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1.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) ; 28(12): 366, 2023 12 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38179774

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Humans are exposed to physical, biological, chemical, and psychological stressor throughout their life span. In recent years many medicinal plants have been shown to induce stress adapting and protective functions. Plant-derived extracts and vitamin E exhibit stress protection or resistance by normalizing cellular homeostasis and enhancing resistance to toxic stimuli to overcome cellular damage. Here we report the evaluation of a topical preparation (product test materials; PTM) containing an ingredient blend of Rhodiola Rosea, Eleutherococcus Senticosus (Siberian Ginseng), Rhaponticum Carthamoides, Inonotus Obliqus, and Slegainella Lepidophylla as the base formula and tested the addition of Lespedeza Capitata (leaf/stem) extract plus vitamin E and/or Aloe Vera to determine the induced protective functions in human skin when challenged with intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. METHODS: The base topical preparation plus Lespedeza Capitata extract plus vitamin E or the base topical preparation plus vitamin E and Aloe Vera were assayed in vitro on (a) intrinsically stressed excised abdominoplasty skin, (b) full thickness (FT) skin equivalent models post-treated with a combination of ultra-violet (UV) B light (250 mJ/cm2) and diesel particular matter (DPM) (75 µg/mL) skin, for their effect on antioxidant, inflammation, and stress biomarker geners. Additionally, the bioadaptive activity of the PTMs was confirmed in providing resilience and protection against UV-induced erythema. For example, in a clinical study, daily topical application of the PTMs on the buttocks of 20 woman (18-78 years old), average age of 51.1 years, median body mass index (BMI) of 26.5 for 8 weeks followed by 2 minimal erythema dose (MED) of UVB exposure was accessed 24 hours after irradiation. Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and ANOVA, repectively. RESULTS: Pretreatment with the topical PTMs on intrsinically stressed skin significantly reduced the expression of the stress gene biomarkers, p53, pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) and the pro-apoptotic BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX) values compared to controls. Topical application of the PTMs on Full Thickness (FT) human skin treated with UVB light and DPM significantly enhanced the stress response by activating heat shock transcription factor 4 (HSF4) and heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) gene levels belonging to the heat shock protein (HSP) family by significantly increasing the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1). At the same time, significantly reducing IL-1ß levels were observed plus protection of skin cells from toxicity ocurred by significantly increasing the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) (anti-apoptotic gene). In the clinical study, daily topical applications of the PTMs for 8 weeks followed by 2MED of UVB irradiation with clinical assessment 24 hours later revealed a significantly reduced intensity of erythema when compared to the buttock region treated with UVB alone. CONCLUSIONS: The PTMs containing adaptogen ingredients may confer stress resistance and induce stress protective responses against intrinsic as well as extrinsic stressors as demonstrated by the obtained in vitro and clinical evidence.


Assuntos
Aloe , Extratos Vegetais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Idoso , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Vitamina E/farmacologia , Eritema , Proteínas de Choque Térmico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2
2.
Fitoterapia ; 97: 164-71, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24909999

RESUMO

In recent years, dietary fatty acids have been extensively evaluated for nutritional as well as cosmetic benefits. Among the dietary fats, the omega-3 (ω3) and omega-6 (ω6) forms of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been found to exhibit many biological functions in the skin such as prevention of transepidermal water loss, maintenance of the stratum corneum epidermal barrier, and disruption of melanogenesis in epidermal melanocytes. In this study, we examined the effect of chia seed extract, high in ω3 (linolenic acid) and ω6 (linoleic acid) PUFAs, for its capacity to affect melanogenesis. Chia seed extract was shown to inhibit melanin biosynthesis in Melan-a cells; however, linoleic and α-linolenic acids alone did not effectively reduce melanin content. Further investigation demonstrated that chia seed extract in combination with pomegranate fruit extract had a synergistic effect on the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis with no corresponding effect on tyrosinase activity. Investigation of the possible mechanism of action revealed that chia seed extract downregulated expression of melanogenesis-related genes (Tyr, Tyrp1, and Mc1r), alone and in combination with pomegranate fruit extract, suggesting that the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis by a novel combination of chia seed and pomegranate fruit extracts is possibly due to the downregulation of gene expression of key melanogenic enzymes.


Assuntos
Lythraceae , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Salvia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Fármacos Dermatológicos/análise , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Lythraceae/química , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Salvia/química , Sementes/química
3.
J Cosmet Sci ; 64(6): 445-53, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24397882

RESUMO

Current efforts to develop effective skin lightening products through the inhibition of melanin production have focused on compounds that inhibit the function and activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the melanin biosynthesis pathway. Synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, and arbutin, have been reported to cause skin irritation or acute dermatitis, raising concerns about the safety of these compounds. As a result, there is a need for safe natural ingredients that show effective skin lightening. In this report, we have identified a natural ingredient, pomegranate fruit extract, that inhibits melanin production in melanocytes and shows potential for use as a cosmetic skin lightening agent. In addition, we have identified a polyphenolic compound, punicalagins, as the active melanin inhibitor in pomegranate fruit extract based on its capacity to directly inhibit melanin production.


Assuntos
Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Lythraceae/química , Melaninas/antagonistas & inibidores , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/farmacologia , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Ácido Elágico/isolamento & purificação , Ácido Elágico/farmacologia , Humanos , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/química , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/isolamento & purificação , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melanócitos/citologia , Melanócitos/enzimologia , Camundongos , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Pele/citologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/enzimologia , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/química , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/isolamento & purificação
4.
Fitoterapia ; 83(6): 989-95, 2012 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22714008

RESUMO

In an effort to find botanicals containing polyphenolic compounds with the capacity to inhibit melanin biosynthesis, we identified a novel combination of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) extract, standardized to 80% taxifolin, and pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) extract, containing 20% punicalagins, that demonstrates a synergistic reduction of melanin biosynthesis in Melan-a cells. The combination of Siberian larch and pomegranate extracts (1:1) produced a 2-fold reduction in melanin content compared to Siberian larch or pomegranate extracts alone with no corresponding effect on cell viability. Siberian larch and pomegranate fruit extracts inhibited expression of melanocyte specific genes, tyrosinase (Tyr), microphthalmia transcription factor (Mitf), and melanosome structural proteins (Pmel17 and Mart1) but did not inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of melanin biosynthesis by Siberian larch and pomegranate extracts, alone and in combination, is through downregulation of melanocyte specific genes and not due to inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme activity.


Assuntos
Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Larix/química , Lythraceae/química , Melaninas/biossíntese , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Baixo , Combinação de Medicamentos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Frutas , Humanos , Antígeno MART-1/metabolismo , Melaninas/genética , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Antígenos Específicos de Melanoma/genética , Antígenos Específicos de Melanoma/metabolismo , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/genética , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Quercetina/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Antígeno gp100 de Melanoma
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