RESUMO
The recent large use of the Cyclone® Plus Storage Phosphor System, especially in European countries, as imaging system for quantification of radiochemical purity of radiopharmaceuticals raised the problem of setting the periodic controls as required by European Legislation. We described simple, low-cost methods for Cyclone® Plus quality controls, which can be useful to evaluate the performance measurement of this imaging system.
Assuntos
Autorradiografia/instrumentação , Autorradiografia/normas , Calibragem/normas , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/análise , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/normas , Cromatografia em Camada Fina/instrumentação , Cromatografia em Camada Fina/normas , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/normas , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Europa (Continente) , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: An increasing incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) in patients treated with intravenous bisphosphonates has been reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical aspects, diagnostic investigations, and management of ONJ associated with bisphosphonates in a series of 12 patients. METHOD: Our patients included 1 asymptomatic and 11 symptomatic subjects. For the symptomatic patients, the osteonecrosis was diagnosed through histological investigations of exposed bone that showed avascular and necrotic tissue with inflammatory infiltrate. The patients were complaining of swelling, fever, and bone exposure involving the jaws. The asymptomatic patient presented as an occasional finding during a routine dental examination and the necrosis was confirmed on the basis of imaging investigations. Radiographic, scintigraphic, and microbiological examinations were carried out for all patients. Treatment included antibiotics, minor surgical interventions, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. RESULTS: The radiological investigations revealed osteolytic areas and the scintigraphy demonstrated increased bone metabolism. The microbiological analysis showed pathogenic micro-organisms in the majority of patients. Therapy was useful in obtaining short-term symptomatic relief. CONCLUSIONS: Histological, radiological, nuclear medicine, and microbiological investigations are important diagnostic tools for patients with bisphosphonates-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws. However, a long-term follow-up is necessary if we are to better understand the treatment outcome.