Clinical Diagnosis of Cervical Lesions Combined with Programmed Death Ligand and miR-124 Detection in Peripheral Blood.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the expression of colposcopy combined with PD-L1 (programmed death ligand-1) and miR-124 (microRNA-124) in CC (cervical cancer) and CIN (cervical precancerous lesions), providing insights for clinical screening and diagnosis of these conditions. Method: A total of 60 patients with suspicious cervical lesions were selected from the gynecological clinic at Jinhua People's Hospital between June 2021 and December 2021. The patients were divided into three groups: LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), and no SIL group, with 20 cases per group. This sample distribution ensures a comprehensive representation of different lesion severities. Pathological tissues were collected from each group for immunohistochemistry analysis to assess PD-L1 expression. Peripheral blood samples were also obtained from the patients for PCR analysis to evaluate miR-124 expression. These techniques allowed us to examine the expression levels of PD-L1 and miR-124 in the samples accurately. Result: The HSIL group exhibited a higher rate of positive PD-L1 expression compared to the LSIL and no lesion groups. Additionally, the expression level of miR-124 was lower in the HSIL group compared to the LSIL and no lesion groups (P < .05). Statistical measures such as means, standard deviations, and P values were used to quantify these differences, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the results. Conclusions: Combining colposcopy results with the expression of PD-L1 and miR-124 can effectively evaluate precancerous lesions of cervical cancer. This combined approach holds significant clinical implications by potentially enhancing early detection, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for CC and CIN. Further research in this area may lead to improved patient outcomes and contribute to the development of targeted therapies.

Analysis of Curcumin as a Radiosensitizer in Cancer Therapy with Serum Survivin Examination: Randomised Control Trial.

OBJECTIVE: One of the important treatments for cervical cancer is radiation therapy. This study sought to determine the role of curcumin as a radio-sensitizing agent for use with radiation therapy for cervical cancer. To accomplish this, we assessed the levels of survivin, which is an anti-apoptotic protein that plays a role in cell division and apoptosis inhibition. METHOD: This study used a quasi-experimental design, including a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The study subjects included cervical carcinoma stage IIB-IIIB patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery at the Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during the research period. The advanced cervical cancer patients were assigned to two groups: i) those who received curcumin + radiation therapy and ii) those who received placebo + radiation therapy. RESULTS: In the group treated with curcumin + radiation, 15 (75%) patients showed decreased survivin levels and 5 (25%) showed increased survivin levels. Whereas, in the placebo + radiation group, there were 8 (40%) patients who showed decreased survivin levels and 12 (60%) who showed increased survivin levels. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, curcumin is an effective, alternative radiosensitizer agent for application in cervical cancer treatment.
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Oxidative damage and antioxidants in cervical cancer.

The pathogenesis of cervical cancer is related to oxidative damage caused by persistent infection by one of the oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV). This damage comes from oxidative stress, which is the imbalance caused by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and impaired antioxidant mechanisms, promoting tumor progression through metabolic processes. The incorporation of HPV into the cellular genome leads to the expression of oncoproteins, which are associated with chronic inflammation and increased production of reactive oxygen species, oxidizing proteins, lipids and DNA. The increase in these parameters is related, in general, to the reduction of circulating levels of enzymatic antioxidants-superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase; and non-enzymatic antioxidants-reduced glutathione, coenzyme Q10 and vitamins A, C and E, according to tumor staging. In contrast, some enzymatic antioxidants suffer upregulation in the tumor tissue as a way of adapting to the oxidative environment generated by themselves, such as glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase 2, induced nitric oxide synthase, peroxiredoxins 1, 3 and 6, and thioredoxin reductase 2. The decrease in the expression and activity of certain circulatory antioxidants and increasing the redox status of the tumor cells are thus key to cervical carcinoma prognosis. In addition, vitamin deficit is considered a possible modifiable risk factor by supplementation, since the cellular functions can have a protective effect on the development of cervical cancer. In this review, we will discuss the impact of oxidative damage on cervical cancer progression, as well as the main oxidative markers and therapeutic potentialities of antioxidants.

Diagnostic potential of ionomic profile in the plasma of cervical cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Major and trace elements play an important role in human body, and it has been reported that ionomic distribution differ greatly in tumor patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the ionomic profile in human plasma as a potential biomarker for the therapeutic effects of cervical cancer. METHOD: Thirty-seven patients with cervical cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were included in this study, pretherapy and post-treatment blood samples were collected and concentrations of 24 ions were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS: The results showed that after cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patients' plasma Pt level significantly increased, Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Se, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Ba levels significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and Al, Cu ions were significantly correlated with the treatment effect (P < 0.05). In addition, the pattern of elemental correlations changed dramatically after the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the plasma ionomic profile may serve as a quick and convenient tool to reflect the therapeutic effect of cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in cervical cancer patients, and supplement of certain essential elements may be of great importance for the maintenance of ion homeostasis in human body and for the reduction of adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

The Relationship between the Serum Level of Selenium and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comparative Study in a Population of Nigerian Women

Objective: To determine the relationship between the serum level of selenium and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods: A case controlled study that compared the serum level of selenium in 45 women with CIN (cases) to 45 women (age matched controls) with normal cervical cytology. Socio-demographic data and information on known risk factors for cervical cancer among the sample was compared between both groups using inferential statistics. Results: There was no significant difference in the mean selenium values between the cases and controls [p- 0.076, 95% CI (-15.08 ­ 0.76)]. However, subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant difference between patients with normal cervical cytology, CIN I, II and III (p= 0.021). In addition, there was also significant difference in the selenium level between women with normal cervical cytology and CIN III (p value = 0.016) with a significant inverse linear trend (p= 0.025). Conclusion: With increasing severity of CIN, a significant reduction in the level of selenium in serum was observed. This reducing value of serum selenium, a surrogate marker for increased oxidative stress, may be important factor for the development of persistent HPV infection and in particular high grade CIN III lesions. This observation requires further research.

Serum Se, Ni, and As are associated with HPV infection and CIN2+ among Uyghur women in rural China.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality is high in Uyghur ethnics. Their life style and dietary habit were different from other ethnics living together. Study on the role of trace elements in HPV infection and cervical lesion of Uyghur minority is needed for future intervention and prevention work. METHODS: In total, 833 Uyghur women were randomly selected from the screening site and hospital. The concentrations of the trace elements As, Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Univariate analysis was performed with chi-squared test between the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups and between the case group and the control group. Multivariate analysis was performed with logistic regression. RESULTS: An As concentration ≥ 0.02 mg/kg was a risk factor for HPV infection (OR > 1, P < 0.05), and Ni concentration ≥ 0.1232 mg/kg and Se concentration ≥ 0.02 mg/kg were protective factors (OR < 1, P < 0.05). Concentrations of Fe ≥ 6.9153 mmol/L and As ≥0.02 mg/kg were risk factors for CIN2+ (OR > 1, P < 0.05), and concentrations of Ni ≥0.0965 mg/kg and Se ≥0.02 mg/kg were protective factors (OR < 1, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low serum concentrations of Se and Ni and a high serum concentration of As might be related to HPV infection and CIN2+ in Uyghur women in rural China.

Comparative analysis of serum trace element levels in women with invasive cervical cancer in Lagos, Nigeria.

INTRODUCTION: Trace elements although present in minute quantities in human blood, they play a vital role in many biochemical enzymatic reactions and have been examined critically as a potential key factor in various human diseases including cancers. This study was aimed to determine the association between serum levels of trace elements and invasive cancer of the cervix. METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out among women seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Fifty histologically diagnosed patients with squamous cells carcinoma of the cervix, who had not had any treatment and 100 cancer-free volunteers were recruited. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect relevant data following which venous blood sample was obtained from each participant. Serum zinc, copper and selenium concentrations were then measured. The associations of serum trace elements and invasive cervical cancer were tested using the independent sample t-test. All significances were reported at P<0.05. RESULTS: There were significantly low serum levels of zinc and selenium in cervical cancer patients with no significant difference seen in the serum level of copper among cervical cancer patients compared to their cancer-free control counterparts. CONCLUSION: These alterations in trace elements levels may be important in the pathogenesis of cervical cancers; however, future robust prospective studies are needed to determine if routine provision of these supplements will result in improved cervical cancer treatment outcomes in Nigerian women.

Enhanced efficacy with reduced toxicity of chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil by synergistic treatment with Abnormal Savda Munziq from Uyghur medicine.

BACKGROUND: Abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq) is a traditional prescription in Uyghur Medicine, and its treatment of complex diseases such as tumors and asthma has been proven to be effective in Uyghur medical clinical practice. The efficacy-enhancing and toxicity-reducing properties of ASMq were studied on mice with transplanted cervical cancer (U27) tumors, which were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in this work. METHODS: To investigate the synergistic effect of ASMq and 5-FU on U27 cells, inhibitory effects on cell proliferation were determined through a MTT assay. 48 Kunming mice which were randomly divided in to 6 groups: control group, model group, 5-FU group, 5-FU combine with ASMq low-dose group, 5-FU combine with ASMq medium-dose group, and 5-FU combine with ASMq high- dose group, the inhibition rate of the tumor, the viscera indexes, and the content of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined. The expression levels of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and human papillomavirus type 16 E2 (HPV16 E2) protein were assessed by Western blot. Pathological changes in the liver were observed. RESULT: The inhibition rates of tumors, the 5-FU + ASMq.H group(80.64%), 5-FU + ASMq.M group (90.67%), 5-FU + ASMq.L group (72.03%) and 5-FU group (66.89%), clearly indicated that the effects of tumor inhibition. The thymus index and spleen index were increased, and the serum concentration of TNF-α increased while ALT and AST concentrations were decreased, and TNF-α protein expression were increased while TGF-ß1 and HPV16 E2 were decreased. ASMq might can improve livers central vein hyperemia and interstitial edema, and preserve the radial structure of the hepatic cords. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that ASMq might reduce toxicity and enhance the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of cervical carcinoma.

Serum Selenium Levels and Cervical Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Several studies have investigated the relationship between serum Se concentration and cervical cancer, but the results were inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between serum selenium levels and cervical cancer. Twelve studies investigating the association by univariate analysis and five studies by multivariate analysis were identified after a systematic search of PubMed, Wanfang, CNKI, and SinoMed databases. Standard mean differences (SMD) or odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled to compare the selenium levels between different groups. In univariate analysis, serum selenium levels in cervical cancer cases were significantly lower than in controls (SMD = -4.86, 95% CI -6.03-3.69). Subgroup analysis showed consistent results. In multivariate analysis, serum selenium levels in cervical cancer cases were also significantly lower than in controls (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.73). After treatment, the serum selenium levels increased significantly (SMD = 2.59, 95% CI 0.50-4.69). In conclusion, high serum selenium levels were associated with cervical cancer, and selenium exposure might be a protective factor for cervical cancer.