[In memoriam: 100th anniversary of Professor Dragutin (Drago) Vrabnic birthday]. / Sjecanje S povodom: Prof. Dr. SC. Dragutin (Drago) Vrbanic - 100 Godina od rodenja.

Professor Dragutin (Drago) Vrbanic, MD, PhD (1912 - 1996) was an eminent figure of Croatian medicine, especially in Rijeka and Istria. His work includes a number of publications and managerial accomplishments that encouraged the development of gynaecology and obstetrics. He can also be credited for the organisation and affirmation of midwifery in Rijeka. Professor Vrbanic was highly appreciated not only for his educational and scientific achievements, but also as a valuable mentor to younger colleagues, whom he encouraged to pursue their profession to the fullest.

The role of Edward Harrison's (1766-1838) disciples, Thomas Engall, John and George Epps, Charles Hoyland, John Evans Riadore, John Robinson and John Baptiste de Serney in the treatment of spinal deformity in the Victorian medical world.

Edward Harrison was a distinguished and innovative physician, an educationalist who had a profound influence on the treatment of spinal deformities. He founded the first infirmary for the treatment of spinal diseases in London in 1837. Little is known of this institution but much of Harrison's legacy rests with his disciples who followed Harrison's principles of treatment to treat spinal deformity. Like Harrison they were unconventional individuals, influenced by religious beliefs and liberal political and social ideologies. After his death, initially they followed his methods of treatment but subsequently they were not afraid to pursue new forms of treatment including homeopathy at a time when traditional medicine had little to offer.

Charles W. Dohner, PhD: an evaluator and mentor in medical education.

As one of the first generation medical education pioneers, Charles W. Dohner, PhD established the ninth office of medical education at the University of Washington (UW) where he served as chairman from 1967-1996. With a background in education and measurement, he focused his work on evaluation of educational programs and faculty development. The Department of Medical Education went through three distinct stages of development: pathfinding 1967-1972 focused on developing working relationships with the faculty and clarifying identity, integration into academic affairs 1972-1980, and direct leadership by department faculty 1980-1996. Dohner helped to create and evaluate the WAMI program, a regional medical education program for the states of Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho. He served as a consultant to a specialty board, the founding president of the Society of Directors of Research in Medical Education, and a frequent consultant in international medical education. Dohner identified three important innovations in medical education: educators in academic medicine, simulations and performance assessment, and community-based medical education. Success factors for professional education include technical competence in education, interpersonal communication and collaboration skills, a plan for personal growth, and use of mentors. Future trends in medical education will involve information technology, professionalism, wellness and complementary medicine, and performance assessment. He has been a passionate spokesman for excellence in medical education and most noted for his roles as an evaluator, program developer, and mentor of academic leaders.

The many Galens of the medieval commentators on vision.

It is my aim in this paper to discuss some aspects of the relationship between medieval medical authors and classical authorities. Historians of medicine have stressed the academic activities of medical masters as those of conciliation and explanation of authority. I will rather suggest that the explanation of classical authority was not the main aim of the medical masters but, in fact, its very construction. I would like to develop this possibility by analysing the nature of the approach to visual perception in academic medical circles at the end of the thirteenth century and the beginning of the fourteenth century.

As ever, B.J.": The Palmer-Stoke correspondence of 1926-1952.

John H. Stoke was a 1920 graduate of the Palmer School and a loyalist among the admirers of B.J. Palmer during the turbulent 1920s in which Palmer leadership was questioned and the Neurocalometer debacle had eroded his following. Stoke, however, was a critical B.J. advocate, and engaged in sometimes detailed analysis of Palmer-Stoke correspondence and the issues which confronted the profession in those difficult times in the early years of this century.

[Remarks on Leon Popielski's manuscript of his review of January Zubrzycki's qualifying thesis for professorship dating from 1915]. / Uwagi o rekopisie recenzji Leona Popielskiego pracy habilitacyjnej Januarego Zubrzyckiego z 1915r.

A review written by professor Leon Popielski from Lvov of the qualifying thesis for professorship of January Zubrzycki from Cracow is presented. The manuscript has been kept by professor Popielski's family. Zubrzycki finished his medical studies in Cracow in 1909. While writing his qualifying thesis entitled Placental Albumin Derivatives and their Toxic Properties in 1915 he was an assistant of Aleksander Rosner in the department of maternity and gynaecology of Jagiellonian University. In 1931 as a professor he became the head of the clinic and following the Second World War he was a professor at several faculties of medicine in Poland. He was an outstanding gynaecological surgeon, an author of a five volume atlas of gynaecological surgery. Professor Leon Popielski studied in S. Petersburg. He specialized in physiology. Since 1904 he was the head of the Chair of Pharmacologoy and Pharmacognosy at the Universitiy of Lvov. Popielski's intrest in Zubrzycki's work ensued his research on albumin metabolite effect. His appreciation of the work is expressed by the phrase "I read it with satisfaction". The review was written in 1919, belated by the war.