Recent Progress in Chemical Composition, Production, and Pharmaceutical Effects of Kombucha Beverage: A Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Kombucha is a valuable traditional natural tea that contains beneficial compounds like organic acids, minerals, different vitamins, proteins, polyphenols, and several anions. Kombucha possesses anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal activity as well as hepatoprotective effects. Considering the unique properties of Kombucha, several investigations have already been conducted on its nutritional properties. In this review, an effort has been devoted to pool recent literature on the biomedical application of Kombucha under the objectives, including the chemical composition of Kombucha and industrial production, and highlight different properties of Kombucha. Finally, we explain its adverse effects and prospect. This review is an active, in-depth, and inclusive report about Kombucha and its health benefits.

Rapid ultrasound-assisted microextraction of atorvastatin in the sample of blood plasma by nickel metal organic modified with alumina nanoparticles.

In the present work, nickel-1,4-benzenedioxyacetic acid was synthesized as a rod-like metal organic material and then modified with alumina nanoparticles to synthesize nickel metal organic modified-Al2 O3 nanoparticles. The material was found as an efficient sorbent for the enrichment of atorvastatin in human blood plasma. After the extraction of the sample of plasma by ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction, high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet was used to determine the quantitatively pre-concentrated interest analyte. The conditions for optimum extraction were achieved by the optimization of the volume of eluent, dosage of the sorbent, and time of sonication. Solution pH of 7.0, 250 µL of ethanol, 45 mg of the sorbent, and 10 min of sonication time were the conditions for extracting the atorvastatin maximum recovery of higher than 97.0%. By using desirability function for the optimization of the process, the present method showed a response that was linear ranging from 0.2 to 800 ng/mL with regression coefficient of 0.999 in the plasma of human blood with a satisfactory detection limit of 0.05 ng/mL, while the precision of interday for the current method was found to be <5%. It can be concluded that dispersive solid phase extraction method is effective for the extraction of atorvastatin from human plasma samples (97.4-102%) due to its easy operation, simplicity, repeatability, and reliability.

Data on cytotoxic and antibacterial activity of synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris.

The biosynthesis of materials using medicinal plants can be a low-cost and eco-friendly approach due to their extraordinary properties. Herein, we reported a facile synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris. The surface morphology, functional groups, and elemental analysis were done to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity performance of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed by exposing nanoparticles to MCF-7 and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines through MTT colorimetric assay and the IC50 value was defined as 100 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial performance of synthesized nanoparticles against four different bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were assessed through microdilution broth method. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris demonstrated higher antibacterial effects against Gram-positive strains with MIC values of 62.5 µg/mL and 125 µg/mL which increase the inhibitory percentage to more than 90%.

Fabrication of size controlled nanocomposite based on zirconium alkoxide for enrichment of Gallic acid in biological and herbal tea samples.

In this work, novel water-dispersible size controlled nanocomposite based on zirconium alkoxide as metal organic precursor was fabricated and subsequently applied for rapid, efficient and selective preconcentration of gallic acid in human plasma and herbal tea samples. The resultant nanocomposite (Fe3O4@Zr(OtBu)4@Laurate) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope and X-ray spectrometer, while laurate forms aggregates on the surface of the nanocomposite and thereby improves sorption of gallic acid. The effects of some variables on efficiency of gallic acid from real samples were optimized by central composite design; while optimum points were achieved as follows: pH 3.5, 35.0 mg of nanocomposite, 150.0 µL of eluent and 3.0 min sonication time. Chromatographic separation was carried out on analytical Nucleosil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 µm particle size) at ambient temperature with methanol: water (40:60, v/v) pH adjusted at 3.5 follow by UV detection at 270 nm. Acceptable limit of detection (0.2 µg kg-1) and wide linear range (1.0-700.0 µg kg-1) in coincidence with reasonable enrichment factor (EF = 125) are the unique advantages, which promise this method for quantification of this compound in real samples with complicated matrices.

MOF-5(Zn)-Fe2O4 nanocomposite based magnetic solid-phase microextraction followed by HPLC-UV for efficient enrichment of colchicine in root of colchicium extracts and plasma samples.

In present work, facile method is developed for determination of colchicine in human plasma sample, autumn and spring root of colchicium extracts by ultrasound assisted dispersive magnetic solid phase microextraction followed by HPLC-UV method (UAD-MSPME-HPLC-UV). Magnetic (Fe2O4-nanoparticles) metal organic framework-5, (MOF-5(Zn)-Fe2O4NPs) was synthesized by dispersing MOF-5 and Fe(NO3)3.9H2O in ethylene glycol (as capping agent) and NaOH (pH adjustment agent) by hydrothermal method. The prepared sorbent was characterized via XRD and SEM analysis and applied as magnetic solid phase in UAD-MSPME-HPLC-UV method. In this method, colchicine molecules were sorbed on MOF-5(Zn)-Fe2O4NPs sorbent by various mechanisms like ion exchange, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic, á´¨-á´¨, hard-hard and dipole-ion interaction followed by exposing sonication waves as incremental mass transfer agent and then the sorbent was separated from the sample matrix by an external magnetic fields. Subsequently, accumulated colchicine were eluted by small volume of desorption organic solvent. Influence of operational variables such as MOF-5(Zn)-Fe2O4NPs mass, volume of extracting solvent and sonication time on response property (recovery) were studied and optimized by central composite design (CCD) combined with desirability function (DF) approach. Under optimum condition, the method has wide linear calibration rang (0.5-1700ngmL-1) with reasonable detection limit (0.13ngmL-1) and R2=0.9971. Finally, the UAD-MSPME-HPLC-UV method was successfully applied for determination of colchicine autumn and spring root of colchicium extracts and plasma samples.