RESUMO
Assessing maternal dietary habits across Europe during pregnancy in relation to their national pregnancy recommendations. A collaborative, multi-centre, birth cohort study in nine European countries was conducted as part of European Union funded EuroPrevall project. Standardised baseline questionnaire data included details of food intake, nutritional supplement use, exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy and socio-demographic data. Pregnancy recommendations were collected from all nine countries from the appropriate national organisations. The most commonly taken supplement in pregnancy was folic acid (55.6 % Lithuania-97.8 % Spain) and was favoured by older, well-educated mothers. Vitamin D supplementation across the cohort was very poor (0.3 % Spain-5.1 % Lithuania). There were significant differences in foods consumed in different countries during pregnancy e.g. only 2.7 % Dutch mothers avoided eating peanut, while 44.4 % of British mothers avoided it. Some countries have minimal pregnancy recommendations i.e. Lithuania, Poland and Spain while others have similar, very specific recommendations i.e. UK, the Netherlands, Iceland, Greece. Allergy specific recommendations were associated with food avoidance during pregnancy [relative rate (RR) 1.18 95 % CI 0.02-1.37]. Nutritional supplement recommendations were also associated with avoidance (RR 1.08, 1.00-1.16). Maternal dietary habits and the use of dietary supplements during pregnancy vary significantly across Europe and in some instances may be influenced by national recommendations.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais , Comportamento Alimentar , Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Vitamina D/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Comparação Transcultural , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Humanos , Política Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais , Cuidado Pré-Concepcional , Gravidez , Saúde da MulherAssuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Antígenos de Plantas/imunologia , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/etiologia , Resfriado Comum/tratamento farmacológico , Rinite Alérgica Sazonal/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Anticorpos Anti-Idiotípicos , Anticorpos Monoclonais/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/diagnóstico , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/fisiopatologia , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/prevenção & controle , Espasmo Brônquico , Resfriado Comum/complicações , Resfriado Comum/diagnóstico , Resfriado Comum/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Ibuprofeno/administração & dosagem , Ibuprofeno/efeitos adversos , Obstrução Nasal , Omalizumab , Poaceae , Pólen , Qualidade de Vida , Testes de Função Respiratória , Rinite Alérgica Sazonal/complicações , Rinite Alérgica Sazonal/diagnóstico , Rinite Alérgica Sazonal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The sera of 20 patients with Compositae pollen allergy were investigated for the presence of IgE antibodies reacting against sunflower pollen by means of RAST and immunoblotting studies. Thirteen IgE-binding bands were detected with molecular weights ranging from 14.4 to 94 kd. Two of these bands, with molecular weights of 24 and 25 kd, contained major allergens that reacted strongly with 100% (24 kd) and 95% (25 kd) of the sera, respectively. Cross-reactivity between sunflower and other Compositae pollens (mugwort, marguerite, dandelion, golden rod, and short ragweed) was revealed by RAST and immunoblotting inhibition experiments. Mugwort pollen exhibited the greatest degree of allergenic homology (cross-reactivity) with sunflower pollen, whereas at the other end of the spectrum, short ragweed showed less cross-reactive epitopes.