RESUMO
Probiotics are known to protect against liver damage induced by the alcohol and acetaldehyde accumulation associated with alcohol intake. However, there have been few studies of the direct effect of probiotics on alcohol metabolism, and the types of probiotics that were previously analyzed were few in number. Here, we investigated the effects of 19 probiotic species on alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Four probiotic species that had a relatively high tolerance to alcohol and metabolized alcohol and acetaldehyde effectively were identified: Lactobacillus gasseri CBT LGA1, Lactobacillus casei CBT LC5, Bifidobacterium lactis CBT BL3, and Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3. These species also demonstrated high mRNA expression of alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases. ProAP4, a mixture of these four probiotics species and excipient, was then administered to rats for 2 weeks in advance of acute alcohol administration. The serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations were significantly lower in the ProAP4-administered group than in the control and excipient groups. Thus, the administration of ProAP4, containing four probiotic species, quickly lowers blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in an alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenasedependent manner. Furthermore, the serum alanine aminotransferase activity, which is indicative of liver damage, was significantly lower in the ProAP4 group than in the control group. The present findings suggest that ProAP4 may be an effective means of limiting alcohol-induced liver damage.
Assuntos
Acetaldeído/sangue , Álcool Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Aldeído Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Etanol/sangue , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Álcool Desidrogenase/genética , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/metabolismo , Aldeído Oxirredutases/genética , Animais , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Bifidobacterium animalis/genética , Bifidobacterium animalis/metabolismo , Bifidobacterium breve/genética , Bifidobacterium breve/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais , Lacticaseibacillus casei/genética , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Lactobacillus gasseri/genética , Lactobacillus gasseri/metabolismo , Masculino , RNA Bacteriano , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo RealRESUMO
A lactic acid bacterial strain was isolated from human fecal specimen and identified as Enterococcus faecalis SL-5. The isolated strain showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive pathogens assayed, especially the highest activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The antimicrobial substance was purified and verified as a bacteriocin (named ESL5) of E. faecalis SL-5 by activity-staining using P. acnes as an indicator. N-terminal sequence of ESL5 was determined (MGAIAKLVAK) and sequence analysis revealed that it is almost identical to the some of enterocins including L50A/B of E. faecium L50 and MR10A/B of E. faecalis MRR 10-3. From the sequencing data of L50A/B structural genes, the nucleotide sequence showed 100% identity with that of the MR10A/B structural genes, implying that ESL5 is an equivalent of enterocin MR10. Meanwhile, we also tested the therapeutic effect of anti-P. acnes activity in patients with mild to moderate acne because of its pathogenic role to acne vulgaris. For this purpose, a concentrated powder of CBT SL-5 was prepared using cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of E. faecalis SL-5 and included in a lotion for application in the patients. The study showed that CBT SL-5 lotion significantly reduced the inflammatory lesions like pustules compared to the placebo lotion. Therefore our results indicate that the anti-P. acnes activity produced by E. faecalis SL-5 has potential role to the treatment of acne as an alternative to topical antibiotics.