RESUMO
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.
Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/normas , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epinefrina/uso terapêutico , Circulação Extracorpórea/métodos , Circulação Extracorpórea/normas , Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida/métodos , Hipertermia Induzida/normas , Lactente , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Intubação Intratraqueal/normas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Respiração Artificial/normas , Vasoconstritores/uso terapêutico , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/normas , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/normas , Parada Cardíaca/terapia , Manuseio das Vias Aéreas/métodos , Manuseio das Vias Aéreas/normas , Dano Encefálico Crônico/diagnóstico , Dano Encefálico Crônico/etiologia , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapêutico , Cardioversão Elétrica/métodos , Cardioversão Elétrica/normas , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Parada Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Parada Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Parada Cardíaca/mortalidade , Massagem Cardíaca/métodos , Massagem Cardíaca/normas , Humanos , Neuroimagem/métodos , Neuroimagem/normas , Oxigenoterapia/normas , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Respiração Artificial/normas , Coleta de Tecidos e ÓrgãosRESUMO
The pain of venous cannulation and arterial puncture can be greatly lessened by local anaesthesia. We sought information about the use of local anaesthesia for these procedures by doctors working in medicine, surgery and anaesthetics. A questionnaire was hand-delivered to 178 doctors in eight hospitals, all of whom responded. For insertion of large-bore cannulae, local anaesthesia was used by all the anaesthetists but less than half the medical and surgical doctors. For arterial blood sampling it was used by 60% of anaesthetists and 2% of ward doctors. Previous recommendations to use local anaesthesia seem to have been ignored, and in many instances these procedures are more painful than necessary.