Effects of Deodorization on the Formation of Processing Contaminants and Chemical Quality of Sunflower Oil.

Tocopherols and phytosterols are generally considered to be nutritionally beneficial, and 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPD esters), glycidyl esters (GEs) and trans fatty acids (TFAs) are generally considered to be harmful. The high temperature deodorization step is when these harmful 3-MCPD esters, GEs and TFAs are generated. Knowing how deodorization conditions affect levels of these substances is essential for designing refining processes that will produce nutritious, high quality edible oils. This study analyzed the changes of these components of sunflower oil at different temperatures (210, 230, 250 and 270°C) and times (60, 80, 100 and 120 min) during deodorization. Our research found that during the whole deodorization process (including undeodorized sunflower oil), the contents of 3-MCPD esters, GEs and TFAs all progressively increased, from 0.47 to 11.18 mg/kg, 0.24 to 18.42 mg/kg and 0.062% to 0.698%, respectively. However, the deodorization process significantly decreased the levels of tocopherols (from 535.94 to 240.26 mg/kg) and phytosterols (from 2803.58 to 1864.34 mg/kg). Meanwhile, the retention ratios of total tocopherols and total phytosterols also decreased from 96.29% to 44.83% and 92.29% to 66.50%, respectively.

[Preparation and in vitro evaluation of arsenic trioxide glioma targeting drug delivery system loaded by PAMAM dendrimers co-modified with RGDyC and PEG].

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective component of traditional Chinese medicine arsenic. The existing studies have shown its good inhibition and apoptosis ability on a variety of tumours. However, its toxicity and difficulties in the permeability into the blood brain barrier (BBB) has the limitation in the application of glioma treatment. Polyamide-amine dendrimer (PAMAM) is a synthetic polymer with many advantages, such as a good permeability, stability and biocompatibility. Additionally, the 5th generation of PAMAM is an ideal drug carrier due to its three-dimensional structure. In this study, the 5th generation of PAMAM co-modified with RGDyC and PEG, then confirmed by ¹H-NMR. The average particle size of nanoparticles was about 20 nm according to the nanoparticle size-potential analyser and transmission electron microscopy. in vitro release showed that the nanocarrier not only has the sustained release effect, but also some pH-sensitive properties. The cell results showed that PAMAM co-modified with RGDyC and PEGAM has a lower cytotoxicity than the non-modified group in vitro. Accordingly, the drug delivery system has a better anti-tumour effect across the blood brain barrier (BBB) in vitro, which further proves the tumour targeting of RGDyC.

Preparation and evaluation of arsenic trioxide glioma targeting drug delivery system loaded by PAMAM dendrimers co-modified with RGDyC and PEG / 中国中药杂志

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective component of traditional Chinese medicine arsenic. The existing studies have shown its good inhibition and apoptosis ability on a variety of tumours. However, its toxicity and difficulties in the permeability into the blood brain barrier (BBB) has the limitation in the application of glioma treatment. Polyamide-amine dendrimer (PAMAM) is a synthetic polymer with many advantages, such as a good permeability, stability and biocompatibility. Additionally, the 5th generation of PAMAM is an ideal drug carrier due to its three-dimensional structure. In this study, the 5th generation of PAMAM co-modified with RGDyC and PEG, then confirmed by ¹H-NMR. The average particle size of nanoparticles was about 20 nm according to the nanoparticle size-potential analyser and transmission electron microscopy. release showed that the nanocarrier not only has the sustained release effect, but also some pH-sensitive properties. The cell results showed that PAMAM co-modified with RGDyC and PEGAM has a lower cytotoxicity than the non-modified group . Accordingly, the drug delivery system has a better anti-tumour effect across the blood brain barrier (BBB) , which further proves the tumour targeting of RGDyC.