RESUMO
AIMS: Probiotics and plant extracts have been used to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study aimed to explore the effect of the interaction between potential probiotics and bitter gourd extract (BGE) or mulberry leaf extract (MLE) on T2DM. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potential probiotics were tested for their gastrointestinal tract viability and growth situation combined with BGE and MLE in vitro. The diabetes model was constructed in C57BL/6 mice, and the potential effect and mechanism of regulating blood glucose were verified. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), gas chromatography (GC), ELISA, and RT-PCR were also used for analysis. The results showed that Lactobacillus casei K11 had outstanding gastrointestinal tract viability and growth situation with plant extracts. Administration of L. casei K11 combined with BGE and MLE significantly reduced blood glucose levels and ameliorated insulin resistance in diabetic mice than the administration of Lactobacillus paracasei J5 combined with BGE and MLE. Moreover, in L. casei K11 combined with BGE and MLE groups, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokine levels were regulated. Furthermore, the results indicated that L. casei K11 combined with BGE and MLE improved free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) upregulation, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. CONCLUSIONS: These findings showed that L. casei K11 combined with BGE and MLE modified the SCFA-FFAR2-GLP-1 pathway to improve T2DM. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study identified a new modality for evaluating interactions between potential probiotics and plant extracts. Our findings revealed that L. casei K11 combined with BGE and MLE significantly promoted the SCFA-FFAR2-GLP-1 pathway to inhibit T2DM.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Lacticaseibacillus casei , Probióticos , Animais , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologiaRESUMO
In this paper we reported that kang shuai shen fang (KSSF) could recover the immune functions of irradiated mice. The results indicated that KSSF is able to enhance the proliferation response of spleen cells of irradiated mice to Con A and LPS. At the dosage of 400 mg/kg.d, KSSF can stimulate the production of plaque forming cells, the DTH response induced by allogeneic splenocytes. The mixed lymphocyte reaction was much stronger in the drug-receiving irradiated group than that in the control group. Further study indicated that KSSF is able to enhance the production of interleukin 2 in irradiated mice.
Assuntos
Células Produtoras de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/imunologia , Animais , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Radioisótopos de Cobalto , Feminino , Técnica de Placa Hemolítica , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Baço/citologiaRESUMO
In this report the authors studied the effects of kang shuai sen fang (KSSF) on the immune functions of mice. The results indicated that KSSF was able to enhance the proliferation response of spleen cells of mice to Con A and LPS. At the dosage of 400 mg/kg.d, KSSF could stimulate the production of plague forming cells (PFC), the DTH response induced by allogeneic splenocytes. The mixed lymphocyte reaction was much stronger in the drug-receiving group than that in the control group. Further study indicated that KSSF was able to enhance the activities of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and the production of interleukin 2.