RESUMEN
The review uses the Helicobacter pylori, the gastric bacterium that colonizes the human stomach, to address how to obtain information from bacterial genomes about prophage biology. In a time of continuous growing number of genomes available, this review provides tools to explore genomes for prophage presence, or other mobile genetic elements and virulence factors. The review starts by covering the genetic diversity of H. pylori and then moves to the biologic basis and the bioinformatics approaches used for studding the H. pylori phage biology from their genomes and how this is related with the bacterial population structure. Aspects concerning H. pylori prophage biology, evolution and phylogeography are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Genoma Bacteriano , Genoma Viral , Infecciones por Helicobacter/epidemiología , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Profagos/genética , Factores de Virulencia/genética , África/epidemiología , Asia/epidemiología , Teorema de Bayes , Coevolución Biológica , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Genes Esenciales , Infecciones por Helicobacter/microbiología , Infecciones por Helicobacter/transmisión , Helicobacter pylori/clasificación , Helicobacter pylori/aislamiento & purificación , Helicobacter pylori/virología , Historia Antigua , Migración Humana/historia , Humanos , Secuencias Repetitivas Esparcidas , Filogenia , Filogeografía , Profagos/clasificación , Profagos/aislamiento & purificación , Secuenciación Completa del GenomaRESUMEN
Since this book was originally published in 2007 there has been a significant increase in the number of Salmonella bacteriophages, particularly lytic virus, and Salmonella strains which have been fully sequenced. In addition, new insights into phage taxonomy have resulted in new phage genera, some of which have been recognized by the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). The properties of each of these genera are discussed, along with the role of phage as agents of genetic exchange, as therapeutic agents, and their involvement in phage typing.