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1.
BMC Oral Health ; 19(1): 204, 2019 09 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31477127

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Ebiino, a form of Infant Oral Mutilation (IOM), involves the gauging or enucleation of primary canine tooth buds in infants, and is believed to be a form of remedy to a range of childhood diseases. The effects of this practice have ranged from the child experiencing excessive bleeding, opportunistic infections and even death, besides the potential negative dental effects on primary and the developing permanent dentition of the affected child. The purpose of the study was to establish the occurrence of Ebiino and its dental effects in a rural child-population in Uganda. METHODS: This study formed part of a larger descriptive cross-sectional study on dental caries and gingivitis, in which 432 children aged 3-5 years old from Nyakagyeme Sub-county, Rukungiri District, Uganda, participated. All the 432 participants (230 males and 202 females, mean age 4.1 SD = 0.8) who had been recruited through stratified random sampling procedure, and whose caregivers had provided a written informed consent, were included in the study. Initially the past dental history of each participant was obtained, and all the children had an oral examination carried out to establish their dental status. RESULTS: The data gathered were entered in a computer and analysed using Windows SPSS version 23.0. The results of the analysis showed the prevalence of missing teeth not due to reasons like caries or trauma was 8.1%, with the primary canine being the most commonly missing tooth. These unusual missing teeth were attributed to a traditional practice called Ebiino. Chi-square test showed no statistically significant association of Ebiino with gender and age (p = 0.352 and p = 0.909, respectively). Also found in the study were enamel hypoplasia or damage of some primary canines and/or the primary lateral incisors and first primary molars, as well as displacement of adjacent teeth, a result found to be associated with the practice. CONCLUSION: The practice of Ebiino appears to be endemic within the communities in Rukungiri region in spite of the negative impacts in form of hypoplasia, midline shift, trauma, dental displacement and missing adjacent teeth that it had on the primary dentition of the child.


Asunto(s)
Caries Dental/epidemiología , Oclusión Dental Traumática/etnología , Mandíbula/cirugía , Extracción Dental/efectos adversos , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Maloclusión/epidemiología , Medicinas Tradicionales Africanas , Prevalencia , Población Rural , Diente Primario , Uganda/epidemiología
2.
Orthod Fr ; 86(3): 209-19, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26370592

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of extraction of third molars on the occurrence of temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD). A review of the literature and a case-control study have been conducted. The case-control study compares the frequency of extraction of third molars between the sample with TMD (case) and the sample without TMD (control). The proportion of patients who had undergone extractions of wisdom teeth was higher in the case group than in the control group. The difference was statistically significant when patients had undergone extraction of all four wisdom teeth or when the extraction of four wisdom teeth underwent in one sitting or under general anesthesia. The study of patients in case sample shows that all signs of TMD were more common in patients who had undergone extractions in several sessions and under local anesthesia. The temporomandibular joint sounds are significantly more frequent with local anesthesia. In the case group, 85 to 92% of patients have parafunctions and 5 to 11% have malocclusion. This demonstrates the multifactorial etiology of temporomandibular disorders.


Asunto(s)
Tercer Molar/cirugía , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/epidemiología , Extracción Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anestesia Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Anestesia General/estadística & datos numéricos , Anestesia Local/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Oclusión Dental Traumática/epidemiología , Femenino , Francia/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Maloclusión/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales
3.
BMC Oral Health ; 14: 124, 2014 Oct 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25304016

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to quantify changes in brain activity during experimental occlusal interference. METHODS: Fourteen healthy volunteers performed a rhythmical tapping occlusion task with experimental occlusal interference of the right molar tooth at 0 mm (no occlusion), 0.5 mm, and 0.75 mm. The blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal was quantified using statistical parametric mapping and compared between rest periods and task periods. RESULTS: In tapping tasks with experimental occlusal interference of 0.75 mm or 0.5 mm, there was clear activation of the contralateral teeth-related primary sensory cortex and Brodmann's area 46. At 0 and 30 minutes after removal of the experimental occlusal interference, the activation clearly appeared in the bilateral teeth-related primary sensory cortices and Brodmann's area 46. At 60 minutes after the removal of the experimental occlusal interference, the activation of Brodmann's area 46 had disappeared, and only the bilateral teeth-related primary sensory cortices were active. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that adjustments for experimental occlusal interference can be objectively evaluated using fMRI. We expect that this method of evaluating adjustments in occlusal interference, combined with fMRI and the tapping task, could be applied clinically in the future.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/fisiología , Oclusión Dental Traumática/fisiopatología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Adulto , Cerebelo/fisiología , Corteza Cerebral/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Vías Nerviosas/fisiología , Oxígeno/sangre , Corteza Prefrontal/fisiología , Corteza Somatosensorial/fisiología , Tálamo/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Diente/inervación , Percepción del Tacto/fisiología
7.
J Prosthet Dent ; 105(3): 194-202, 2011 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21356412

RESUMEN

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: At present, there is little information available on how practicing dentists manage bruxism patients with respect to conservative, reversible techniques as compared to irreversible techniques. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the most commonly applied therapies used for the management of bruxism by German general dentists (GDs) and dental specialists. In addition, efforts were made to gather information on the knowledge and opinion of GDs and specialists regarding the role of occlusal interferences, in particular, on the development of sleep bruxism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 13-item questionnaire was developed and mailed to all active members of the statutory dental insurance providers of the German North Rhine (n=5500; 2006 roster) and the German Westphalia-Lippe area (n=4984; 2006 roster). Group differences were statistically analyzed using chi-square tests for the qualitative variables and Mann-Whitney U tests for the quantitative variables (α=.05). RESULTS: Occlusal splints were by far the most frequently prescribed therapy for the management of bruxism, followed by relaxation techniques, occlusal equilibration, physiotherapy, and prosthodontic reconstruction. The occlusal stabilization splint with canine protected articulation was the splint type most often prescribed, whereas respondents used unadjusted soft splints for approximately 8% of their bruxism patients. Comparison of the opinions of all responding practicing dentists with that of experts in regard to the statement that "sleep bruxism is caused by occlusal interferences" showed a significant difference between the 2 groups (P=.021). Eighty-five percent of the experts disagreed with this statement, and only 47.7% of the practicing dentists had the same opinion as the experts. CONCLUSIONS: Most practicing dentists seem to concur with current scientific recommendations, and express the opinion that the management of bruxism should predominantly be conservative and reversible; however, the findings of the present survey reveal diverse differences between GDs and dental specialists concerning the most frequently prescribed therapies. Moreover, the discrepancies detected in some areas, such as the use of irreversible techniques or the use of unadjusted soft splints, emphasize the need to more promptly transfer new knowledge in the field of bruxism from researchers to practicing dentists.


Asunto(s)
Bruxismo/terapia , Pautas de la Práctica en Odontología/estadística & datos numéricos , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Bruxismo/etiología , Implantación Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Oclusión Dental Traumática/complicaciones , Diseño de Prótesis Dental , Educación en Odontología , Femenino , Odontología General/estadística & datos numéricos , Alemania , Humanos , Masculino , Ajuste Oclusal/estadística & datos numéricos , Ferulas Oclusales/estadística & datos numéricos , Diseño de Aparato Ortodóncico , Ortodoncia/estadística & datos numéricos , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/estadística & datos numéricos , Terapia por Relajación/estadística & datos numéricos , Bruxismo del Sueño/etiología , Especialidades Odontológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Cirugía Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
Am J Phys Anthropol ; 136(4): 423-31, 2008 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18383160

RESUMEN

Atypical wear and oral lesions were studied in the dental remains from the Middle Neolithic Pitted Ware Culture site Ajvide on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea. Teeth (n = 764) from 17 males and 11 females were examined microscopically to document unusual wear, assess wear patterns and oral lesions as evidence of habitual behavior, and determine their effect on the oral health of this population. Five atypical wear types were observed: occlusal facets, occlusal excessive load, labial vertical striae, labial horizontal striae, and interproximal striae. Three oral lesions were recorded: chipping, periapical lesions, and dental tilting. Results indicate that teeth were used in a habitual manner at Ajvide, based on the morphology and regularity of the patterns of atypical wear. Differences were observed between the sexes, indicating gender-related differences in the habitual use of teeth. Some wear categories showed a significant correlation with age, signifying increased or accumulated wear with age. Statistically significant positive correlations were found in the molars between occlusal excessive load wear and periapical lesions as well as tilting. Other apparent links were also observed between chipping and vertical striae as well as excessive load, although these were not significant. This suggests a relationship between dental wear and dental pathologies at this site, suggesting that habitual use of teeth indirectly affected the general oral health at the site. Wear patterns, furthermore, seem to mirror both frequent activities as well as single events.


Asunto(s)
Abrasión de los Dientes/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Oclusión Dental , Oclusión Dental Traumática/patología , Dieta , Femenino , Geografía , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Boca , Patología Bucal , Conducta Social , Suecia
11.
Community Dent Health ; 22(3): 146-50, 2005 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16161877

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The practice of extraction of ebinyo or false teeth is based on the belief that the rubbing of herbs on the gum (in the region of the canine) or the removal of the primary and/or permanent canine tooth buds will lead to the relief of childhood fevers and diarrhoea. The reported prevalence of this practice in Uganda and neighbouring countries is varied. OBJECTIVE: A survey carried out in Kampala to determine the occlusal traits of fourteen-year-old children offered an opportunity to assess the effects of ebinyo (a dental mutilation based on local customs and superstitions) on the occlusal status of the sample population. METHODS: 402 children aged fourteen years were examined according to the criteria of the Federation Dentaire Internationale Commission on Classification and Statistics for Oral Conditions method for measuring occlusal traits (COCSTOC-MOT) proposed by Baume et al. (1973). RESULTS: The most common dental anomaly was teeth missing due to extraction or trauma. Canines (28%) and mandibular first molars (28%) exhibited the highest frequency. Missing canines were four times more common in girls than boys, and three times greater in the maxilla than the mandible. Canines also accounted for 12.8% of the malformed teeth observed in the study. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the practice of ebinyo, although carried out early in the life of the child, can impact on the occlusal status in the permanent dentition years later.


Asunto(s)
Oclusión Dental Traumática/etiología , Medicinas Tradicionales Africanas , Extracción Dental/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Uganda
12.
J Dent Res ; 83(2): 124-8, 2004 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14742649

RESUMEN

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expressed in the hypothalamus plays an important role in mediating behavioral responses to stressors. Restraining the body of an animal has been shown to activate and induce an enhanced expression of CRF in paraventricular neurons of the rat hypothalamus. Since aggressive biting behavior is known to suppress stress-induced noradrenaline secretion in the central nervous system and the formation of gastric ulcers, we investigated the effect of biting on restraint-induced CRF expression in the rat hypothalamus. The number of CRF-expressing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus increased significantly after short time restraint (30 or 60 min) followed by a 180-minute post-restraint period. Biting of a wooden stick during the restraint stress significantly suppressed the restraint-induced enhancement of CRF expression in the paraventricular nucleus. These observations suggest a possible anti-stress effect of biting and an important role of para-functional masticatory activity in coping with stressful events.


Asunto(s)
Mordeduras y Picaduras/metabolismo , Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/análisis , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico/metabolismo , Adaptación Psicológica/fisiología , Agresión/fisiología , Animales , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Oclusión Dental Traumática/metabolismo , Hipotálamo/patología , Masculino , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/ultraestructura , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/metabolismo , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/patología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Restricción Física , Factores de Tiempo
13.
RCOE, Rev. Ilustre Cons. Gen. Col. Odontól. Estomatól. Esp ; 9(1): 53-59, ene. 2004. ilus, tab, graf
Artículo en Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37978

RESUMEN

Introducción. La infraoclusión es una manifestación cuyo origen es la anquilosis del diente o anquilosis alvéolo dentaria. El crecimiento vertical del diente afectado se encuentra inhibido, y se aprecia por debajo del nivel de oclusión con respecto a los dientes vecinos. El rango de prevalencia de las infraoclusiones es muy amplio. Debido a la importancia clínica que puede tener esta condición se considera conveniente ahondar en la investigación de la frecuencia con que se observa esta anomalía. Material y método. El estudio se realizó utilizando como referencia las radiografías de aleta de mordida de ambos lados y para estimar los milímetros de infraoclusión se tomo como referencia el primer molar permanente. Resultados. De los 849 expedientes revisados, el 10,48 por ciento presentaban infraoclusiones. No hubo diferencias significativas entre sexos. El rango en el cual se presentan mayor número de infraoclusiones es entre los 6 y 8 años. Los primeros molares temporales fueron los dientes más afectados, y las infraoclusiones se consideraron leves en el 69,7 por ciento de los casos. Conclusiones. Se puede destacar que las infraoclusiones son una patología común que no tiene predilección por un sexo concreto y se observa con mayor frecuencia en pacientes en dentición mixta, entre la población infantil estudiada (AU)


Asunto(s)
Femenino , Masculino , Niño , Humanos , Anquilosis del Diente/complicaciones , Oclusión Dental Traumática/etiología , Oclusión Dental Traumática/epidemiología , Atención Odontológica Integral/estadística & datos numéricos
15.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ; 117(3): 267-87, 2000 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10715087

RESUMEN

Two female patients, aged 14 years 5 months and 17 years 3 months with skeletal Class III open bite and temporomandibular dysfunction are presented. They had previously been classified as orthognathic surgical cases, involving first premolar removal. The primary treatment objective was to eliminate those skeletal and neuromuscular factors that were dominant in establishing their malocclusions. These included abnormal behavior of the tongue with short labial and lingual frenula, bilateral imbalance of chewing muscles, a partially blocked nasopharyngeal airway causing extrusion of the molars, with rotation of the mandible and narrowing of the maxillary arch. Resultant occlusal interference caused the mandible to shift to one side, which in turn produced the abnormal occlusal plane and curve of Spee. As a result, the form and function of the joints were adversely affected by the structural and functional asymmetry. These cases were treated by expanding the maxillary arch, which brought the maxilla downward and forward. The mandible moved downward and backward, with a slight increase in anterior facial height. Intruding and uprighting the posterior teeth, combined with a maxillary protraction, reconstructed the occlusal plane. A favorable perioral environment was created with widened tongue space in order to produce an adequate airway. Myofunctional therapy after lingual and labial frenectomy was assisted by vigorous gum chewing during and after treatment, together with a tooth positioner. Normal nasal breathing was achieved.


Asunto(s)
Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/terapia , Ortodoncia Correctiva/métodos , Adolescente , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/complicaciones , Oclusión Dental Traumática/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Frenillo Labial/patología , Frenillo Labial/cirugía , Frenillo Lingual/patología , Frenillo Lingual/cirugía , Estudios Longitudinales , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/patología , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/fisiopatología , Mandíbula/patología , Músculos Masticadores/fisiopatología , Maxilar/patología , Terapia Miofuncional , Enfermedades Nasofaríngeas/complicaciones , Técnica de Expansión Palatina , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Rotación , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/etiología , Hábitos Linguales/efectos adversos , Hábitos Linguales/terapia , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dimensión Vertical
16.
J Dent Res ; 78(6): 1204-13, 1999 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10371243

RESUMEN

Occlusal disharmonies have classically been thought to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of bruxism, as have, more recently, alterations in central neurotransmission, particularly dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, the connection between these two factors has still not been established. In this study, we assessed the effects of diverse occlusal disharmonies, maintained for either 1 day or 14 days, on neurochemical indices of dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity in the striatum, frontal cortex, and hypothalamus of the rat. The in vivo activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, determined as the accumulation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), 30 min after the administration of 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine, a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, and dopamine and noradrenaline contents were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The wearing of an acrylic cap on both lower incisors for 1 day induced a significant increase in DOPA accumulation in the regions analyzed, with parallel increases in dopamine levels in the hypothalamus and dopamine and noradrenaline in the frontal cortex. After the cap was maintained for 14 days, DOPA accumulation tended to return to control values, except in the left striatum, thereby causing an imbalance between hemispheres. In contrast, 1 or 14 days after the lower left and the upper right incisors were cut, less pronounced changes in catecholaminergic neurotransmission were found in the brain areas studied. Moreover, the cutting of one lower incisor did not modify either DOPA accumulation or dopamine and noradrenaline contents in the striatum or hypothalamus. These results provide experimental evidence of a modulation of central catecholaminergic neurotransmission by occlusal disharmonies, being dependent on the nature of the incisal alteration and on the time during which it was maintained.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Oclusión Dental Traumática/metabolismo , Maloclusión/metabolismo , Receptores de Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Transmisión Sináptica/fisiología , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Inhibidores de Descarboxilasas de Aminoácidos Aromáticos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cuerpo Estriado/metabolismo , Dihidroxifenilalanina/metabolismo , Dopamina/análisis , Electroquímica , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Epinefrina/análisis , Lóbulo Frontal/metabolismo , Hidrazinas/farmacología , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptores Adrenérgicos/metabolismo , Receptores Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Tirosina 3-Monooxigenasa/metabolismo
17.
Br Dent J ; 182(7): 261-6, 1997 Apr 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9134814

RESUMEN

A series of 46 cases of root fracture with four different patterns occurring in 51 non-endodontically treated teeth were studied. All of the patients had chewing habits which induced a unique root fracture. The results of this study suggest an additional cause of root fracture that has not been described previously. Here, the new term 'fatigue root fracture' is used to describe a fracture that results from an excessive, repetitive, heavy masticatory stress applied to a tooth. The majority (80%) of cases of this kind of fracture are vertical and occur mainly (96%) in persons over the age of 40. In addition, all the teeth affected were posterior teeth, and the majority (51%) were mandibular first molars.


Asunto(s)
Fuerza de la Mordida , Oclusión Dental Traumática/complicaciones , Fracturas Espontáneas/etiología , Fracturas de los Dientes/etiología , Raíz del Diente/lesiones , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Areca , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diente Molar/lesiones , Plantas Medicinales
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