RESUMO
AIM: Clubfoot is rarely associated with tibial or fibular hemimelia. Treatment is complex and in most of the cases extensive surgery is required. At present experience with Ponseti casting is limited. We describe casting and surgical treatment of 10 clubfeet associated with tibial and fibular hemimelia. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between 1.1.2004 and 31.12.2009 398 clubfeet were treated with casting in our institution. In the same period 10 clubfeet were associated with fibular or tibial hemimelia. Treatment started in 9 clubfeet with Ponseti manipulation and casting. We used the classification of Weber for tibial hemimelia and the Kalamchi-Achterman classification and Paley classification for fibular hemimelia. Data of all patients were prospectively documented and the result of the foot deformity was evaluated before a first lengthening procedure. Documentation included patient data, associated foot pathologies, surgical procedures, functional results. Functional results were evaluated before the first lengthening procedure started. RESULTS: Three patients had tibial hemimelia, two Weber type 1, one Weber type 2, one Weber type 3. five patients had fibular hemimelia, Paley type IV or Kalamchi-Achterman Type IA. One child had bilateral fibular hemimelia. The prospective leg length discrepancy ranged from 3.2 cm to 14 cm. Four feet had initially a successful treatment with casting. In a type 2 according to Weber we performed an ankle reconstruction procedure to correct tibiofibular diastases. Four feet underwent PMR. We had four relapses. Two equinus relapses were treated with a posterior release. Two severe relapses were finally corrected with resection of the coalition and midfoot osteotomies. In a Weber type 3 case a complex reconstruction was performed using an Ilisarov and a TSF frame. Functional results showed in a mean follow-up of 42.2 months (24-72 months) a dorsiflexion between 5 and 20° (Ø 7.7°) and a plantarflexion between 10 and 40° (Ø 26.1°). CONCLUSION: Treatment of clubfoot associated with tibial or fibular hemimelia with the Ponseti technique is limited because of complex hindfoot deformities including tarsal coalitions. Nevertheless treatment after birth starts with casting. Only mild cases of hemimelia without coalition can be corrected with the Ponseti technique. In a case of tibiofibular diastasis successful casting is possible, but extensive surgery is often necessary. In more severe cases we do not recommend casting. In these cases surgical treatment, including posteromedial release, osteotomies for the hindfoot, resection of coalitions or complex osteotomies with Ilisarov or TSF frame is the treatment of choice.
Assuntos
Pé Torto Equinovaro/reabilitação , Ectromelia/complicações , Ectromelia/reabilitação , Fíbula/anormalidades , Imobilização/métodos , Manipulações Musculoesqueléticas/métodos , Tíbia/anormalidades , Adolescente , Adulto , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Pé Torto Equinovaro/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: The Ponseti method is accepted worldwide for the treatment of congenital clubfoot. We report about our experience in a 7-year period. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the history of well treated feet between primary correction and the age of 5-6 years with relapse rate and functional results. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between 1.1.2004 and 31.12.2005 we treated 71 patients with 102 idiopathic clubfeet with the Ponseti method. All patients were prospectively evaluated. We used the Pirani score. The patients' results were documented when the children started to walk and before primary school. The results were compared and statistically evaluated. We used the McKay score and measured the talocalcaneal angle on lateral and a. p. radiographs. RESULTS: 89 % clubfeet were successful treated with the Ponseti method. At walking age plantar flexion was between 30° und 50° (∅ 42°) and dorsiflexion between 5° and 30° (∅ 25°). Before primary school plantar flexion was between 30° and 50° (∅ 37,8°) and dorsiflexion between 0° and 25° (∅ 13,9°). Using the McKay score we had 91 % excellent or good results. 31 % cases had surgical treatment of a relapse. In the relapse group 82 % had an excellent or good result according to the McKay score. CONCLUSION: The Ponseti method is a very effective technique to treat idiopathic clubfeet. In the first 5 to 6 years of age there is a significant loss of range of motion. The relapse rate is comparable to those of other clubfoot treatment concepts. The relapse treatment of the Ponseti technique, with recasting, tibialis anterior tendon transfer and Achilles tendon lengthening leads to good functional results.
Assuntos
Pé Torto Equinovaro/reabilitação , Imobilização/métodos , Manipulações Musculoesqueléticas/métodos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: We report about our experiences with the elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of traumatic humeral shaft fractures in children and adolescents. METHOD: Children with traumatic humerus shaft fractures who were treated by ESIN were included. All patients underwent clinical follow-up examinations. RESULTS: 31 children (average age 11.4 years) with traumatic humeral shaft fractures could be included. There were 14 oblique, 12 transverse and 5 wedge fractures. In 5 cases the fracture was located in the proximal third, in 22 cases in the middle third and in 4 cases in the distal third. After an average period of 32 months a follow-up-examination with the Constant-Murley score was performed. All children attained 100 points and all patients could take part in sports activities like before the accident. 30 children and their parents were very satisfied with the treatment success and 1 patient was satisfied. The following complications were seen: 1 postoperative damage of the radial nerve in a patient with secondary fracture dislocation (complete remission), 1 skin irritation, 1 fracture dislocation with axial deviation, 1 secondary dislocation of the nails after a second accident and 1 secondary axial deviation. CONCLUSIONS: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of humerus shaft fractures has a low complication rate if attention is paid to biomechanical principles. The observed complications are based on mistakes concerning the indication or technical errors. The ESIN shows very good functional and cosmetic results. It allows an early functional and cast-free follow-up with a quick pain reduction. The ESIN of humeral shaft fractures is a minimally invasive, simple and well reproducible technique with a steep learning curve. Because of the excellent objective and subjective results, the operative stabilization of humerus shaft fractures with ESIN should be recommended to the patients and their parents.