[Effect of N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the modulation of T lymphocytes in vitro and redox status in obese women with hypertension]. / Effet des acides gras polyinsaturés N-3 sur la modulation in vitro des lymphocytes T et le statut redox chez les femmes obèses hypertendues.

OBJECTIVES: Deepen our knowledge of the immune system alterations associated with obesity-related hypertension and demonstrate that polyunsaturated fatty acids can enhance the proliferation and their profile oxidant/antioxidant and subsequently involved in the strategy prevention and treatment in obese hypertensives. METHODS: T cells are isolated from the blood of the control and obese women with hypertension the University Hospital of Tlemcen (Algeria), these cells are incubated in the presence of a synthetic mixture of PUFA to 30µM (DHA/EPA/LA) and stimulated by mitogens for 48hours. The cells are counted and used to assess intracellular oxidative status. The biochemical parameters are determined by the use of plasma. RESULTS: In obese women with hypertension, a significant increase in plasma levels of (glucose, uric acid, creatinine, urea, total cholesterol and triglycerides) compared to controls. In addition, decreased cell proliferation, basal or stimulated by Con A was observed in obese women with hypertension compared with controls. The mixture of PUFA to 30µM reduced lymphoproliferation as well in obese women with hypertension than in controls. The rates in malondialdéhyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl lymphocytes are elevated in hypertensive obese women. PUFA supplementation to 30µM seems correct this redox status in hypertensive obese since rates in protein carbonyl, are similar to those of controls. CONCLUSION: The mixture of PUFA (n-3 and n-6) can modulate the activity of T lymphocyte proliferation and correct the intracellular redox status in hypertensive obese women.

Effect of dietary n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on oxidant/antioxidant status in macrosomic offspring of diabetic rats.

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary n - 3 PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status, in vitro very low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized that n - 3 PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched in n - 3 PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. The in vitro oxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. n - 3 PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.