Repouso eletromiográfico dos músculos mastigatórios de pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular antes e após intervenção fonoaudiológica com e sem bandagem elástica / Electromyographic rest of the masticatory muscles of patients with temporomandibular disorders before and after speech therapy with and without elastic bandage / Resto electromiográfico de los músculos masticatorios de pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares antes y después de logopedia con y sin venda elástica

Objetivo: A pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar os limiares de repouso eletromiográfico dos músculos masseter e temporal em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) antes e após intervenção fonoaudiológica com e sem a utilização de bandagem elástica terapêutica. Métodos: A coleta contou com 14 participantes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 18 e 40 anos, com diagnóstico de DTM muscular ou mista. As pacientes foram divididas entre dois grupos classificados em: pacientes com bandagem associada à terapia tradicional (CB) e grupo de terapia tradicional (SB). As pacientes inicialmente foram avaliadas pelo exame de eletromiografia de superfície nas situações de contração voluntária máxima e repouso, e após quatro semanas de intervenção, foi realizada nova avaliação com os mesmos instrumentos. A análise dos dados ocorreu de forma quantitativa e qualitativa. Resultados:No grupo SB o músculo masseter direito apresentou aumento dos valores de repouso com significância, foi observado que o mesmo ocorreu para todos os músculos deste grupo, influenciando no equilíbrio da musculatura ipsilateral e contralateral, no entanto sem evidência estatística. O grupo CB não demonstrou valores estatísticos significativos, porém qualitativamente os valores de repouso muscular diminuíram e equilibraram-se de forma contralateral. Conclusão: Não foram observadas mudanças estatisticamente significantes nos limiares eletromiográficos durante repouso dos músculos masseter e temporal em ambos os grupos. Qualitativamente houve aumento dos valores eletromiográficos após terapia manual tradicional em todos os músculos do grupo SB. Com relação ao grupo CB, houve diminuição dos valores do repouso eletromiográfico após terapia, embora sem evidências estatísticas. (AU)

Purpose: Objective: The research aims to verify the electromyographic rest thresholds of the masseter and temporal muscles in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) before and after speech therapy intervention with and without the use of therapeutic elastic bandage. Methods: The collection included 14 female participants, aged between 18 and 40 years, who had a diagnosis of muscular or mixed TMD. The patients were divided into two groups: with traditional therapy (CB) bandage and traditional therapy (SB) only group. The patients underwent initial evaluation, as well as surface electromyography in situations of maximum voluntary contraction and rest and at the end of the four weeks of intervention, a new evaluation was performed with the same instruments. Data analysis occurred quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: In the SB group, the right masseter muscle showed a significant increase in resting values. It was observed that the same occurred for all muscles in this group, influencing the balance of the ipsilateral and contralateral muscles, although without statistical evidence. The CB group did not show statistically significant values, but qualitatively the muscle rest values decreased and balanced in a contralateral way. Conclusion: No statistically significant changes were observed in the resting electromyographic thresholds of the masseter and temporalis muscles in both groups. Qualitatively, there was an increase in electromyographic values after traditional manual therapy in all muscles in the SB group. Regarding the CB group, there was a decrease in electromyographic resting values after therapy, although without statistical evidence. (AU)

Objetivo: La investigación tiene como objetivo verificar los umbrales electromiográficos de reposo de los músculos masetero y temporal en pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares (TMD) antes y después de la terapia del habla con y sin el uso de venda elástica terapéutica. Métodos: La colección incluyó a 14 participantes mujeres, con edades entre 18 y 40 años, diagnosticadas con TTM muscular o mixta. Los pacientes fueron divididos en dos grupos clasificados en: pacientes con vendaje asociado a terapia tradicional (CB) y grupo de terapia tradicional (SB). Los pacientes fueron inicialmente evaluados mediante electromiografía de superficie en situaciones de máxima contracción voluntaria y reposo, luego de cuatro semanas de intervención se realizó una nueva evaluación con los mismos instrumentos. El análisis de datos se llevó a cabo cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Resultados: En el grupo SB, el músculo masetero derecho presentó un aumento significativo en los valores de reposo, se observó que lo mismo ocurrió para todos los músculos de este grupo, influyendo en el equilibrio de los músculos ipsilaterales y contralaterales, sin embargo, sin evidencia estadística. El grupo CB no mostró valores estadísticamente significativos, pero cualitativamente los valores de descanso muscular disminuyeron y se equilibraron contralateralmente. Conclusión: No se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en los umbrales electromiográficos en reposo de los músculos masetero y temporal en ambos grupos. Cualitativamente, hubo un aumento de los valores electromiográficos después de la terapia manual tradicional en todos los músculos del grupo SB. En cuanto al grupo CB, hubo una disminución de los valores electromiográficos de reposo después de la terapia, aunque sin evidencia estadística. (AU)

Negative self-perception of hearing and depression in older adults: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association between negative self-perception of hearing and depression in older adults in Southern Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the third wave of the EpiFloripa Idoso 2017/19 study, a population-based cohort of older adults (60+). A total of 1,335 older adults participated in this wave. The dependent variable was self-reported depression, and the main exposure was self-perception of hearing (negative; positive). For both the crude (bivariate) and adjusted analysis, the odds ratio (OR) was used as a measure of association and estimated by means of binary logistic regression analysis. The exposure variable was adjusted by sociodemographic and health covariates. A p value < 0.05 was adopted as statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of negative self-perception of hearing and depression was 26.0% and 21.8%, respectively. In the adjusted analysis, the older adults with negative self-perception of hearing were 1.96 times more likely to report depression when compared to the ones with positive self-perception of hearing (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The association between negative self-perception of hearing and depression reflects the importance of reviewing health care actions for older adults, incorporating hearing-related issues, to ensure comprehensive care for this growing segment of the population.

Negative self-perception of hearing and depression in older adults: a population-based study / Autopercepção negativa da audição e depressão em idosos: um estudo de base populacional

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between negative self-perception of hearing and depression in older adults in Southern Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the third wave of the EpiFloripa Idoso 2017/19 study, a population-based cohort of older adults (60+). A total of 1,335 older adults participated in this wave. The dependent variable was self-reported depression, and the main exposure was self-perception of hearing (negative; positive). For both the crude (bivariate) and adjusted analysis, the odds ratio (OR) was used as a measure of association and estimated by means of binary logistic regression analysis. The exposure variable was adjusted by sociodemographic and health covariates. A p value < 0.05 was adopted as statistically significant. RESULTS The prevalence of negative self-perception of hearing and depression was 26.0% and 21.8%, respectively. In the adjusted analysis, the older adults with negative self-perception of hearing were 1.96 times more likely to report depression when compared to the ones with positive self-perception of hearing (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The association between negative self-perception of hearing and depression reflects the importance of reviewing health care actions for older adults, incorporating hearing-related issues, to ensure comprehensive care for this growing segment of the population.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a associação entre a autopercepção negativa da audição e a depressão em idosos do sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com dados da terceira onda do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso 2017/19, de coorte de base populacional de idosos (60+). Participaram desta onda 1.335 idosos. A variável dependente foi a depressão autorreferida e a exposição principal foi a autopercepção auditiva (negativa; positiva). Tanto para a análise bruta (bivariada) quanto para a ajustada, a odds ratio (OR) foi utilizada como medida de associação e estimada por meio da análise de Regressão Logística Binária. A variável de exposição foi ajustada pelas covariáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Adotou-se o valor de p < 0,05 como estatisticamente significativo. RESULTADOS A prevalência da autopercepção negativa da audição e depressão foi de 26,0% e 21,8%, respectivamente. Na análise ajustada, idosos com autopercepção negativa da audição apresentaram 1,96 vezes mais chance de referirem depressão quando comparados aos idosos com autopercepção positiva da audição (p = 0,002). CONCLUSÃO A associação encontrada entre a autopercepção negativa auditiva e a depressão reflete a importância de rever as ações de atenção à saúde do idoso, incorporando questões relacionadas à audição para a garantia da atenção integral a esta parcela crescente da população.

Efetividade da Nanotecnologia para Medicamentos em Pacientes com Câncer: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura / Effectiveness of Nanotechnology for Drugs in Patients with Cancer: Integrative Literature Review / Efectividad de la Nanotecnología para Fármacos en Pacientes con Cáncer: Revisión Integrativa de la Literatura

Introdução: A nanotecnologia consiste no controle e manipulação da matéria em nível atômico e molecular, permitindo o desenvolvimento de dispositivos, materiais e sistemas com propriedades diferentes daquelas observadas na escala micro ou macroscópica. Objetivo: Verificar evidências científicas sobre a efetividade dos medicamentos em pacientes com câncer pelo uso da nanotecnologia. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca de artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. Não houve restrição de localização, período e idioma. Para a seleção dos estudos, foi utilizada a combinação baseada no Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH). Incluíram-se na pesquisa estudos que obtiveram pontuação ≥ a 6 pontos, segundo o protocolo para pontuação qualitativa. Resultados: Foram localizados 216 artigos, sendo totalizados 208 após verificação por duplicação. Em seguida, os títulos e resumos foram analisados, sendo excluídos 205 trabalhos fora do escopo da proposta da pesquisa. Admitiram- -se, para a análise final, três artigos do tipo estudo clínico. Os nanocomplexos apresentaram eficiência nas amostras apresentadas, sendo eficazes quando o objetivo consistia em retardar a progressão de determinados tipos de cânceres. Conclusão: Os medicamentos com nanopartículas utilizados nos estudos demonstraram boa adesão pelos pacientes, assim como se apresentaram eficazes no tratamento de cânceres específicos. Contudo, estudos adicionais são necessários para explorar a atividade desses medicamentos

Introduction: Nanotechnology consists of the control and manipulation of matter at atomic and molecular level, allowing the development of devices, materials, and systems with properties different from those observed in the micro or macroscopic scale. Objective: Verify scientific evidence about the effectiveness of drugs in patients with cancer utilizing nanotechnology. Method: Integrative review of the literature. The search for articles was carried out in the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. There was no restriction of location, period, and language. For the selection of the studies, the combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH) was used. Studies that scored ≥ 6 points according to the qualitative scoring protocol were included in the study. Results: 216 articles were found, and after the elimination of duplicates, 208 remained. The titles and abstracts were analyzed, and 205 papers were excluded because they were not within the scope of the proposed study. Three articles of the type clinical trial were admitted for the final analysis. The nano complexes showed efficiency in the samples presented, being effective when the objective was to delay the progression of certain types of cancers. Conclusion: Medications with nanoparticles used in the studies showed good adherence by the patients, in addition to effectiveness in the treatment of specific cancers. However, additional studies are needed to explore the activity of these drugs

Introducción: La nanotecnología consiste en el control y manipulación de la materia a nivel atómico y molecular, permitiendo el desarrollo de dispositivos, materiales y sistemas con propiedades diferentes a las observadas a escala micro o macroscópica. Objetivo: Verificar la evidencia científica sobre la efectividad de los medicamentos en pacientes con cáncer mediante el uso de nanotecnología. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las bases de datos MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. No hubo restricción de ubicación, período e idioma. Para la selección de estúdios, se utilizó la combinación basada en los Términos de Encabezamiento de Materia Médica (MeSH). Los estudios que puntuaron ≥ 6 puntos según el protocolo de puntuación cualitativa. Resultados: Se encontraron 216 artículos, con un total de 208 luego de la verificación por duplicación. Luego, se analizaron los títulos y resúmenes, y se excluyeron 205 artículos por no estar en el alcance de la propuesta de investigación. Se admitieron tres artículos del tipo estudio clínico para el análisis final. Los nano complejos mostraron eficiencia en las muestras presentadas, siendo efectivas cuando el objetivo era retrasar la progresión de ciertos tipos de cánceres. Conclusión: Los fármacos de nanopartículas utilizados en los estudios mostraron una buena adherencia por parte de los pacientes, además de ser eficaces en el tratamiento de cánceres específicos. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios adicionales para explorar la actividad de estos fármacos

Pilates Exercise for Hypertensive Patients: A Review of the Literature.

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) has a prevalence of approximately 1 billion cases worldwide. The main goals for its treatment involve changes in a patient's lifestyle, with a strategy of management that aims to increase his or her level of physical activity, with a recommendation for aerobic and resistance exercise. Some evidence has suggested that training with isometric exercises can produce effects similar to aerobic exercise on blood pressure reduction. Conventional exercises that are currently used in rehabilitation of hypertensive patients show low adherence, with a lack of motivation on the part of those patients. In that context, the Pilates method, which uses isometric exercises, has been gaining in popularity and worldwide acceptance, and it has the potential to be an effective method. The current literature review shows the possible benefits of the Pilates method for rehabilitation of hypertensive patients. However, even though the method is a promising modality, the authors have found that future research appears to be necessary to evaluate the benefits of Pilates for hypertensive patients.

Pilates Method for Lung Function and Functional Capacity in Obese Adults.

Obesity is defined as the condition in which the body mass index (BMI) is ≥ 30 kg/m2 and is responsible for decreased quality of life and functional limitations. The harmful effects on ventilatory function include reduced lung capacity and volume; diaphragmatic muscle weakness; decreased lung compliance and stiffness; and weakness of the abdominal muscles, among others. Pilates is a method of resistance training that works with low-impact muscle exercises and is based on isometric exercises. The current article is a review of the literature that aims to investigate the hypothesis that the Pilates method, as a complementary method of training, might be beneficial to pulmonary function and functional capacity in obese adults. The intent of the review was to evaluate the use of Pilates as an innovative intervention in the respiratory dysfunctions of obese adults. In studies with other populations, it has been observed that Pilates can be effective in improving chest capacity and expansion and lung volume. That finding is due to the fact that Pilates works through the center of force, made ​​up of the abdominal muscles and gluteus muscles lumbar, which are responsible for the stabilization of the static and dynamic body that is associated with breath control. It has been observed that different Pilates exercises increase the activation and recruitment of the abdominal muscles. Those muscles are important in respiration, both in expiration and inspiration, through the facilitation of diaphragmatic action. In that way, strengthening the abdominal muscles can help improve respiratory function, leading to improvements in lung volume and capacity. The results found in the current literature review support the authors' observations that Pilates promotes the strengthening of the abdominal muscles and that improvements in diaphragmatic function may result in positive outcomes in respiratory function, thereby improving functional capacity. However, the authors did not find specific studies with obese people, justifying the need for future studies.