RESUMO
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect several organs and systems. The central and/or peripheral nervous system can suffer from complications known as neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE). Studies have associated the manifestations of SLE or NPSLE with vitamin D deficiency. It has been shown that hypovitaminosis D can lead to cognition deficits and cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with NPSLE. In this review article, we will address the main features related to vitamin D supplementation or serum vitamin D levels with neuropsychiatric manifestations, either in patients or in animal models of NPSLE.
Assuntos
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Vasculite Associada ao Lúpus do Sistema Nervoso Central , Animais , Humanos , Vasculite Associada ao Lúpus do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológico , Vasculite Associada ao Lúpus do Sistema Nervoso Central/complicações , Vitamina D/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect several organs and systems. The central and/or peripheral nervous system can suffer from complications known as neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE). Studies have associated the manifestations of SLE or NPSLE with vitamin D deficiency. It has been shown that hypovitaminosis D can lead to cognition deficits and cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with NPSLE. In this review article, we will address the main features related to vitamin D supplementation or serum vitamin D levels with neuropsychiatric manifestations, either in patients or in animal models of NPSLE.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may have neurological complications, characterizing neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE). Studies have investigated alternative therapies such as vitamin D, which has an effect on the immune system and brain, to control manifestations of SLE. Experimental lupus models may be a good alternative to best study the immunological mechanisms underlying the development of NPSLE, and the animal model of pristane-induced lupus (PIL) may mimic SLE symptoms in humans. Our objective was to evaluate central nervous system involvement and vitamin D supplementation in a PIL model. METHOD: Female BALB/c mice were divided into controls (CO; n = 7), PIL (n = 9), and PIL supplemented with vitamin D (VD; n = 7). The hippocampus area was measured and immunoassays were performed for detecting vitamin D receptor (VDR) and IgG. RESULTS: The PIL group had a higher hippocampal IgG infiltrate when compared to the CO group. Vitamin D showed potential for reducing IgG infiltration. The hippocampus area was similar in all groups. No differences in VDR expression were observed between groups. A positive correlation was observed between the expression of VDR and IgG in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that increased IgG infiltration into the hippocampus indicated an inflammatory process that may have stimulated VDR expression. Key Points ⢠IgG infiltrate is higher in PIL animals than controls ⢠VDR increases along with IgG infiltrate ⢠Hippocampal VDR expression does not increase with vitamin D supplementation.