Inhibition of cholecystokinin-stimulated pancreaticobiliary output in man by the cholecystokinin receptor antagonist MK-329.

MK-329 (formerly L-364,718) is a new nonpeptide antagonist for the peripheral (type-A) cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor, which has proved effective in blocking the actions of both exogenous and endogenous CCK in several species. To evaluate the effect of MK-329 on CCK-stimulated pancreaticobiliary output in man, six normal subjects received 10 mg MK-329 or placebo orally in a randomized, crossover fashion, before a background intravenous infusion of secretin (5 pmol/kg/h) and two doses of CCK-8 (approximately 15 and 40 pmol/kg/h, each for 1 h). Gastric and duodenal juice were aspirated separately via two double-lumen tubes, with 51Cr-ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid as a duodenal marker. After placebo treatment the background infusion of secretin produced maximum plasma concentrations of secretin similar to postprandial values, averaging about 5 pM. After placebo treatment the low dose CCK-8 infusion (15 pmol/kg/h) increased circulating CCK concentrations from basal levels of 1.8 +/- 0.2 pM to levels similar to those observed postprandially, averaging 9.2 +/- 1.3 pM, and the high dose of CCK-8 (40 pmol/kg/h) induced supraphysiologic levels of CCK, averaging 23.4 +/- 3.2 pM. Plasma concentrations of secretin and CCK were not significantly different during MK-329 treatment. As expected, infusion of CCK-8 at both doses stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion and gallbladder contraction in placebo controls, as indicated by increases in the output of trypsin, amylase, bicarbonate, and bilirubin. Whereas MK-329 did not significantly reduce basal pancreatic secretion, the integrated incremental output of trypsin, amylase, and bicarbonate in response to stimulation with the low (physiologic) CCK dose was inhibited by 74% (p less than 0.01), 89% (NS), and 75% (p less than 0.05), respectively. Basal bilirubin output was virtually abolished after treatment with MK-329, and the response to the low dose of CCK was reduced by 98% (p less than 0.01), indicating almost complete inhibition of gallbladder contraction at physiologic circulating concentrations of CCK. It is concluded that MK-329 is an orally active antagonist of CCK-stimulated pancreaticobiliary output in man and could thus be utilized to explore the physiologic regulation of the exocrine pancreas and gallbladder by CCK.

Serum selenium and zinc concentrations in morbid obesity. Comparison of controls and patients with jejunoileal bypass.

The concentrations of serum selenium and zinc (both in micromoles per litre) were determined in 18 patients 5-12 years after jejunoileal bypass and in 13 controls with untreated morbid obesity. Selenium concentrations were significantly lower in the operated patients than among controls, whereas there was no significant difference with regard to zinc. Ninety-five per cent confidence limits for the median difference between pre- and post-operative concentrations were 0.03-0.41 with regard to selenium and -0.3 to 2.7 with regard to zinc. Even though little is known about the clinical consequences of chronic selenium deficiency, substitution might prove beneficial.