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1.
J Biomed Mater Res A ; 109(7): 1113-1124, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32985059

RESUMO

The current study investigated the immunomodulating and osteoblast differentiation potential of the natural compounds from Leea macrophylla (LMN). Immunomodulatory effects have been investigated by the phagocytosis of Candida albicans using polymorphonuclear neutrophil cells in the in vitro slide method. A bioactivity-guided fractionation technique was used to evaluate the stimulating effect of L. macrophylla methanol extract on osteoblast differentiation using mouse osteoblastic cells. A low dose of LMN was found to stimulate the phagocytic effect better than a higher dose. The natural compounds from L. macrophylla have significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin activities. The LMN promoted the osteoblast differentiation through upregulation of ALP, osteocalcin, and type 1 collagen in a dose-dependent manner. These natural compounds also upregulated ALP, osteocalcin, and type 1 collagen gene expressions. The data suggest that LMN has potential anabolic sequel on bone formation and osteoblast differentiation.


Assuntos
Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Vitaceae , Fosfatase Alcalina/genética , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno Tipo I/genética , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteocalcina/genética , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Vitaceae/química
2.
Curr Drug Targets ; 21(16): 1687-1702, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32682372

RESUMO

Homeostasis of bone is closely regulated by the balanced activities between the bone resorbing activity of osteoclast cells and bone-forming ability of osteoblast cells. Multinucleated osteoclasts degrade bone matrix and involve in the dynamic bone remodelling in coordination with osteoblasts. Disruption of this regulatory balance between these cells or any imbalance in bone remodelling caused by a higher rate of resorption over construction of bone results in a decrease of bone matrix including bone mineral density (BMD). These osteoclast-dominant effects result in a higher risk of bone crack and joint demolition in several bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Tridax procumbens is a very interesting perennial plant and its secondary metabolites called here T. procumbens flavonoids (TPFs) are well-known phytochemical agents owing to various therapeutic practices such as anti-inflammatory, anti-anaemic and anti-diabetic actions. This review designed to focus the systematic convention concerning the medicinal property and mechanism of actions of TPFs for the management of bone-related diseases. Based on the current literature, the review offers evidence-based information of TPFs for basic researchers and clinicians for the prevention and treatment of bone related diseases, including osteoporosis. It also emphasizes the medical significance for more research to comprehend the cellular signalling pathways of TPFs for the regulation of bone remodelling and discusses the possible promising ethnobotanical resource that can convey the preclinical and clinical clues to develop the next generation therapeutic agents for the treatment of bonerelated disorders.


Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/efeitos adversos , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Flavonoides/química , Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos , Homeostase/fisiologia , Humanos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade
3.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 103: 1154-1162, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29715759

RESUMO

Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor) has been reported to possess many benefits and medicinal properties and used as a part of traditional medicine in Ayurveda and Siddha. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Amaranthus tricolor on isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress, fibrosis, and myocardial damage in ovariectomized rats. Ovariectomy surgery was conducted to remove both ovaries from the rats. After recovery, rats were administered with ISO subcutaneously (50 mg/kg) twice a week and were treated with ethanolic extracts of A. tricolor. This investigation showed that the level of oxidative stress markers was significantly increased while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in ISO administered ovariectomized rats. A. tricolor extract and atenolol treatment prevented the rise of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and advanced protein oxidation product. Moreover, elevated activities of AST, ALT, and CK-MB enzymes were also lowered by both atenolol and A. tricolor treatment. Increased uric acid and creatinine levels were also normalized by atenolol, and A. Tricolor treatment in ISO administered ovariectomized rats. ISO-induced ovariectomized rats also showed massive inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis and iron deposition in heart compared to sham rats. Atenolol and A. tricolor treatment prevented the inflammatory cells infiltration, fibrosis, and iron deposition. These results suggest that A. tricolor treatment may protect against ISO administered myocardial infarction in ovariectomized rats probably by preventing inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. Further research is warranted to examine molecular mechanism of cardioprotective effect of A. tricolor.


Assuntos
Amaranthus/química , Cardiotônicos/uso terapêutico , Infarto do Miocárdio/prevenção & controle , Miocárdio/patologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Cardiotônicos/isolamento & purificação , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Isoproterenol , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Ovariectomia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Ratos Wistar
4.
Biol Res ; 50(1): 28, 2017 Sep 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28886722

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Tridax procumbens extracts (TPE) are known for their ethno-medicinal properties to increase osteogenic functioning in mesenchymal stem cells. Recently, we found that the T. procumbens flavonoids (TPF) significantly suppressed the RANKL-induced osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption. The TPF also promoted osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation demonstrated by increasing bone formation markers in cultured mouse primary osteoblasts. However, the effects of the TPF on in vivo bone formation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of the TPF on in vivo bone formation, injected the TPF (20 mg/kg) twice a day in the low calcium diet mice and killed them after 21 day. Radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the dissected bones to determine the anabolic effects of the TPF. RESULTS: Bone mineral density and bone mineral content of the TPF-treated mice were significantly increased compared to the control mice. Bone formation-related indices like osteoblast number, osteoblast surface, bone volume, mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate were significantly increased in the TPF-treated mice compared to the control mice. CONCLUSION: Our findings point towards the stimulation of bone formation by TPF, suggested that the TPF could be a potential natural anabolic agent to treat patients with bone loss-associated diseases such as osteoporosis.


Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Reabsorção Óssea/tratamento farmacológico , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Flavonoides/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos
5.
Biol Res ; 48: 65, 2015 Nov 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26581452

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tridax procumbens flavonoids (TPFs) are well known for their medicinal properties among local natives. Besides traditionally used for dropsy, anemia, arthritis, gout, asthma, ulcer, piles, and urinary problems, it is also used in treating gastric problems, body pain, and rheumatic pains of joints. TPFs have been reported to increase osteogenic functioning in mesenchymal stem cells. Our previous study showed that TPFs were significantly suppressed the RANKL-induced differentiation of osteoclasts and bone resorption. However, the effects of TPFs to promote osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation remain unclear. TPFs were isolated from Tridax procumbens and investigated for their effects on osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation by using primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts. RESULTS: TPFs promoted osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated by up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. TPFs also upregulated osteoblast differentiation related genes, including osteocalcin, osterix, and Runx2 in primary osteoblasts. TPFs treated primary osteoblast cells showed significant upregulation of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) including Bmp-2, Bmp-4, and Bmp-7. Addition of noggin, a BMP specific-antagonist, inhibited TPFs induced upregulation of the osteocalcin, osterix, and Runx2. CONCLUSION: Our findings point towards the induction of osteoblast differentiation by TPFs and suggested that TPFs could be a potential anabolic agent to treat patients with bone loss-associated diseases such as osteoporosis.


Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfatase Alcalina/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas Morfogenéticas Ósseas/metabolismo , Calcificação Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/metabolismo , Flavonoides/análise , Medicina Tradicional , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteocalcina/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteocalcina/genética , Cultura Primária de Células , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Crânio/citologia , Crânio/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição Sp7 , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Regulação para Cima/genética
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