Recursos da União para as práticas corporais e atividades físicas no SUS: análise do ciclo governamental 2019-2022 / Federal government budgetary and financial resources for body practices and physical activities in the Unified Health System: analysis of the 2019-2022 governmental cycle

Resumo Por meio de pesquisa quantitativa de caráter exploratório, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar o orçamento e o financiamento federal de programas e ações de promoção das práticas corporais e atividades físicas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de 2019 a 2022 (Programa Academia da Saúde e o Incentivo Federal de Custeio da Atividade Física na Atenção Primária). Foram analisados e calculados os valores per capita, pela população coberta pela atenção primária e por participante de programas públicos. Os recursos efetivamente pagos foram de 3,31% a 15,06% menores dos que os aprovados no orçamento (nominal), e também foram identificados os baixos valores (máximos) anuais, independentemente se nominal ou deflacionado per capita (R$ 0,21 a 0,30) por população coberta pela atenção primária (R$ 0,25 a 0,40) e por participante (R$ 10,61 a 14,61). Concluiu-se que o baixo investimento na promoção das práticas corporais e atividades físicas diminui o acesso e não contribui para o pleno funcionamento do SUS ao impedir ou dificultar a ampliação de possibilidades do cuidado integral em saúde.

Abstract Through quantitative exploratory research, the present study analyzed the amount foreseen in the Federal Budget and the amounts paid (nominal and deflated) for programs and actions to promote body practices and physical activities (Health Academy Program and the Federal Incentive for Physical Activity in Primary Health Care) from 2019 to 2022. The values of investment in body practices and physical activities in SUS per capita, according to the population covered by Primary Health Care (PHC) and per participant in public programs, were also calculated. The following was found: (1) that the resources that were actually paid were 3.31% to 15.06% lower than those approved in the budget (nominal) and (2) the low annual (maximum) values found, regardless of whether nominal or deflated - per capita (R$ 0.21 to 0.30) per population covered by PHC (R$ 0.25 to 0.40) and per participant (R$ 10.61 to 14.61). It was concluded that the low investment in the promotion of body practices and physical activities decreases access and does not contribute to the full functioning of SUS by preventing or hindering the expansion of possibilities of comprehensive health care.

A method for reconstructing temporal changes in vegetation functional trait composition using Holocene pollen assemblages.

Methods of reconstructing changes in plant traits over long time scales are needed to understand the impact of changing environmental conditions on ecosystem processes and services. Although Holocene pollen have been extensively used to provide records of vegetation history, few studies have adopted a functional trait approach that is pertinent to changes in ecosystem processes. Here, for woody and herbaceous fen peatland communities, we use modern pollen and vegetation data combined with pollen records from Holocene deposits to reconstruct vegetation functional dynamics. The six traits chosen (measures of leaf area-to-mass ratio and leaf nutrient content) are known to modulate species' fitness and to vary with changes in ecosystem processes. We fitted linear mixed effects models between community weighted mean (CWM) trait values of the modern pollen and vegetation to determine whether traits assigned to pollen types could be used to reconstruct traits found in the vegetation from pollen assemblages. We used relative pollen productivity (RPP) correction factors in an attempt to improve this relationship. For traits showing the best fit between modern pollen and vegetation, we applied the model to dated Holocene pollen sequences from Fenland and Romney Marsh in eastern and southern England and reconstructed temporal changes in trait composition. RPP adjustment did not improve the linear relationship between modern pollen and vegetation. Leaf nutrient traits (leaf C and N) were generally more predictable from pollen data than mass-area traits. We show that inferences about biomass accumulation and decomposition rates can be made using Holocene trait reconstructions. While it is possible to reconstruct community-level trends for some leaf traits from pollen assemblages preserved in sedimentary archives in wetlands, we show the importance of testing methods in modern systems first and encourage further development of this approach to address issues concerning the pollen-plant abundance relationship and pollen source area.

Floral visitors of canola (Brassica napus L. ) hybrids in Cerrado Mineiro region, Brazil / Visitantes florais em híbridos de canola (Brassica napus L. ) na região do Cerrado Mineiro, Brasil

The objective of this study was to verify floral visitors of canola in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A completely randomized plot design with two hybrids and 10 replicates was used, totaling 20 plots. The survey of floral visitors was made during 10 days. Faunal analyses of the collected species were performed based on frequency, constancy, dominance, and diversity. A total of 2,676 individuals belonging to 13 species of bees of two families (Apidae and Halictidae) were collected. The diversity index found among hybrids was similar (1.28 in hybrid 61 and 1.50 in hybrid 433). The species Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were the most abundant and constant in the crops during all the evaluated days for both hybrids. So, it is important that efforts be made to conserve natural areas close to crops in order to provide resources for the permanence of floral visitors in the area.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os visitantes florais de canola na região do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil. ­Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental de blocos inteiramente randomizados com dois híbridos e 10 amostras replicadas, totalizando 20 amostras. A pesquisa de visitantes florais foi feita durante 10 dias. As análises faunísticas das espécies coletadas foram realizadas com base na frequência, constância, domínio, riqueza e diversidade. Um total de 2.676 indivíduos pertencentes a 13 espécies de abelhas de duas famílias (Apidae e Halictidae) foram coletados. A riqueza das espécies encontradas entre os híbridos foi semelhante (10 espécies no híbrido 61 e 12 espécies no híbrido 433), bem como o índice de diversidade (1,28 no híbrido 61 e 1,50 no híbrido 433). A espécie Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) e Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foram as mais abundantes e constantes nas culturas durante todos os dias avaliados para ambos os híbridos. Com isso, é importante que sejam feitos esforços para conservar as áreas naturais próximas às culturas, a fim de fornecer recursos para a permanência de visitantes florais na área.(AU)

Política Nacional de Atenção Básica no Brasil: uma análise do processo de revisão (2015­2017) / National primary health care policy in Brazil: an analysis of the review process (2015­2017) / Política Nacional de Atención Básica en Brasil: un análisis del proceso de revisión (2015­2017)

Objetivo. Apresentar e discutir acontecimentos relacionados ao processo de revisão da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB) no Brasil, de modo a evidenciar narrativas que possam contribuir para análises futuras sobre a formulação, implementação e avaliação dessa Política. Métodos. Trata-se de relato de experiência de participantes do processo de revisão da PNAB, a partir da análise de conteúdo complementada por análise documental. Resultados. O processo de revisão da PNAB, ocorrido entre 2015 e 2017, foi fortemente marcado por disputas técnico-políticas entre o Ministério da Saúde e as instâncias representativas de secretarias municipais e estaduais de saúde. As principais mudanças introduzidas pela nova versão da PNAB são a possibilidade de financiamento de outros modelos de organização da atenção básica além da Estratégia Saúde da Família; a ampliação das atribuições dos agentes comunitários de saúde; a construção da oferta nacional de serviços e ações essenciais e ampliadas da atenção básica; e a inclusão do gerente de atenção básica nas equipes. Conclusões. A implementação da nova PNAB, fruto de disputas travadas no campo da gestão interfederativa, dependerá da confluência de interesses no sentido da efetivação de uma atenção primária acessível e resolutiva, fortalecendo o Sistema Único de Saúde, o que requer substancialmente a participação e o protagonismo da sociedade na luta pelo direito à saúde no Brasil.(AU)

Objective. To describe and discuss events associated with the latest review of the national primary health care (PHC) policy in Brazil (Política Nacional de Atenção Básica, PNAB) so as to highlight narratives that may contribute to future analyses focusing on the formulation, implementation, and assessment of this policy. Method. Participant observation report of the PNAB review process, based on content and document analyses. Results. The review process of PNAB, which took place between 2015 and 2017, was strongly marked by technical and political dispute among the Ministry of Health and authorities representing municipal and state health departments. The main changes introduced by the new version of PNAB are the financing of other PHC organizational models in addition to the Family Health Strategy; attribution of additional responsibilities to community health agents; introduction of a national set of core and extended PHC services and actions; and introduction of a manager role as part of PHC teams. Conclusions. Implementation of the revised PNAB, which was the result of interfederation dispute, will depend on the convergence of interests in a PHC that is accessible and effective, strengthening the Unified Health System. This will substantially require societal engagement and leadership in the fight for the right to health in Brazil.(AU)

Objetivo. Presentar y discutir los acontecimientos relacionados con el proceso de revisión de la Política Nacional de Atención Básica (PNAB) en Brasil, de manera de obtener información que pueda contribuir a futuros análisis sobre la formulación, implementación y evaluación de esa política. Métodos. Se evaluó el relato de la experiencia de los participantes del proceso de revisión de la PNAB a partir del análisis de contenido, complementado por un análisis documental. Resultados. El proceso de revisión de la PNAB, que tuvo lugar entre 2015 y 2017, presentó marcadas disputas técnico-políticas entre el Ministerio de Salud y las instancias representativas de las secretarías municipales y estatales de salud. Los principales cambios introducidos por la nueva versión de la PNAB son la posibilidad de financiamiento de otros modelos de organización de la atención básica además de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, la ampliación de las atribuciones de los agentes comunitarios de salud, la construcción de la oferta nacional de servicios y acciones esenciales y ampliadas de atención básica, y la inclusión del gerente de atención básica en los equipos. Conclusiones. La implementación de la nueva PNAB, fruto de las disputas entabladas en el campo de la gestión interfederativa, dependerá de la confluencia de intereses hacia la efectivización de una atención primaria accesible y resolutiva, fortaleciendo el Sistema Único de Salud, lo que requiere la participación y el protagonismo de la sociedad en la lucha por el derecho a la salud en Brasil.(AU)

Sensitivity of Enzymatic Toxins from Corneal Isolate of Acanthamoeba Protozoan to Physicochemical Parameters.

Acanthamoeba is a free-living amoeba that causes severe corneal infection (Acanthamoeba keratitis) and produces a variety of extracellular enzymes, called exoproteome. Since physicochemical characters are suggested being associated with therapeutic profile and clinical severity of the infection, we investigated the physicochemical properties of proteolysis mediated by amoebic exoproteome. Corneal scraping was collected from a patient who showed typical symptoms of acute Acanthamoeba keratitis. Axenic amoeba was phylogenetically identified by 18S rDNA sequencing analysis. Effects of pH, temperature and diamidines on proteolysis mediated by exoproteome were assessed using zymography assays. Proteolytic enzymes were most active at pH 7.0 and 37 °C. Calcium ions decreased enzymatic activity. The main components of amoebic exoproteome were characterized as serine proteases. We demonstrated for the first time that commercial antimicrobial diamidines used for Acanthamoeba keratitis therapy inhibit enzymatic activity of amoebic exoproteome. Results showed the thermostability of Acanthamoeba proteases, which suggest a long-term effect of these virulence factors at the central and peripheral cornea with possible role in degradation of extracellular matrix components. Our findings open new perspectives about the complementary and unreported properties of antimicrobial compounds of the diamidine class on the inhibition of enzymatic activity and presumptive control of amoebic infection in the cornea.

Methamphetamine Induces Anhedonic-Like Behavior and Impairs Frontal Cortical Energetics in Mice.

INTRODUCTION: We recently showed that a single high dose of methamphetamine (METH) induces a persistent frontal cortical monoamine depletion that is accompanied by helpless-like behavior in mice. However, brain metabolic alterations underlying both neurochemical and mood alterations remain unknown. AIMS: Herein, we aimed at characterizing frontal cortical metabolic alterations associated with early negative mood behavior triggered by METH. Adult C57BL/6 mice were injected with METH (30 mg/kg, i.p.), and their frontal cortical metabolic status was characterized after probing their mood and anxiety-related phenotypes 3 days postinjection. RESULTS: Methamphetamine induced depressive-like behavior, as indicated by the decreased grooming time in the splash test and by a transient decrease in sucrose preference. At this time, METH did not alter anxiety-like behavior or motor functions. Depolarization-induced glucose uptake was reduced in frontocortical slices from METH-treated mice compared to controls. Consistently, astrocytic glucose transporter (GluT1) density was lower in the METH group. A proton high rotation magic angle spinning (HRMAS) spectroscopic approach revealed that METH induced a significant decrease in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and glutamate levels, suggesting that METH decreased neuronal glutamatergic function in frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: We report, for the first time, that a single METH injection triggers early self-care and hedonic deficits and impairs frontal cortical energetics in mice.

Genetic, environmental effects and storage period in onion seeds quality / Efeitos genéticos, ambientais e período de armazenamento na qualidade de sementes de cebola

In several species, seed longevity may be influenced by genotype and storage environment. It is scarce researches that evaluated those effects in onion seeds. From the exposed, it was aimed to evaluate the behavior from onion seeds of different genotypes stored in three conditions of relative humidity (25; 35 and 45% RH) monitored during six different storage periods. The research was executed at the Laboratório de Análise de Sementes e Recursos Genéticos from Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo Campus -MG. After harvested, the seeds of two cultivars were storaged in three conditions (SC): 25, 35 e 45% of relative humidity (RH). It was kept the same temperature (17ºC) in all storage conditions. After one year of storage, it was collected monthly seed samples of each genotype inside each storage condition for evaluation of physiological potential with vigor and germination tests. There was significant effect in germination and vigor of the seeds in the storage period and condition and in genotype versus environment, in all analysed variables. The quality of onion seeds may be influenced by genotype, storage conditions and storage period. The best condition to storage onion seeds is at 35% of RH. Seed deterioration was increased with storage period, although, short storage periods have increased germination rates.

Em várias espécies, a longevidade das sementes pode ser influenciada pelo genótipo e ambiente de armazenamento. São escassas pesquisas que avaliaram tais efeitos em sementes de cebola. Diante do exposto, objetivouse avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de diferentes genótipos de cebola armazenados em três condições de umidade relativa (25; 35 e 45% UR) durante seis períodos de armazenamento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Monte Carmelo-MG. Após colhidas, as sementes de dois genótipos foram armazenadas em três condições de armazenamento (25, 35 e 45 % de umidade relativa) em temperatura padrão (17 °C) durante o período de um ano. Em seguida coletou-se mensalmente amostras de sementes representando cada genótipo em função das condições propostas de armazenamento para avaliação do potencial fisiológico por meio de testes de vigor e percentagem de germinação. Pode-se constar o efeito significativo tanto na germinação quanto no vigor das sementes no período e ambiente de armazenamento e na interação entre genótipo versus ambiente, em todas as variáveis analisadas. A qualidade das sementes de cebola pode ser influenciada pelo genótipo e pelas condições e período de armazenamento. A melhor condição de armazenamento para sementes de cebola foi de 35% UR. A deterioração da semente aumentou com o período de armazenamento, embora que pequenos períodos de armazenamento melhoraram as taxas de germinação.

Efeito do laser de baixa potência na cicatrização de ferida cirúrgica em ratos / Effect of low level laser on sutured wound healing in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) ë904 nm on healing of surgical wounds in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups, underwent incision along the lines Alba covering skin, subcutaneous and muscle abdominal, sutured continuously for nylon 5-0. Eight and fifteen days after the surgery process, the repairing area was removed and histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to assess cellularity inflammatory, Masson's Trichrome and Picrossirus to quantify the collagen fibers and immunohistochemical technique for counting newly formed vessels. The data were compared statistically using analysis of variance ANOVA, with a "post-hoc Tukey test, p <0.05. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy reduced the intensity of the inflammatory reaction and influenced the dynamic of the immunoinflammatory response by inducing switching of the leukocyte infiltration pattern (neutrophilic to lymphoplasmacytic infiltration). Also stimulate the deposition and enhance the organization of collagen fibers, featuring a delicate collagen type III. Furthermore, it appeared to a significant increase in the average number of newly formed vessels (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy resulted in modulate of the inflammatory response, enhanced deposition of collagen fibers and increase in the average number of newly formed vessels.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da terapia laser de baixa potência (TLBP) ë904 nm na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 40 ratos Wistar, machos, divididos em quatro grupos, submetidos à incisão na linha Alba abrangendo pele, subcutâneo e musculatura abdominal, suturados continuamente por fios de nylon 5-0. Oito e quinze dias após o procedimento cirúrgico, a área de reparo foi removida e os cortes histológicos foram corados com hematoxilina-eosina para avaliar celularidade do infiltrado inflamatório, Tricrômico de Masson e Picrosirius para quantificar as fibras de colágeno e técnica imuno-histoquímica para a contagem de vasos neoformados. Os dados foram comparados estatisticamente pela análise de variância ANOVA, com "teste de Tukey post-hoc, p <0,05. RESULTADOS: A terapia laser de baixa potência reduziu a intensidade da reação inflamatória e influenciou a dinâmica da resposta imuno por induzir a mudança do padrão de infiltração de leucócitos (neutrófilos a infiltração mononuclear). Como também estimula a deposição e melhora padrão organizacional das fibras colágenas, apresentando um delicado colágeno tipo III. Além disso, verificou-se um aumento significativo no número médio de vasos neoformados (p = 0,00 e p = 0,02, respectivamente). CONCLUSÃO: A terapia laser de baixa potência modula a resposta inflamatória, com melhor deposição de fibras colágenas e aumento do número médio de vasos neoformados.

Effect of low level laser on sutured wound healing in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) ë904 nm on healing of surgical wounds in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups, underwent incision along the lines Alba covering skin, subcutaneous and muscle abdominal, sutured continuously for nylon 5-0. Eight and fifteen days after the surgery process, the repairing area was removed and histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to assess cellularity inflammatory, Masson's Trichrome and Picrossirus to quantify the collagen fibers and immunohistochemical technique for counting newly formed vessels. The data were compared statistically using analysis of variance ANOVA, with a "post-hoc Tukey test, p <0.05. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy reduced the intensity of the inflammatory reaction and influenced the dynamic of the immunoinflammatory response by inducing switching of the leukocyte infiltration pattern (neutrophilic to lymphoplasmacytic infiltration). Also stimulate the deposition and enhance the organization of collagen fibers, featuring a delicate collagen type III. Furthermore, it appeared to a significant increase in the average number of newly formed vessels (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy resulted in modulate of the inflammatory response, enhanced deposition of collagen fibers and increase in the average number of newly formed vessels.

Análise crítica da Carta Brasileira de Prevenção Integrada na Área da Saúde na Perspectiva da Educação Física através do enfoque radical de promoção da saúde / Critical analysis of the Brazilian Charter of Integrated Prevention in the Field of Health in the Perspective of Physical Education through the radical focus of health promotion

O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para que a área profissional e o campo do saber referente à Educação Física apreendam a saúde de forma ampliada, superando o enfoque biologicista hegemônico. Possui caráter qualitativo e baseou-se em pesquisa de fontes bibliográficas para a confecção de monografia de conclusão do curso de especialização em Saúde Pública, na Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Analisou-se criticamente a Carta Brasileira de Prevenção Integrada na área da Saúde na perspectiva da Educação Física - publicação do Conselho Federal de Educação Física (CONFEF), em 2006, a partir do enfoque radical da Promoção da Saúde. Esse enfoque pode ser sintetizado na proposta de articulação entre saúde e condições de vida, ressaltando as inter-relações de equidade social, através do aumento da capacidade da participação popular, intersetorialidade, fomento de políticas públicas saudáveis, criação de ambientes favoráveis à saúde e reorientação do sistema de saúde, baseando-se numa visão ampliada do processo saúde-doença e reconhecendo a multideterminação desse processo (OMS, 1986; Buss, 2000, 2001, 2007; Pedrosa, 2004). Concluiu-se que o documento analisado biologiza e medicaliza a Educação Física em sua relação com a sociedade. Recomenda-se que o mesmo seja revisto a partir da perspectiva crítica ligada à área da Educação Física, a qual relaciona a atividade física e a saúde com questões sociais mais amplas que impedem que os sujeitos tomem decisões mais saudáveis, tais como os condicionantes econômicos, culturais, étnicos e políticos.(AU)

Análise crítica da Carta Brasileira de Prevenção Integrada na Área da Saúde na Perspectiva da Educação Física através do enfoque radical de promoção da saúde / Critical analysis of the Brazilian Charter of Integrated Prevention in the Field of Health in the Perspective of Physical Education through the radical focus of health promotion

O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para que a área profissional e o campo do saber referente à Educação Física apreendam a saúde de forma ampliada, superando o enfoque biologicista hegemônico. Possui caráter qualitativo e baseou-se em pesquisa de fontes bibliográficas para a confecção de monografia de conclusão do curso de especialização em Saúde Pública, na Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Analisou-se criticamente a Carta Brasileira de Prevenção Integrada na área da Saúde na perspectiva da Educação Física - publicação do Conselho Federal de Educação Física (CONFEF), em 2006, a partir do enfoque radical da Promoção da Saúde. Esse enfoque pode ser sintetizado na proposta de articulação entre saúde e condições de vida, ressaltando as inter-relações de equidade social, através do aumento da capacidade da participação popular, intersetorialidade, fomento de políticas públicas saudáveis, criação de ambientes favoráveis à saúde e reorientação do sistema de saúde, baseando-se numa visão ampliada do processo saúde-doença e reconhecendo a multideterminação desse processo (OMS, 1986; Buss, 2000, 2001, 2007; Pedrosa, 2004). Concluiu-se que o documento analisado biologiza e medicaliza a Educação Física em sua relação com a sociedade. Recomenda-se que o mesmo seja revisto a partir da perspectiva crítica ligada à área da Educação Física, a qual relaciona a atividade física e a saúde com questões sociais mais amplas que impedem que os sujeitos tomem decisões mais saudáveis, tais como os condicionantes econômicos, culturais, étnicos e políticos.

This work intends to provide a contribution so that the professional area and the field of knowledge referring to Physical Education view health in a broader way, overcoming the biological focus which usually occurs. It has a qualitative character and was based on research into bibliographic sources in order to develop a monograph upon the completion of the Public Health specialization course at the National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. The Brazilian Charter of Integrated Prevention in the Field of Health in the Perspective of Physical Education, a document written by the Federal Council of Physical Education (CONFEF) in 2006, was critically analyzed based on the radical focus of Health Promotion. This focus can be summarized as an articulation between health and life conditions, emphasizing social equity interrelations, through the increase in the capacity for popular participation, intersectoriality, promotion of healthy public policies, creation of environments that are favorable to health, and through a reorientation of the health system, based on a broader view of the health-disease process and on the recognition of the multi-determination of this process (OMS, 1986; Buss, 2000, 2001, 2007; Pedrosa, 2004). We concluded that the document that we analyzed assumes a biological and medical view concerning the relation between Physical Education and society. We recommend that this document is revised based on the critical perspective connected with the Physical Education field, which relates physical activities and health to broader social issues which prevent subjects from making healthier decisions, such as economic, cultural, ethnic and political conditioning factors.

[Effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (bellyache bush) extract on the healing process of colonic anastomosis: experimental study in rats]. / Ação do extrato de Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (pião roxo) na cicatrização de anastomose colônica: estudo experimental em ratos.

INTRODUCTION: Phytotherapy has been drawing interest from the scientific community regarding its potential wound healing properties. There are few studies available that present a correct scientific methodology and, therefore, phytotherapy remains an open field for further research. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (bellyache bush) on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were subjected to a complete section of the colon, that was soon sutured with eight separate stitches using monofilament polypropylene 6-0. Randomly, the animals were divided into control group (CG), with 20 rats, which were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution intraperitoneally (1 mL/kg) and Jatropha group (JG), also with 20 rats, which were injected with Jatropha gossypiifolia L. alcoholic extract intraperitoneally (1 mL/kg). Each of the groups was subdivided into two subgroups of ten rats, according to the sacrifice date, third and seventh days (CG3/ CG7 and JG3/ JG7). After sacrifice, the segment of the colon containing 1cm proximal and distal to the site of anastomosis was removed and subjected to the pressure test with air insulation. This segment was then opened and a 1.0 x 0.5 cm part was removed and placed under 10% formaldehyde for histological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome stainings. RESULTS: The evaluation of the pressure rupture test demonstrated statistical significance regarding the sacrifice date. On the third day, the average pressure of the CG (25.4 mmHg) and the JG (76.4 mmHg) revealed p = 0.013, and on the seventh day, the average pressure of the CG (187,3 mmHg.) and the JG (135.1 mmHg.) revealed p = 0.014. When assessing the microscopic variables among the groups of the 3rd day, only the variables edema and polymorphonuclear cells did not show statistical differences. On the 7th day, all of the variables assessed demonstrated significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding mechanical resistance, there was a difference in resistance between the JG3 and the CG3, and a shift of resistance when comparing the JG7 and CG7, which suggests a weakening of the Jatropha effect at a later stage of healing. The histological evaluation revealed an improvement of the acute inflammatory process in the JG3 when compared to the CG3, which was even more intense during the chronic stage, when the two groups are compared on the seventh day. The histological study of the inflammatory process, in general, showed a favorable effect to the Jatropha group compared to the control group.

Ação do extrato de Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (pião roxo) na cicatrização de anastomose colônica: estudo experimental em ratos / Effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (bellyache bush) extract on the healing process of colonic anastomosis: experimental study in rats

INTRODUÇÃO: A fitoterapia vem despertando crescente interesse na comunidade científica em relação às suas potenciais propriedades cicatriciais. Poucos são os estudos com metodologia científica existentes na literatura, constituindo-se assim um campo aberto para novas investigações. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a ação da Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (pião roxo) na cicatrização de anastomose colônica em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à secção de toda a circunferência do cólon, sendo logo anastomosada com oito pontos separados usando fio monofilamentar de polipropileno 6-0. Aleatoriamente, os animais foram distribuídos em grupo controle (GC), contendo 20 ratos, nos quais foi administrada solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9% por via intraperitoneal (1ml/kg) e grupo Jatropha (GJ), também com 20 nos quais foi administrado o extrato hidroalcoólico de Jatropha gossypiifolia L. por via intraperitoneal (1ml/kg). Cada um dos grupos foi subdividido em dois subgrupos de dez animais de acordo com a data de sacrifício, três e sete dias (GC3/ GC7 e GJ3/GJ7). Após o sacrifício foi retirada parte do cólon compreendendo 1 cm acima e abaixo da anastomose e submetido ao teste de resistência à insuflação de ar atmosférico. A seguir, foi aberta e retirada uma porção de 1,0 x 0,5cm de tamanho colocada em formol a 10% para análise histológica, na qual foram usadas a coloração de Hematoxilina–Eosina e o Tricrômico de Masson. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação do teste de pressão de ruptura entre os grupos houve significância estatística quando avaliados em relação à data de sacrifício Assim no terceiro dia a média no GC (25,4 mmHg.) e no GJ (76,4 mmHg.) estabeleceu p = 0.013, e no sétimo dia a média no GC (187,3 mmHg.) e no GJ (135,1 mmHg.) estabeleceu p = 0.014. Ao analisar as variáveis microscópicas entre os grupos no 3º dia, somente não houve diferença significativa nas variáveis edema e polimorfonucleares. Já no 7º dia todas as variáveis analisadas apresentaram diferença...

INTRODUCTION: Phytotherapy has been drawing interest from the scientific community regarding its potential wound healing properties. There are few studies available that present a correct scientific methodology and, therefore, phytotherapy remains an open field for further research. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (bellyache bush) on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were subjected to a complete section of the colon, that was soon sutured with eight separate stitches using monofilament polipropilene 6-0. Randomly, the animals were divided into control group (CG), with 20 rats, which were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution intraperitoneally (1mL/kg) and Jatropha group (JG), also with 20 rats, which were injected with Jatropha gossypiifolia L. alcoholic extract intraperitoneally (1mL/kg). Each of the groups was subdivided into two subgroups of ten rats, according to the sacrifice date, third and seventh days (CG3/ CG7 and JG3/ JG7). After sacrifice, the segment of the colon containing 1cm proximal and distal to the site of anastomosis was removed and subjected to the pressure test with air insuflation. This segment was then opened and a 1.0 x 0.5cm part was removed and placed under 10% formaldehyde for histological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome stainings. RESULTS: The evaluation of the pressure rupture test demonstrated statistical significance regarding the sacrifice date. On the third day, the average pressure of the CG (25,4mmHg) and the JG (76,4mHg) revealed p = 0.013, and on the seventh day, the average pressure of the CG (187,3 mmHg.) and the JG (135,1 mmHg.) revealed p = 0.014. When assessing the microscopic variables among the groups of the 3rd day, only the variables edema and polymorphonuclear cells did not show statistical differences. On the 7th day, all of the variables assessed demonstrated significant differences...