Two new compounds from the dry leaves of Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) keng f.

Two new compounds, xylitol 1-O-(6'-O-p-hydroxylbenzoyl)-glucopyranoside (1) and bambulignan B (2), together with three known ones gastrodin (3), glucovanillin (4), and rel-(7S,7'R,8R,8'S)-4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-7,7'-epoxyligna-9,9'-diol-9(or)9'-O-ß-glucopyranoside (5), were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the dry leaves of Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) keng f. Their structures were determined by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, CD, and 1D and 2D NMR data analyses as well as GC experiments.

[Risk factors associated with prognosis in patients with radiation proctitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors associated with prognosis in patients with radiation proctitis (RP). METHODS: Between August 2007 and February 2010, 33 patients diagnosed with radiation proctitis were identified. Data pertaining to treatments and quality of life(QOL) were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Indication for radiation included cervical cancer(n=22), prostate cancer (n=3), ovary cancer (n=2), rectal cancer (n=2), endometrial cancer(n=2), cervical cancer (n=1), and vaginal cancer(n =1). Data regarding radiation were available in 18 patients, and the mean dose was (61.3±12.9) Gy with a median dose of 61 Gy. Eleven were treated with enema therapy, 9 formalin dab, 12 surgical operations. Clinical improvement was noticed in 75% of the patients with a mean QOL score of 63.79±20.92. Prognosis was favorable in 75% of the patients. Surgical treatment was effective in 91.7% of the patients with severe complications. Univariate analysis showed that gender was associated with the prognosis of RP, while the severity of RP and treatment method were not predictive for RP prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Gender but not disease severity is associated with the prognosis of radiation proctitis. Surgery may be beneficial to RP patients with severe complications.

Coumarins from the leaves of Bambusa pervariabilis McClure.

A new pyrone-coumarin, 7,8-dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (1), along with two known coumarins, scopoletin (2) and scopolin (3), was isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the leaves of Bambusa pervariabilis McClure. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic techniques and chemical methods.

[Detection of antioxidative capacity of bamboo leaf extract by scavenging hydroxyl free radical].

By studying on absorption spectrum of red compound coming from the reaction system of Fe2+ and 1, 10-phenanthroline and the capacity of antioxidant TBHQ and bamboo leaf extract for scavenging hydroxyl free radical, some results were drawn as follows: the determining wavelength of bamboo leaf extract for scavenging hydroxyl free radical by spectrophotometric method is 509.1 nm, and IC50 (the value of antioxidant concentration at scavenging half of hydroxyl free radical)was used as the index to evaluate scavenging capacity. The determined IC50 values were TBHQ (0.040), M20 (0.378), M40 (0.323), M60 (0.334), and bamboo leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant.

[Effect of Qindan Capsule on expression of vascular adventitial collagen I and III in old spontaneous hypertensive rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Qindan Capsule (QDC) on gene and protein expression of vascular adventitial collagen I and III (VAC1 and VAC3) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), for further research the possible mechanism of vascular adventitial fibroblasts remodeling. METHODS: Thirty-two SHR, 40 weeks old, were equally randomized into the model group and the three treated groups treated respectively with high (750 mg/Kg x d) and low dosage QDC (150 mg/Kg x d), and losartan (30 mg/Kg x d), once a day for 12 weeks. Besides, a normal blank control group and a normal QDC (750 mg/Kg x d) medicated group were set up with same aged Wistar-Kyoto rats. Systolic blood pressures of rats were monitored, gene and protein expressions of VAC1 and VAC3 in rats' thoracic aortic adventitia were detected at the end of experiment using immune-histochemical staining and real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, blood pressure as well as the gene and protein expressions of VAC1 and VAC3 were all lower in the two QDC (high and low dosage) treated groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: QDC could not only effectively reduce the blood pressure in SHR, but also suppress and even reverse their thoracic aorta adventitial vascular remodeling, which is displayed by the obvious lowering of VAC1 and VAC2 expression levels.

[Detection of antioxidative capacity of bamboo leaf extract by scavenging superoxide anion free radical].

By studying absorption spectrum, oxidation velocity of pyrogallic acid reaction system, the effect of pyrogallic acid concentration and buffer pH value on the scavenging rate for superoxide anion free radical coming from reaction system was investigated, and some results were obtained as follows, the wavelength used for the pyrogallic acid reaction system was determined by spectrophotometric method: 319.5 nm. Some parameters of the reaction system were determined as follows: reaction volume: 10 mL, reaction time: 9 min, volume of pyrogallic acid (3 mmol x L(-1)): 0.3 mL, pH value of buffer: 8.2 and oxidation velocity: 0.035. The relation between scavenging rate for superoxide anion free radical and concentration of TBHQ and bamboo leaf extract samples was studied by our method, and IC50 (the value of antioxidant concentration at scavenging half of superoxide anion free radical) was used as the index to evaluate scavenging capacity. IC50 value of TBHQ and most effective samples were as follows: TBHQ (95.01 mg x L(-1)) and M40 (298.69 mg x L(-1)). M40 and other bamboo leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant.

[Detection of antioxidative capacity of bamboo leaf extract by scavenging organic free radical DPPH].

By studying on absorption spectrum of DPPH solution and DPPH reaction system, the conclusion was drawn as follows, the wavelength for the determination of DPPH reaction system by spectrophotometric method was chosen to be 518.4 nm, DPPH reaction system was 4.00 mL of 257.7 mg x L(-1) DPPH+1 mL of antioxidant solution with the reaction time of DPPH reaction system of 40 min. The relation between DPPH radical scavenging rate and the concentration of TBHQ and BHT was studied, and IC50 (the value of antioxidant concentration for scavenging half of DPPH radical) was used as the index to evaluate scavenging capacity. The determining IC50 values were as follows: TBHQ (21.14 mg x L(-1)), BHT(42.09 mg x L(-1)) and M40 (108.40 mg x L(-1)). Bamboo leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant.

[Preoperative chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX in low rectal cancer: a multicenter study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the toxicity and safety of FOLFOX regimen concurrent with radiotherapy in neoadjuvant setting in patients with low rectal cancer. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with stage T(3-4)N(0)M(0) and T(1-4)N(1-2)M(0) were eligible from Aug. 2004 to Jul. 2007. Upon entry the study, they received 4 cycles of chemotherapy with FOLFOX regimen. Radiotherapy was added from the second cycle of chemotherapy (CT). The total dose of radiotherapy (RT) was 46 Gy (2 Gy x 23). Total mesorectal excision (TME) was performed 4-8 weeks after RT. RESULTS: Among them, 54 cases received 4 cycles of CT, 1 patient stopped CT after the second cycle of CT because of unrecovery from neutropenia. One patient stopped chemoradiotherapy(CRT) because of complicating with active pulmonary tuberculosis after 2 cycles of CT and 10 times of RT. Two occurred liver, lung and bone metastases after CT. Totally 220 cycles of CT were administrated. Fifty-two patients received operation after CRT, 50 with anal interior sphincter reservation, 19 with prophylactic ileac stoma. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 2 patients after operation, and rectal vaginal fistula in 2 patients 1 month after operation. According to the pathologic results, 7 patients achieved complete response, 41 partial response, 4 stable disease, and the objective response rate was 85.7%. CONCLUSION: Concomitant treatment of FOLFOX regimen and RT in neoadjuvant setting of rectal cancer was safe and tolerable, and it suggests that protective ileostomy for anastomotic leakage following anus-preserving operation should be performed.