[Local ultrasound hyperthermia as a component of radiotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma of tubular bones in children and adolescents].

An evaluation of the end results of combined treatment for osteogenic sarcoma by standard chemoradiotherapy (n = 66) and novel thermochemical therapy (n = 108) using local ultrasound hyperthermia (total number--174) demonstrated their dependence on the temperature range in target tumor tissues. Use of subhypertemperatures of 39--41-45 deg.C (TTD--36 Gy) did not improve the results of treatment. However, 41-45 deg.C (TTD--36 Gy) was followed by a significant increase in 3- and 5-year survival and improved quality of life in cured patients as compared with those receiving standard radiotherapy (TTD--60-110 Gy). Hyperthermic therapeutic effect in osteogenic sarcoma depends on certain conditions. Effective temperatures can generally be reached in patients with relatively large-size tumors and rather thin coats of subcutaneous fat.

[The immunomodulating action of combined therapy together with local UHF hyperthermia in osteogenic sarcoma in children]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee deistvie kombinirovannoi terapii v sochetanii s lokal'noi UVCh-gipertermiei pri osteogennoi sarkome u detei.

The paper is concerned with immunological evaluation of different stages of combined therapy with local UHF hyperthermia in children with osteogenic sarcoma. Combined therapy (polychemo- and radiotherapy) was shown to cause a decrease in the number of immunocompetent cells, to enhance imbalance of immunoregulatory T-lymphocytes, to weaken T-lymphocyte function on PHA; immunosuppressive action of combined therapy did not depend on a tumor site. The incorporation of UHF-hyperthermia in the therapeutic scheme weakened the manifestations of secondary immunodeficiency, got back to normal the structure of T-lymphocyte population. A favorable immunomodulating effect of hyperthermia was more frequently observed in patients with crural bone tumors. The effect of hyperthermia was revealed after direct influence of thermotherapy but it was absent in continuation of combined treatment.

[Combined treatment of patients with osteogenic sarcoma using local UHF-hyperthermia]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie bo'lnykh s osteogennoi sarkomoi s primeneniem loka'lnoi UVCh-gipertermii.

The authors present their results of combined treatment of 85 patients with osteogenic sarcoma. The results are analysed according to the method of treatment in 3 groups of the patients who had been administered different total focus doses acting on the tumour. Besides chemical and radial therapy and surgical treatment local UHF-hyperthermia was used as a modifier in the complex of therapeutic measures. It has been demonstrated that the use of local UHF-hyperthermia does not increase the risk of metastatic spreading, allows to reduce the radiation dose and by influencing the primary tumour contributes to better treatment results.

[Nonspecific resistance during preoperative chemoradiation treatment and UHF hyperthermia of osteogenic sarcoma]. / Nespestsificheskaia rezistentnost' pri predoperatsionnom khimioluchevom lechenii i UVCh-gipertermii osteogennoi sarkomy.

The extent of metastatic spread and the life span depend on the level of nonspecific resistance of the body of patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Chemoradiation therapy reduces antitumoral resistance of patients, and the use of local UHF hyperthermia prevents this negative effect of complex treatment.

[Metronidazole content of normal and tumor tissues in the combined treatment of patients with osteogenic sarcoma]. / Soderzhanie metronidazola v normal'nykh i opukholevykh tkaniakh pri kombinirovannom lechenii bol'nykh s osteogennoi sarkomoi.

A study was made of the time course of the level of metronidazole in the blood and tissues of 97 patients with localized osteogenic sarcoma in several modes of the drug administration (per os, using an enema and their combinations). The maximum drug concentration in the blood was achieved with the combined mode of the drug administration at a dose of 8 g/m2, enhancing local and general effects on a tumor, manifesting themselves in the reduction of sizes of a tumor, its morphological changes and an increase in the average period of metastasis detection. The 3-year survival rates showed no significant differences between groups of patients receiving and not receiving metronidazole.

[Bone tumor macroelements]. / Makroélementy opukholei kostei.

Neutron-activation method was employed to determine the concentration of magnium, sodium, chlorine, phosphorus and calcium in different bone tumors. In relation to normal skeletal tissue in tumor tissues higher concentrations of chlorine and sodium but lower concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were found. The greatest changes in the macromolecular content were noted in sarcoma tissues. Bone tumors differ reliably one from the other by concentrations or ratios of macroelements concentrations, this fact may be used for the differential diagnosis.