[Clinical significance of the pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and phytopreparations].

In modern clinics, the pharmacotherapy is frequently accompanied by the administration of phytopreparations (by which are implied any preparations based on or containing plant materials). There are many data indicative of the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and phytopreparations. Among the most important issues is the ability of components of phytopreparations to induce or inhibit the isoenzymes of cytochrome P-450 and/or glycoprotein P. For this reason, phytopreparations can either increase or decrease the efficacy of jointly admninistared drugs, as well as provoke the development of undesired side reactions.

[Safety of food supplements containing plant components].

For today the biologically active additives (BAA) extensively use by people as a source essential substances. However majoriry of people don't know, that BAA which contain vegetable components may induces various undiserable effects (UE). Review contain information about frequency of serious UE, first of all induced BAA, which contain medicinal plants. Discussed problem of charge efficacy and safety drugs when its use jointly with BAA. Think that need to give in BAA instruction additional information about possibility UE BAA.

[Food supplements and medicines of vegetative origin. Safety estimation and standardization]. / Biologicheskie dobavki k pishche i lekarstvennye sredstva rastitel'nogo proiskhozhdeniia. Otsenka bezopasnosti i stendartizatsiia.

The article describes the modern legislative and normative base of both Russian made and foreign made food supplements turnover. The main requirements to them. The reasons for banning the use of some particular ingredients in food supplements formula are substantiated. The ways of improving the normative base for food supplements as well as for medicines of vegetative origin are proposed. The conclusion is made, that this base is more perfect than for the medicines, produced from herbs.

[Interaction of biologically active additives, containing medicinal plants with drugs]. / O vzaimodeistvii biologicheski aktivnykh dobavok, soderzhashchikh lekarstvennye rasteniia, s lechebnymi sredstvami.

For today the biologically active additives (BAA) actively are included into clinical practice as means of "additional" therapy of a number of diseases and their consumption constantly grows. However, majority of the patients do not suspect about an opportunity of interaction between drugs and BAA, containing medicinal plants, and the treating doctors simply underestimate it. The interaction drugs with BAA, containing medicinal plants is investigated not enough. There are separate messages about this interactions of a similar sort, the doctor should take into account this information at realization pharmacotherapy and active image to be interested at the patient about BAA application.

[The characteristics of the interaction of the thyroliberin analog RGH 2202 and narcotic analgesics]. / Osobennosti vzaimodeistviia analoga tiroliberina RGH 2202 i narkoticheskikh anal'getikov.

The effect of an thyroliberin analogue RGH 2202 on respiration inhibition induced by narcotic analgetics and on their antinociceptive action was studied in experiments on mice, rabbits and rats. RGH 2202 (10 mg/kg, intravenously) was found to exert no effect on the antinociceptive effect of morphine in mice and rabbits. Meanwhile, RGH 2202 in doses of 1 to 5 mg/kg intravenously abolished the respiration inhibition induced by fentanyl (0.02-0.07 mg/kg, intravenously) or morphine (10 mg/kg, intravenously) in rabbits and rats. After administration of RGH 2202 in doses of 10-40 mg/kg intravenously no significant changes of arterial blood pressure or heart rate were observed. The results obtained suggest that RGH 2202 may be used for relieving the inhibitory effects of narcotic analgetics on the respiratory centre during intoxication with these agents and in anesthesiological practice.

[Effect of naloxone and thyroliberin on respiration in acute hypoxia]. / Vliianie naloksona i tiroliberina na dykhanie v usloviiakh ostroi gipoksii.

Experiments on 48 adult rats anesthetized with urethane were made to study the effects of naloxone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone on respiration after acute hemorrhage. The drugs were injected intravenously in doses 0.25-0.30 mg/kg. The changes found in the electromyogram of the diaphragm, blood pressure and ECG demonstrated naloxone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone to stimulate the respiratory center at different stages of respiratory disorders (dyspnea, apnea, gasping) induced by hemorrhage.

[Pharmacology of thyroliberin]. / K farmakologii tiroliberina.

The influence of synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on locomotion, on the effects of analgetics, learning and memory, electrical activity of hypothalamic neurons, blood pressure, and cerebral circulation have been studied. TRH increases the spontaneous motility and potentiates the stimulating effect of amphetamine and apomorphine. It also antagonizes the decrease of motility induced by tetrabenazine in all these tests. TRH exhibits the similarity to antidepressants. TRH antagonizes the effects of morphine and Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-(NO2)-NH2, especially in respect of respiratory depression experiments made on rats and rabbits. TRH facilitates the learning in active avoidance paradigme, diminishes the degree of retrograde amnesia evoked by maximal electroconvulsive shock. The latter effect suggests that TRH can be considered as a substance having some signs of nootropic activity. TRH seems to interact with central M-cholinergic system. This is evidenced by the ability of atropine to diminish the excitatory effect of TRH applied microiontophoretically to single neurons of the lateral hypothalamus. TRH elevates blood pressure and volume velocity of the cerebral circulation in normotensive animals and recovers the hemodynamics during hemorrhagic hypotension. The spectrum and mechanism of TRH pharmacological activity are discussed. The data suggest that TRH may be of interest for clinical trials.

[Pharmacology of azidomorphine]. / K farmakologii azidomorfina.

As revealed, in acute experiments on rabbits, cats, and rats, a new morphine-like synthetic analgesic drug azidomorphine exceeded 20--100-fold the morphine ability to inhibit synaptic transmission in the thalamic structures, cerebral cortex, and the spinal cord during the nociceptive stimulation, and also by its analgesic activity.