RESUMO
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a novel nanomaterial with wide potential applications; however the adverse effects of CNTs following environmental exposure have recently received significant attention. Herein, we explore the systemic toxicity and potential influence of 0-1000 mg L(-1) the multi-walled CNTs on red spinach. The multi-walled CNTs exposed plants exhibited growth inhibition and cell death after 15 days of hydroponic culture. The multi-walled CNTs had adverse effects on root and leaf morphology, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Raman spectroscopy detected the multi-walled CNTs in leaves. Biomarkers of nanoparticle toxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell damage in the red spinach were greatly increased 15 days post-exposure to the multi-walled CNTs. These effects were reversed when the multi-walled CNTs were supplemented with ascorbic acid (AsA), suggesting a role of ROS in the multi-walled CNT-induced toxicity and that the primary mechanism of the multi-walled CNTs' toxicity is oxidative stress.
Assuntos
Amaranthus/efeitos dos fármacos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Nanotubos de Carbono/toxicidade , Amaranthus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Eletrólitos/química , Azul Evans , Hidroponia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Folhas de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Raízes de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/química , Plântula/efeitos dos fármacos , Plântula/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes , Análise Espectral RamanRESUMO
In this study, nitrobenzene in water and ice samples collected from the Songhua River after the explosion of a petrochemical plant was determined by GC/MS. The results showed that nitrobenzene was detected in most of the water and ice samples taken from the Songhua River. However, the concentration of nitrobenzene in all water and ice samples was from 0 to 0.65 microg L(-1); this range was sufficiently lower than the permissible level (0.017 mg L(-1)) for drinking water in China. The enclosing behavior of nitrobenzene in ice was also investigated. The amount of nitrobenzene enclosed in ice was lower than that reported by UNEP.