Cross reaction between proteins from Larrea divaricata Cav. (jarilla) and cellular and extracellular proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Larrea divaricata is widely used in folk medicine to treat different pathologies, but little is known about its immunological properties. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which causes several intrahospitalary infections. We aimed to assess the immunological relation between proteins from a crude extract of L. divaricata Cav. (JPCE) and cellular and extracellular proteins (EP) of P. aeruginosa, as well as to establish the cross reactivity between proteins of both species using a mouse anti-JPCE serum. Protein profiles of JPCE and P. aeruginosa were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The percentage of similarity of protein bands between these two species was 43-57%. However, JPCE proteins were immunogenic. The reactivity of mouse anti-JPCE antibodies against different fractions was studied by western blot. The anti-JPCE serum detected several antigenic bands on different bacterial proteins. Several common immunoreactive bands were detected (27-100%) when bacterial proteins were incubated with anti-JPCE serum (heterologous reaction) and anti-bacterial proteins serum (homologous reaction). By enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) assays, high titers of anti-JPCE against different types of cellular bacterial fractions were observed (1/1280-1/2080). Our data clearly demonstrate that antibodies elicited with L. divaricata crude extract are able to cross-react with cellular and EP of P.aeruginosa. These findings could be relevant in the development of alternatives therapies for patients suffering intrahospitalary opportunistic infections with P.aeruginosa.

Different activities of Schinus areira L.: anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory effect.

The anti-inflammatory drugs possess many serious side effects at doses commonly prescribed. It is really important to discover novel regulators of inflammation from natural sources with minimal adverse effects. Schinus areira L. is a plant native from South America and is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory herb. For this study, the activity of aqueous extracts on inflammation and the effect on superoxide anion production in mice macrophages were assayed. Aqueous extracts were prepared by soaking herbs in cold water (cold extract), boiling water (infusion), and simmering water (decoction). Cold extract possess an anti-inflammatory activity. Decoction and infusion showed pro-inflammatory activity. Cold extract increased the production of superoxide anion. It has been proposed to use diverse methods to obtain extracts of S. areira L. with different effects. Cold extract, decoction, and infusion could be utilized as extracts or as pharmacological preparations for topical application.

Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of Larrea divaricata Cav (jarilla) against Helicobacter pylori.

We studied here the effect of aqueous extracts of Larrea divaricata Cav on the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Results show that cold extract, infusion, decoction and simulated digestion had inhibitory activity at 0.04-0.1 mg/l against clarithromycin and metronidazole susceptible and resistant H. pylori strains. These results support the popular use of L. divaricata Cav in gastric disturbances and prompt further research to characterize these compounds with a therapeutic potential against gastric ulcers and gastric cancer associated with H. pylori.