[Temporary approval for intranasal naloxone: Setting up in a French addiction center]. / Pratique de l'ATU de cohorte de la naloxone intranasale (Nalscue®) : mise en place dans un CSAPA parisien.

Intranasal naloxone aims at preventing opioid overdose related deaths in active drug users. In France, it has been available since July 2016 through a temporary approval which requires a hospital-based pharmacy and a nominative registration of each patient. We present the characteristics of the first patients who could receive this prescription in our hospital-based addiction center and how they used naloxone during follow-up. Results favor a larger dispensing of naloxone. Patients' as well as peers' and families' education is needed.

Anxiety disorders are associated with early onset of heroin use and rapid transition to dependence in methadone maintained patients.

Early onset of heroin use is a severity marker of heroin use disorder. We studied the interaction between early onset and rapid transition to heroin dependence recorded with retrospective interviews in 213 patients with severe heroin dependence and history of methadone maintenance treatment. General linear models were used to identify independent factors associated with early onset, factors associated with rapid transition to dependence, and a multivariate model was used to study the interaction of those two dimensions. Lifetime history of anxiety disorders and age at onset of cannabis use are shared common risk factors and are associated with the interaction.