RESUMEN
The donation community continuously strives to collaborate and share effective practices to further the mission of saving and healing lives. Donation service areas in which the Organ Procurement Organizations (OPOs) work are multifaceted in their demographics, inciting the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network to consider a more holistic and objective measure of similarity rather than the size of population alone or locational proximity alone. This would allow OPOs, as a part of their quality improvement efforts, to learn from and mentor other organizations that are dealing with similar challenges. By incorporating multiple informative characteristics together, we can distinguish those likenesses only revealed by taking into account multiple factors simultaneously. We used statistical approaches that take many characteristics of interest describing a donation service area and purposely excluded performance measures that an OPO may be able to influence by their own practices. Unsupervised learning methods combined the original characteristics into a smaller number of new variables, eliminating correlation and overlap in information from the original characteristics, and clustered donation service areas based on the general characteristics and population of the area. This analysis is a first step in providing a different perspective for OPOs to learn from other organizations that may face similar challenges, as well as to share best practices and open new lines of communication.
Asunto(s)
Benchmarking/métodos , Mejoramiento de la Calidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Mejoramiento de la Calidad/normas , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/normas , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dissection of human anatomic specimens still keeps its importance in medical curriculum. Experiences of medical students in the anatomy laboratory and the time they spent there makes them feel as doctors at the beginning of their education and helps them to get used to the notion of death. Unfortunately, the number of human body donors available for medical research and education as well as organ transplantation is limited. Obtaining human anatomic specimens continues being a great problem especially in middle-east countries. Religious factors, socioeconomic status, education, marital status or age are probably the main factors those effect body donations. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the attitudes of Turkish university employees and their relatives towards whole body donation and organ donation. METHODS: A total of 780 questionnaires taken from the participants were evaluated. All the participants were academic and administrative staff from four different universities based in Ankara, Eskisehir, Istanbul and Adana and their relatives. Participants were between the ages of 18-85. All the subjects were provided a questionnaire composed of 38 questions. FINDINGS: 26.2% of the individuals declared that they could donate their body for medical education while 73.8% of them did not. In contrast, 69.1% of the participants were willing for being organ donors. Of the ones who had accepted to donate their organs, 64.5% refused to donate their bodies. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that not only whole body donation, but also organ donation continue being a problem in Turkey.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/ética , Universidades/ética , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Escolaridad , Empleo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Persona de Mediana Edad , Religión , Factores Sexuales , Espiritualidad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Turquía , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Cirrosis Hepática/cirugía , Trasplante de Hígado/tendencias , Muerte Encefálica , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Trasplante de Hígado/rehabilitación , Trasplante de Hígado/estadística & datos numéricos , Donadores Vivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Terapia Nutricional , Atención Perioperativa , Sarcopenia/etiología , Sarcopenia/prevención & control , Donantes de Tejidos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/tendenciasRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The increase in the number of donors is the main objective of all transplantation organizations around the world. Further understanding of the factors involved in increasing donation rates is very important for planning future strategies to improve outcomes in each country. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: With this purpose we analyzed the relationship between social and economic factors of the countries and organizational aspects of health systems and institutions dedicated to transplantation in relation to the number of actual donors per million population. We analyzed rates of deceased donors per million population of Latin America, North America, and Europe (20 countries) and correlated them with the human development index and its most important indicators. We also studied the correlation with spending on health and organizational aspects of the health system. RESULTS: On the one hand, we found that donation rates (DRs) per million population (pmp) were not statistically significantly correlated with the human development index (significant correlation 0.61 and 0.181). There is a correlation, albeit weak, between observed donation rates and gross domestic product (GDP) of each country (significance, 0.04; correlation, 0.46). On the other hand, there exists a strong correlation between the percentage of GDP spent on health and DRs pmp (significance, 0.01; correlation, 0.53). Those countries with an integrated national health system (P = .01) and a higher percentage of hospitals with intrahospital transplantation coordinators (P = .001) had higher DRs pmp. CONCLUSIONS: The best DRs are closely linked to organizational aspects of the donation system in particular and the health system in general. There is a weak correlation between observed DRs and socio-economic and development indicators of countries. These data should be taken into account in planning future strategies to increase DRs, health plan policies, and investments.
Asunto(s)
Países Desarrollados , Países en Desarrollo , Donantes de Tejidos/provisión & distribución , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Prestación Integrada de Atención de Salud , Europa (Continente) , Producto Interno Bruto , Política de Salud , Humanos , América Latina , América del Norte , Factores Socioeconómicos , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
As part of an Australian national project, quantitative data via a survey were retrospectively obtained from 327 Australian health care chaplains (staff and volunteer chaplains) to initially identify chaplaincy participation in various bioethical issues-including organ procurement. Over a third of surveyed staff chaplains (38%) and almost a fifth of volunteer chaplains (19.2%) indicted that they had, in some way, been involved in organ procurement issues with patients and/or their families. Nearly one-fifth of staff chaplains (19%) and 12% of volunteer chaplains had also assisted clinical staff concerning various organ procurement issues. One hundred of the surveyed chaplains volunteered to an interview. Qualitative data were subsequently coded from 42 of the chaplains who had been involved in organ procurement requests. These data were thematically coded using the World Health Organization 'Pastoral Intervention Codings' (WHO-PICs). The qualitative data revealed that through a variety of pastoral interventions a number of chaplains (the majority being staff chaplains) were engaged in the critical and sensitive issues of organ procurement. It is argued that while such involvement can help to ensure a holistic and ethically appropriate practice, it is suggested that chaplains could be better utilized not only in the organ procurement process but also for the training of other chaplains and clinicians.
Asunto(s)
Clero , Cuidado Pastoral , Rol Profesional , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Australia , Servicio de Capellanía en Hospital , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Cuidado Pastoral/educación , Cuidado Pastoral/métodos , Recursos HumanosRESUMEN
We describe the organization of a high-volume Brazilian kidney transplant program that performed 7,833 transplants in 12 years fulfilling government expectations without compromising the care of the patients. The annual number of kidney transplants increased from 428 in 1999 to 1,048 in 2010. In our Organ Procurement Organization (6.1 million inhabitants) brain death notifications increased from 196 to 468 in 2010 and 35% became actual donors. There are 5,011 patients on the waiting list and recipient selection is based on HLA matching. A significant proportion of the recipients is of black ethnicity and had been for long time on dialysis. Over 700 first appointments for living donation are done every year. After the transplant, the majority of patients are followed locally (200-250 appointments per day). The transplant outcome among living-donor recipients is comparable to large registries but inferior outcome have been observed among recipients of deceased donor organs, though consistent improvement has been seen in more recent years. We also discuss issues related to local regulations and solutions to improve efficiency and outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Riñón , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud , Donantes de Tejidos/provisión & distribución , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos , Adulto , Brasil , Prestación Integrada de Atención de Salud , Femenino , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Reembolso de Seguro de Salud , Trasplante de Riñón/economía , Trasplante de Riñón/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Programas Nacionales de Salud/economía , Programas Nacionales de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Objetivos Organizacionales , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Desarrollo de Programa , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/economía , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/organización & administración , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Listas de Espera , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Little research has examined how the content of health communications regarding the need for BM and stem cell donation affects the intentions and attitudes of potential National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) donors. This study used an experimental design to test the hypothesis that an emotional appeal (EA) to potential donors would lead to higher rates of NMDP registration than a rational appeal (RA). Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a RA or an EA and then asked if they would (1) register with the NMDP and (2) talk with family members about NMDP registration. A total of 85% of individuals receiving the EA agreed to register for the NMDP, whereas only 49% of the participants receiving the RA agreed to register. The EA (72%) and RA (54%) groups did not differ significantly in their reported willingness to talk with family members about NMDP registration. However, multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that the EA group endorsed significantly greater willingness to engage in both outcomes. Results suggest that an EA was more effective in motivating participants, but other sociodemographic factors were also associated with decisions about NMDP registration. EA may provide a useful and cost-effective method for increasing NMDP registration.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Médula Ósea/psicología , Donadores Vivos/psicología , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos , Adulto , Actitud , Toma de Decisiones , Emociones , Femenino , Humanos , Funciones de Verosimilitud , Masculino , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Sistema de Registros , Análisis de Regresión , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Auditoría Administrativa/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Control de Calidad , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Programas Nacionales de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud/métodos , Sociedades Médicas/normas , España , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/normasRESUMEN
No disponible
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Auditoría Administrativa/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , /métodos , /estadística & datos numéricos , Control de Calidad , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/normas , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Programas Nacionales de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Sociedades Médicas/normas , EspañaAsunto(s)
Cooperación Internacional , Personal de Hospital , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/organización & administración , Accidentes de Tránsito/estadística & datos numéricos , Cultura , Capacidad de Camas en Hospitales , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Riñón/normas , Trasplante de Riñón/estadística & datos numéricos , Modelos Teóricos , Programas Nacionales de Salud/organización & administración , Opinión Pública , España , Donantes de Tejidos/psicología , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/economía , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante/estadística & datos numéricos , Reino UnidoAsunto(s)
Trasplante de Riñón , Cadáver , Supervivencia de Injerto , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Japón , Trasplante de Riñón/estadística & datos numéricos , Donadores Vivos , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Donantes de Tejidos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/legislación & jurisprudencia , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/tendenciasRESUMEN
Significant amounts of information are currently available within the database generated by the responses to the Bone Marrow Processing Survey. As additional Surveys are returned, the data will continue to be entered into a Lotus spreadsheet, until a more sophisticated database with a programmed interface becomes available. The readership is encouraged to enter or edit the databank by returning a completed or amended Survey to the Society. Copies of the form are available from the Society or can be found in the first issue of the Journal of Hematotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Médula Ósea/estadística & datos numéricos , Recolección de Datos , Bases de Datos Factuales , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga/estadística & datos numéricos , Purgación de la Médula Ósea/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Médula Ósea/métodos , Criopreservación , Control de Formularios y Registros , Salud Global , Hematología , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Humanos , Cooperación Internacional , Laboratorios/estadística & datos numéricos , Depleción Linfocítica/estadística & datos numéricos , Sociedades Médicas , Conservación de Tejido , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/métodosRESUMEN
The risk of developing end-stage renal disease is four times higher in the Black than in the White population. The number of Blacks on dialysis or on the waiting list for transplantation continues to grow due to an insufficient number of suitable organ donors. Same-race transplants have been shown to be more successful when blood types and human leucocyte antigens are used as the matching criteria. The low levels of organ donation by Blacks has been attributed to a number of factors. This article reviews some of the more complex factors (e.g., social practices, religious beliefs, and cultural expectations) affecting the organ donation decision. In addition, some implications and strategies are suggested that may increase the rate of organ donation in the Black community.