Evaluation of the use of chamomile in isolation and in association with laser photobiomodulation in the healing of rats oral mucosa.

Laser photobiomodulation (LPBM) has been shown to be one of the possible modulating agents of inflammation. Similarly, medicinal plants, such as chamomile (Matricaria recutita) are also used with the same purpose. To evaluate tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats under topical use of chamomile alone and in association with LPBM. Seventy-five male Wistar rats received a standardized wound on the dorsum of the tongue and were allocated into experimental groups: Control (G1), Chamomile Fluid extract (G2), Chamomile Infusion (G3), Laser (G4), Chamomile Infusion + Laser (G5). Euthanasia was done on days 3, 7, and 14 after surgery. Ulcers were evaluated and measured with a caliper. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius Red allowed evaluation of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, and re-epithelialization and characterization of total collagen. Histomorphometric analysis of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. The G2 and G4 groups modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of inflammation, both clinically and histologically. The G3 and G5 groups did not show significant differences in relation to the G1 group in most of the evaluated parameters. Chamomile fluid extract and LPBM alone showed better clinical and histological responses for tissue repair than the association between these therapeutic modalities. There were differences in the parameters of clinical, histological, and histomorphometric patterns between the experimental groups of the present investigation. The LPBM proved to be superior in the performed analysis.

Evaluation of the effect of Matricaria recutita monotherapy or in combination with photodynamic therapy on tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats.

OBJECTIVE: The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita (chamomile) is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in rats' tongues. METHODOLOGY: A total of 75 male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), chamomile fluid extract (G2), chamomile infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and chamomile infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometry analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. Descriptive (absolute/relative frequencies and modes) and exploratory analyses were performed. The associations between the groups and the presence of ulcers were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. All analyses were performed using the R program and statistical significance was set at p=0.05. RESULTS: The G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). The G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). The G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. CONCLUSION: The chamomile fluid extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue.

Evaluation of the effect of Matricaria recutita monotherapy or in combination with photodynamic therapy on tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats*

Abstract The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita (chamomile) is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in rats' tongues. Methodology A total of 75 male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), chamomile fluid extract (G2), chamomile infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and chamomile infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometry analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. Descriptive (absolute/relative frequencies and modes) and exploratory analyses were performed. The associations between the groups and the presence of ulcers were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. All analyses were performed using the R program and statistical significance was set at p=0.05. Results The G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). The G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). The G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. Conclusion The chamomile fluid extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue.

Effect of 670 nm laser photobiomodulation on vascular density and fibroplasia in late stages of tissue repair.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of gallium-aluminum-arsenium (GaAlAs) (670 nm) laser therapy on neoangiogenesis and fibroplasia during tissue remodelling. Forty male Wistar rats underwent cutaneous surgery and were divided into 2 experimental groups: the Control and Laser group (9 mW, 670 nm, 0.031 W/cm2 , 4 J/cm2 ). After 14, 21, 28, and 35 days, the animals were euthanised. Descriptive and quantitative analyses were performed in sections stained with haematoxylin-eosin and Sirius Red, respectively. The amounts of VEGF+ and CD31+ cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and histomorphometric analysis, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and Spearman correlation test, P < 0.05. The collagen expression was significantly higher in the laser group compared with the control group on days 14 and 21 after the creation of the skin wound (P = 0.008; P = 0.016) and in the control group between 14 and 28 and 14 and 35 days (P = 0.001; P = 0.007). There were more blood vessels in three periods of the study only in the (Laser) treated group, with statistical significance at day 14 (P = 0.016). There was no statistically significant difference in VEGF+ cell count in the different experimental groups throughout the study, although a positive correlation was shown with the area of collagen on days 14 and 28 (P = 0.037). Laser treatment had a positive effect in the late course of healing, particularly with regards to collagen expression and the number of newly formed vessels. VEGF+ cells were present in both experimental groups, and VEGF appeared to influence fibroplasia in the treated group.