Discussion on Microbial Quality Control Strategy in Whole Process of Chinese Materia Medica Production Guided by Concept of QbD / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Safety is the core of the quality of Chinese materia medica products， and microbial pollution caused by medicinal materials， decoction pieces， intermediate products and others can bring certain impact on the quality and safety of Chinese materia medica products. The reasons for this are not only the problems of medicinal materials themselves， but also the exogenous pollution introduced in the production process. How to effectively use microbial detection technology and establish an appropriate microbial quality control strategy in the whole process of Chinese materia medica production is of great significance to improve the quality of Chinese materia medica products. Therefore， the authors put forward a microbial quality control strategy in the whole process of Chinese materia medica production based on the guidance of quality by design （QbD） concept， emphasizing the scientific linkage between the internal and external microbial quality control systems to jointly ensure the quality of products in all aspects. Among them， the internal microbial quality control system includes the control of the whole chain of Chinese materia medica-decoction pieces-intermediate products-excipitents-packaging materials-final products， which should be carried out by stages and characteristics， while the external microbial quality control system includes the control of personnel-equipment and facilities-pharmaceutical water-environment， emphasizing the principle of quality risk management and the development of monitoring programs， aiming to closely integrate microbial quality risk management with the production process of Chinese materia medica products， and to classify and develop microbial control strategies in order to minimize the impact of contaminating microorganisms and effectively guarantee the quality of Chinese materia medica products.

Treatment progress of weight gain and abnormal lipid metabolism in patients with schizophrenia caused by clozapine and olanzapine / 四川精神卫生

To address the issue of weight gain and abnormal lipid metabolism caused by clozapine and olanzapine administration in patients with schizophrenia， a qualitative and systematic review was carried out， thus providing references for clinical treatment and future research. This review embraces the aspects of pharmacotherapy， traditional Chinese medicine treatment and so on.

Anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from Swertia mussotii.

Six compounds were isolated from an ethanol extract of Swertia mussotii and identified as 2-phenylethyl-ß-D-glucoside (1), amaroswerin (2), 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (3), swertiamarine (4), 1,3,8-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (5) and methylswertianin (6). Compounds 1, 2 and 6 were isolated from S. mussotii for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds were evaluated by determining their effect on the production of NO by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Amaroswerin was the most potent inhibitor of NO release, with an IC50 value of 5.42 µg/mL. Treatment with amaroswerin inhibited expression of iNOS at both protein and mRNA levels. Amaroswerin also dose-dependently suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß and reduced expression of mRNA for these LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory mediators. Amaroswerin thus inhibits the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß by downregulating transcription in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells, indicating that amaroswerin may be a valuable therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Effect of Taohua decoction on antibiotic associated diarrhea in intenive care unit: a multi-central randomized controlled study / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Taohua decoction in treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Methods Sixty-two patients diagnosed with AAD admitted to the department of intenive care unit (ICU) of Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jiaxing First Hospital, Jiaxing Second Hospital and Haining Hospital of TCM from April 2015 to November 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into an experimental group (32 cases) and a control group (30 cases) according to the random number table method. The two groups were given routine treatment of western medicine, the patients in experimental group were additionally given Taohua decoction (ingreients: red halloysite 30 g, zingiberis 15 g, japonica rice 30 g), while in the control group, the patients only received the routine treatment of western medicine. The therapeutic course in the two groups was 14 days. The TCM syndrome score, the duration of diarrhea, the time of abdominal pain relief and the time using antibiotics, besides acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, albumin level, endoscopic and pathological changes were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results After treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome and APACHE Ⅱin the two groups were all lower than those before treatment, the level of albumin was higher than that before treatment, and the changes of above indexes in the experimental group were more significant than those in the control group [the scores of TCM syndrome: 9.32±8.86 vs. 13.50±6.52, APACHE Ⅱ score: 11.08±4.37 vs. 14.06±5.42, albumin (g/L): 33.89±5.02 vs. 30.85±6.44, all P < 0.05]; in experimental group, the time of diarrhea duration (days:12.28±2.28 vs. 15.36±8.68), time of abdominal pain relief (days: 10.09±6.41 vs. 14.27±7.52), time of using antibiotics (days: 11.77±4.72 vs. 15.08±6.98) were significantly shorter than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). The examinations of endoscopy and light microscopy showed that after treatment the numbers of patients with mild intestinal mucosal changes in the experimental group were increased compared with those in the control group (endoscope:18 cases vs. 8 cases, light microscopy: 19 cases vs. 9 cases), but the numbers of patients with moderate (endoscope:14 cases vs. 20 cases, light microscopy: 13 cases vs. 19 cases) and severe (endoscope: 0 vs. 2 cases, light microscopy:0 vs.2 cases) changes were less than those in the control group. Conclusions Taohua decoction can improve the clinical efficacy of mild AAD patients.

Antiproliferative Activity of Phenylpropanoids Isolated from Lagotis brevituba Maxim.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of phenylpropanoids isolated from the n-BuOH-soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Lagotis brevituba Maxim. The phenylpropanoids were identified as echinacoside, lagotioside, glucopyranosyl(1-6)martynoside, plantamoside, and verbascoside. Three of the compounds, lagotioside, glucopyranosyl(1-6)martynoside, and plantamoside, were isolated from L. brevituba for the first time. The antiproliferative activity of the isolates was evaluated in human gastric carcinoma (MGC-803), human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), human hepatocellar carcinoma (HepG2), and human lung cancer (HCT116) cells using an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Plantamoside showed promising activity against MGC-803 cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 37.09 µM. The mechanism of the pro-apoptosis effect of plantamoside was then evaluated in MGC-803 cells. Changes in cell morphology, including disorganization of the architecture of actin microfilaments and formation of apoptotic bodies, together with cell cycle arrest in G2/M phases, were observed after treatment of plantamoside. The antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects were associated with a decrease in the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, which was accompanied by the release of reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ into the cytoplasm. Taken together, the results indicated that plantamoside promotes apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent mechanism. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Comparison of Content of Pulchinenoside B4 from Different Sources of Pulsatilla Chinensis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To investigate the quality of Pulsatilla chinensis from different sources on reference of pulchinenoside B4 as the index. Methods Five kinds of Pulsatilla chinensis herbs and cut crude drug were purchased from Chinese herbal medicine market in Bozhou,and Wild Pulsatilla chinensis were collected from Chuzhou. The content of pulchinenoside B4 were determined by HPLC. Results Linear relationship was good within 0.312 5～10 ?g,the regression equation was Y=276 350X -12 180,R2= 0.999 6. Conclusion The differences of pulchinenoside B4 from different sources of Pulsatilla chinensis varied greatly.