MRI-based analysis of predictive factors for nucleus pulposus resorption in patients with lumbar disc herniation treated with three-dimensional balanced chiropractic technique / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To observe the effectiveness of the three-dimensional balanced chiropractic technique in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and analyze predictive factors for resorption of the herniated nucleus pulposus based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods From June 2015 to June 2021, 95 patients with LDH treated with the three-dimensional balanced chiropractic techniquein our hospital were followed up for clinical and MRI data. They were divided into resorption group and non-resorption group based on the nucleus pulposus resorption rate. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of 12 factors (sex, age, course of disease, etc.)with nucleus pulposus resorption. Results Thirty-two cases (33.7%)were found at follow-up to have nucleus pulposus resorption (resorption rate≥30%). Resorption was most likely to occur in patients with a disease course of less than a year (P < 0.001), type 3 LDH accoding to the Michigan State University (MSU) classification (P = 0.014), leg numbness (P = 0.006), and a L4/5 or L5/S1 disc herniation (P < 0.001). Conclusion MRI can be used as an important tool to observe nucleus pulposus resorption in LDH. A disease course of less than a year, MSU type 3, leg numbness, a L4/5 or L5/S1 disc herniation are associated with a higher possibility of nucleus pulposus resorption, which can be used as indicators predicting the outcome of patients with LDH treated with the three-dimensional balanced chiropractic technique.

Systems Pharmacology Ⅲ: Application Progress in Interpretation of Holistic Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Holistic medicine is an interdisciplinary field that integrates all types of biological information (proteins, small molecules, tissues, organs, external environmental signals, etc.) to provide predictable and operational models for healthcare and disease treatment. Despite the global and integrative character of this discipline, scientific evidences to clarify the mechanism of holistic medicine is still lacking. Systems pharmacology, as a newly developed discipline based on the interdisciplinary and integration of classical pharmacology, computer technology, bioinformatics, and network pharmacology, has systematically studied the interaction between drugs and the human body, as well as its law and nature at the molecular, cellular, organ and network levels. Since its birth in 2011, this discipline has been widely used in the research of the promotion of holistic medicine, compound analysis, the development of new drugs, and interpretation of basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this paper, in order to provide new methods and ideas for the modernization of holistic medicine, the authors introduce the research ideas of systems pharmacology of TCM in detail, and the mechanism of holistic medicine in the treatment of complex diseases is explained by sorting out the researches of systems pharmacology on multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway, multi-function, compatibility of TCM, etc.

Overview of Research on Chinese Medicine Patents for Prevention and Treatment of Asthenopia and Analysis Their Medication Rule / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore drug utilizing regularity of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in treating and preventing asthenopia by analyzing the patent status of TCM in the field of asthenopia control for nearly 20 years. Method: Global patents about TCM in treating and preventing asthenopia were systematic searched in IncoPat platform.The application trend,legal status and categories of patents were analyzed.Meanwhile,the oral prescriptions and external prescriptions were performed correlation index analysis by IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0,respectively;the difference of compatibility rules between them was compared. Result: The number of global patents in treating and preventing asthenopia gradually increased,and the proportion of patents from China was more than 99%.The main patent applications were pharmaceutical composition,oral preparation,external eye patch and so on,but the ratio of licensed patents in total patents was low.In term of drug utilizing regularity,the oral prescriptions paid much attention to using TCM for nourishing the liver and kidney,while external prescriptions highlighted relieving sickness heat and detoxification. Conclusion: Patents of TCM in treating and preventing asthenopia has been kept increasing in recent years,but the authorization rate is low.Formulation based on TCM theory can be statistically summarized,which can be helpful for the development of anti-asthenopia products.

Anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble alkaloid fractions from ethanolic extracts of Sophora moorcroftiana seeds in Caenorhabditis elegans / 中国天然药物

Parasite infections of humans and animals remain a major global health problem, with limited choice of drugs being available to the treatment of parasitosis in the clinic. Sophora moorcroftiana (S. moorcroftiana) is a shrub that grows in Tibet Plateau of China. Decoction of the seeds has been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine to treat parasitosis for years. But the anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble fractions in the seeds need further investigation. In the present study, the water-soluble alkaloid fractions (E2) were obtained from S. moorcroftiana seeds by refluxing extraction with 60% ethanol and low polarity fraction (E2-a) and high polarity fraction (E2-b) were subsequently isolated from E2 using column chromatography. As a parasite model, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were treated with different fractions and their survivals were recorded. The results showed that that E2-a induced a lower survival rate in C. elegans than E2-b and E2. The protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) were cultured in the presence of E2-a. Compared with E2-b and E2, protoscoleces exhibited decreased survival rate following E2-a treatment. Furtherly, the effects of E2-a on the behavior, brood size, and lifespan of the worms were investigated. Body bend frequencies of the worms treated with the high concentration of E2-a were reduced by two-thirds compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with non-E2-a-treated group, exposure of nematodes to E2-a led to a decrease in head thrashes and pharyngeal pumps frequency (P < 0.01). E2-a treatment resulted in a significantly lower brood size (P < 0.01). Additional E2-a treatment induced a significantly shortened lifespan, compared with the control (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that water-soluble fraction E2-a from S. moorcroftiana seeds was a potential helminthic agent.

Anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble alkaloid fractions from ethanolic extracts of Sophora moorcroftiana seeds in Caenorhabditis elegans / 中国天然药物

Parasite infections of humans and animals remain a major global health problem, with limited choice of drugs being available to the treatment of parasitosis in the clinic. Sophora moorcroftiana (S. moorcroftiana) is a shrub that grows in Tibet Plateau of China. Decoction of the seeds has been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine to treat parasitosis for years. But the anti-parasitic effects of water-soluble fractions in the seeds need further investigation. In the present study, the water-soluble alkaloid fractions (E2) were obtained from S. moorcroftiana seeds by refluxing extraction with 60% ethanol and low polarity fraction (E2-a) and high polarity fraction (E2-b) were subsequently isolated from E2 using column chromatography. As a parasite model, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were treated with different fractions and their survivals were recorded. The results showed that that E2-a induced a lower survival rate in C. elegans than E2-b and E2. The protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) were cultured in the presence of E2-a. Compared with E2-b and E2, protoscoleces exhibited decreased survival rate following E2-a treatment. Furtherly, the effects of E2-a on the behavior, brood size, and lifespan of the worms were investigated. Body bend frequencies of the worms treated with the high concentration of E2-a were reduced by two-thirds compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with non-E2-a-treated group, exposure of nematodes to E2-a led to a decrease in head thrashes and pharyngeal pumps frequency (P < 0.01). E2-a treatment resulted in a significantly lower brood size (P < 0.01). Additional E2-a treatment induced a significantly shortened lifespan, compared with the control (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that water-soluble fraction E2-a from S. moorcroftiana seeds was a potential helminthic agent.

Exemplification of Medical Cases of Treatment for Hypersalivation Syndrome Through Common Therapy on Spleen and Kidney / 中国中医药信息杂志

The basic pathogenesis of hypersalivation syndrome is the deficiency of spleen and kidney, which results in the imbalance of water metabolism and intake disorder. There are two different characters included in polysialia and profuse spittle. Therefore, dialectics should start from the spleen and kidney, and warming yang and resolving dampness, strengthening spleen and reinforcing kidney should be the treatment. Two medical cases for the treatment of hypersalivation syndrome were illustrated in this article. Lizhong Decoction and Linggui Zhugan Decoction were the basic prescriptions, and combined with the Chinese materia medica with the function of reinforcing kidney andintaking the saliva, with obvious efficacy.

Design and application of silver needle-knife / 中国针灸

A silver needle-knife which has the dual function of silver needle and needle-knife is designed. The main components of this silver needle-knife are approximately 50% silver and approximately 50% nichrome. The silver needle-knife is composed of five parts, including needle-knife tail, spiral handle; steering handle, needle-knife body and needle-knife edge. It converges the advantages of needle-knife and silver needle, which can cut loose of diseased tissue and peel adhesion of lesions, but also be heated with moxa cone and thermal therapeutic instrument, and connect with electroacupuncture apparatus. It has the function of warming channel and removing coldness, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, resolving spasm and relieving pain, dredging the channel and so on. Due to the spiral handle and the steering handle, the operation is easier, which reduces the blindness of cutting and increase the safety. It is mainly used for soft tissue injury, rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as degenerative diseases of spine and joint, and it has obvious efficacy on some internal medical diseases.

Influence of implant surface topography on bone-regenerative potential and mechanical retention in the human maxilla and mandible.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short- and mid-term effects of commercial pure (cp) titanium implant surface topography on osseointegration, bone-regenerative potential and mechanical retention in the human maxilla and mandible. METHODS: 32 micro-implants with the same geometry but with four different surface treatments were implanted in the maxilla and mandible of eight patients. Each patient received four micro-implants, one of each type. Percentage of bone-to-implant contact analysis and histological evaluation was carried 3, 6 and 12 weeks after implantation. Furthermore, reverse removal torque tests were conducted 3 and 6 weeks after implantation to analyze functional bone attachment. Implant surfaces tested were: machined, grit-blasted, acid-etched, and grit-blasted with acid-etch. One-way ANOVA was performed using the multiple comparison Fisher's test to determine significance of observed differences among test groups. The level of significance was established at 5% (P < 0.05). Mean and standard deviations of the test groups were calculated. RESULTS: Surface roughness had a significant correlation with the evolution of bone regeneration. The surfaces with roughness Ra approximately 4 microim (grit-blasted and grit-blasted with acid-etch), showed rapid tissue colonization compared to machine and acid-etched surfaces. The results of reverse removal torque tests confirmed a significant correlation between surface roughness and functional bone attachment. Grit-blasted and grit-blasted with acid etched surfaces showed higher retention values compared to machine and acid-etched implants. This finding was supported by higher bone-to-implant contact observed for rougher surfaces (grit-blasted and grit-blasted with acid etching).

Effects of Er-Zhi-Wan on microarchitecture and regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW), a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae (HE) and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur, but its effect on osteoporosis of alveolar bone remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW) on the microarchitecture and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (sham, n=10), ovariectomy (OVX) group (n=10), and OVX with EZW treatment group (EZW group, n=10). From one week after ovariectomy, EZW (100 mg/mL) or vehicle (distilled water) was fed (1 mL/100 g) once per day for 12 weeks until the sacrifice of the rats. The body weights were measured weekly. After sacrifice, the sera and mandible were collected and routinely prepared for the measurement of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture, serum levels of E2, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b), as well as mandibular mRNA expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway molecules wnt3a, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), β-catenin and dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1). The results showed that EZW treatment significantly prevented the body weight gain, degradation of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture and alveolar bone loss in the OVX rats. Furthermore, we observed that EZW could increase the serum levels of E2 and BALP, and decrease levels of serum TRAP5b in EZW group compared with vehicle group. In addition, RT-PCR results revealed that EZW upregulated the expression levels of wnt3a, LRP5 and β-catenin, and reduced the expression of DKK1 in OVX rats. Taken together, our results suggested that EZW may have potential anti-osteoporotic effects on osteoporotic alveolar bone by stimulating Wnt/LRP5/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Effects of Er-Zhi-Wan on microarchitecture and regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW), a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae (HE) and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur, but its effect on osteoporosis of alveolar bone remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW) on the microarchitecture and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (sham, n=10), ovariectomy (OVX) group (n=10), and OVX with EZW treatment group (EZW group, n=10). From one week after ovariectomy, EZW (100 mg/mL) or vehicle (distilled water) was fed (1 mL/100 g) once per day for 12 weeks until the sacrifice of the rats. The body weights were measured weekly. After sacrifice, the sera and mandible were collected and routinely prepared for the measurement of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture, serum levels of E2, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b), as well as mandibular mRNA expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway molecules wnt3a, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), β-catenin and dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1). The results showed that EZW treatment significantly prevented the body weight gain, degradation of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture and alveolar bone loss in the OVX rats. Furthermore, we observed that EZW could increase the serum levels of E2 and BALP, and decrease levels of serum TRAP5b in EZW group compared with vehicle group. In addition, RT-PCR results revealed that EZW upregulated the expression levels of wnt3a, LRP5 and β-catenin, and reduced the expression of DKK1 in OVX rats. Taken together, our results suggested that EZW may have potential anti-osteoporotic effects on osteoporotic alveolar bone by stimulating Wnt/LRP5/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Simultaneous determination of five anthraquinones in a Chinese traditional preparation by RP-HPLC using an improved extraction procedure / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The stable quality of Chinese herbal medicines is a critical factor for their reliable clinical efficiency. An improved liquid-liquid extraction procedure and a liquid chromatographic method were developed to simultaneously analyze five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in a Chinese traditional hospital preparation, Fuyankang mixture, in order to quantitatively control its quality in a more effective way.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A more economical and repeatable extraction procedure based on conventional liquid-liquid extraction technique was developed and used to extract five marker components in Fuyankang mixture. These anthraquinones were separated in less than 20 min on a C18 column with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid (88:12, v/v) as mobile phase. The method was validated for specificity, precision, spiked recovery and stability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to conventional liquid-liquid extraction, the improved liquid-liquid extraction was found to be more effective for simultaneous extraction of anthraquinones from an aqueous Chinese herbal preparation, especially for hydrophobic compounds. The improved extraction method was successfully applied to determine the content of five marker components in Fuyankang mixture by the means of reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved extraction procedure may be suitable for routine quality control of Fuyankang mixture and other traditional preparations at city-level hospitals in China.</p>

Arnebia root oil promotes histological change and up-regulates bFGF and it's mRNA expression in the raw surface of the rabbits / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular biological mechanism of arnebia root oil in promoting wound surface healing by observing histological change and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) mRNA expression in the wound surface tissues of 2 groups, as well as the wound surface healing rate.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Experimental model of incised-wound was produced on the back of 18 New Zealand albino rabbits. The wound surfaces were randomly divided into two groups, namely, experimental group and control group. The wound surfaces in the experimental group were treated by arnebia root oil and those in control group were treated by petrolatum gauze. Then raw surfaces were evaluated by the techniques of histology, histochemistry and electron microscope and the healing rates of the raw surfaces were compared between the two groups. Content of bFGF and it's mRNA expression in wound surface tissue was also measured by means of Western-blot and RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The wound surface healing rate in experimental group was higher than that in control group( P < 0.05). The fibroblast, collagen and blood capillaries were comparatively richer in experimental group as compared with those in control group, and similarly, the expression of bFGF mRNA was also significantly enhanced in the experimental group as compared with control group during the various periods of treatment. In addition, the changes in the expressions of bFGF and it's mRNA paralleled the changes of healing rates in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>the present results showed that amebia root oil significantly can promote the healing of raw surfaces, which may be mediated by up-regulation of bFGF expression.</p>

Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on expression of p21, cyclin E and CDK2 in the process of cell senescence / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the possible role of p21, cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) in the protection of ginsenoside Rg1 against tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced senescence in WI-38 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cellular ultrastructure, cytometric assay and beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) cytochemistry staining were used to evaluate cell senescence. The levels of of p21, cyclin E and CDK2 protein were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pretreatment with Rg1 significantly attenuated t-BHP-induced senescence in WI-38 cells. Simultaneously, compared with cells treated with t-BHP alone, Rg1 pretreatment markedly decreased the level of p21 protein and increased the levels of CDK2 and cyclin E.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>p21, cyclin E and CDK2 may be involved in the process of ginsenoside Rg1 protection against t-BHP-induced senescence in WI-38 cells.</p>

Preliminary study on effect of ganhuang injection on reject reaction of xenograft / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Ganhuang Injection (GHI) on reject reaction of xenograft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RT-PCR technique was used to detect the activated relevant gene expression in porcine endothelial cells (PEC), and 51Cr releasing method was used to test the killing and adhesion action of NK cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The normal human serum and human NK-92 cell could up-regulate the mRNA expressions of E-selectin and IL-1 alpha gene in PEC, showing the PEC activating action, GHI could inhibit these activated gene expressions. Cyto-toxic experiment showed that GHI could also inhibit the cytotoxicity of NK cell on PEC dose-dependently, which was in accord with its inhibition on adhesive action of NK on PEC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GHI could inhibit not only the PEC activation in hyperacute rejection, but also the function of NK cells in delayed xenograft rejection.</p>