados entre 1979 y 1998 cumplen las condiciones de ingreso: carcinoma avanzado, compromiso definitivo de la serosa (S2), gastrectomía total curativa, sin tratamiento complementario. Se establecen dos grupos: Grupo 1 (n:23), con invasión limitada a la membrana serosa. Grupo 2 (n:22), con invasión serosa, rotura y explosión hacia la cavidad peritoneal, pero sin invasión a órganos vecinos. Se analiza características generales y sobrevida según Kaplan-Meier, estimando diferencias con test de Wilcoxon. Las características generales de los grupos 1 y 2 son, respectivamente: Edad promedio: 61-59 años; Sexo (M/F): 16/7-13/9; ubicación tumoral (Zona A/M/C): 3/6/14 - 0/8/14; Clasificación de Bormann (I/II/III/IV): 0/4/810/1 - 0/0/9/9/4. El compromiso de barreras ganglionares (N1/N2): 15/5-13/2. Las principales complicaciones son de causa médica (22,2 por ciento, compartidas por ambos grupos uniformemente. El Grupo 2 tiene dos complicaciones quirúrgicas, tratadas en forma conservadora. Nohay mortalidad en la serie. La sobrevida a 5 años, para el grupo total (n:45) es 33,4 por ciento. La sobrevida del Grupo 1 y 2 es 47,5 por ciento, con diferencia significativa (p=0,05). En esta serie, el compromiso de serosa, abierta ala cavidad peritoneal, se comporta como un factor pronóstico negativo en la sobrevida del cáncer gástrico

Therapeutic Effect of the Intraperitoneal Cisplatin Installation (IPCI) in Advanced Gastric Carcinoma with Serosa Invasion Retrospective study / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: We performed retrospective study to evaluate the preventive effect of intraperitoneal cisplatin installation (IPCI) on peritoneal recurrence after curative resection of advanced gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of IPCI was evaluated in 297 advanced gastric carcinoma patients from January 1993 to December 1996. In IPCI group, 100 mg/body of cisplatin in one liter of saline was installed in peritoneal cavity before wound closure in operating room and drained out 2 hours later. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with combination of 5-FU and cisplain was performed. 155 cases were treated by IPCI. Median follow-up period was 26 months. RESULTS: Out of 139 (46.8%) recurred cases, peritoneal, local and distant recurrences developed in 65 (37.8%) cases, 66 (38.4%) cases and 41 (23.8%) cases respectively. In univariated analysis for survival and recurrence, IPCI, T stage and N stage were significant prognostic factors. As regards to peritoneal recurrence, IPCI and T stage were significant factors. In multivariated survival analysis, as regards to recurrence, IPCI, T stage and N stage were significant prognostic factors. As regards to peritoneal recurrence, IPCI was the only significant independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: We concluded that IPCI can effectively prevent peritoneal recurrence and overall recurrence and it shows marginal survival benefit in advanced gastric cancer patients with serosa invasion.