RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of KE-298 and KE-758 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production by the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line, and the effect of KE-758 on spontaneous NO production by peritoneal cells from rats with adjuvant induced arthritis. METHODS: The amount of NO was determined using Griess reagents. The proteins for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were detected by Western blot, then mRNA for interferon-beta (IFN)-beta, IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), and iNOS were detected by RT-PCR. Degradation of iNOS mRNA was analyzed using Northern blot. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in nuclear extracts was determined by EMSA. Adjuvant arthritis in rats was induced by inoculating heat killed Mycobacterium butyricum s.c. in the tail. RESULTS: KE-298 and KE-758 suppressed NO production by LPS activated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting iNOS gene expression. Neither LPS induced NF-kappa B activation nor degradation of iNOS mRNA was affected by KE-758 treatment. LPS induced IFN-beta and IRF-1 gene expression were markedly suppressed by KE-758. In rats with adjuvant induced arthritis, enhanced NO and iNOS production by cultured peritoneal cells and the development of arthritis were suppressed by KE-758. CONCLUSION: KE-758 suppressed LPS induced iNOS gene expression by murine macrophage cells by inhibiting IFN-beta/IRF-1 expression. The potential of KE-758 to inhibit iNOS production might partly explain its efficacy on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats.
Assuntos
Antirreumáticos/farmacologia , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Macrófagos Peritoneais/enzimologia , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Fenilbutiratos/farmacologia , Fenilpropionatos/farmacologia , Animais , Antirreumáticos/química , Artrite Experimental/imunologia , Artrite Experimental/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2 , Primers do DNA , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Injeções Intravenosas , Fator Regulador 1 de Interferon , Interferon beta/genética , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Macrófagos Peritoneais/citologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/genética , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II , Fenilpropionatos/química , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintases/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
CsOH- or Ag(2)O-mediated cycloalkylation of (alkylidene)bisperoxides 3 and 1,n-dihaloalkanes (n = 3-8) provided the corresponding medium-sized 1,2,4,5-tetraoxacycloalkanes 4-8 in moderate yields. Subsequent evaluation of the antimalarial activity of the cyclic peroxides 4-8 in vitro and in vivo revealed that 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro[7.11]nonadecane 4a has considerable potential as a new, inexpensive, and potent antimalarial drug.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/síntese química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/síntese química , Compostos de Espiro/síntese química , Animais , Antimaláricos/química , Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Césio , Ciclização , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/farmacologia , Hidróxidos , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Malária/parasitologia , Camundongos , Óxidos , Plasmodium berghei , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos de Prata , Compostos de Espiro/química , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst in an 8-year-old boy is reported herein. He presented with precocious puberty, and neuroimaging studies demonstrated a solid mass in the prepontine cistern and a huge arachnoid cyst in the left cranial fossa. The mass appeared isointense to the surrounding cerebral cortex on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and was not enhanced after administration of Gd-DTPA. The patient underwent a left frontotemporal craniotomy and a cyst-peritoneal shunt was inserted. Histological features of the cyst wall and the mass were characteristic of an arachnoid cyst and hamartoma, respectively. While a hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst is rare, such a case may help clarify the geneses of both anomalous lesions.
Assuntos
Cistos Aracnóideos/complicações , Aracnoide-Máter/patologia , Hamartoma/complicações , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/complicações , Hipotálamo/patologia , Aracnoide-Máter/diagnóstico por imagem , Aracnoide-Máter/cirurgia , Cistos Aracnóideos/patologia , Cistos Aracnóideos/cirurgia , Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/métodos , Criança , Hamartoma/patologia , Hamartoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/patologia , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/cirurgia , Hipotálamo/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipotálamo/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Puberdade Precoce/etiologia , Puberdade Precoce/patologia , Puberdade Precoce/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
To develop effective therapies for angiosarcoma, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of etoposide (ETO), TNP-470 and prednisolone (PSL) using an established murine angiosarcoma cell line (ISOS-1). We examined the direct anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of these drugs on ISOS-1 cells and normal murine microvascular endothelial cells (mECs) in vitro. Cell growth of ISOS-1 was inhibited significantly by ETO, moderately by TNP-470, and not at all by PSL (IC(50): 0.25 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml, >8000 microg/ml, respectively). One the other hand, cell growth of mECs was inhibited significantly by TNP-470, slightly by PSL, and negligibly by ETO (IC(50): 0.85 ng/ml, 0.7 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml, respectively). In an in vivo assay, tumor growth of ISOS-1 was significantly inhibited by more than 2.5 mg/kg of ETO dose-dependently, and by more than 30 mg/kg of TNP-470, and 100 mg/kg of PSL individually. Combination treatments of ETO+TNP-470 and TNP-470+PSL showed synergistic enhancement of inhibition (% control inhibition: ETO vs. TNP-470 vs. ETO+TNP-470: 55 versus 55 vs. 16%) (% control inhibition: TNP-470 vs. PSL vs. TNP-470+PSL: 41 vs. 86 vs. 21%). ETO+PSL combination treatment, however, failed to show significant enhancement of anti-tumor effects. In conclusion, our results indicated that TNP-470 may be a very effective drug for angiosarcoma treatment, especially in combination with ETO or PSL. We eagerly anticipate the use of TNP-470 in clinical treatment of angiosarcoma.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/uso terapêutico , Etoposídeo/uso terapêutico , Hemangiossarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Sesquiterpenos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cicloexanos , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemangiossarcoma/patologia , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Transplante de Neoplasias , O-(Cloroacetilcarbamoil)fumagilol , Valores de Referência , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Controversy remains regarding the optimal nutrition after hepatic resection. We studied the feasibility and efficacy of an intravenous nutrition with high-dose fat emulsion and amino acids without glucose provision by comparing a glucose-based intravenous nutrition. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-eight patients received either glucose-intravenous nutrition (glucose-IVN group: glucose, 4.2 g; amino acids, 0.8 g/Kg/day) or high-dose fat emulsion and amino acids without glucose provision (HFHA-IVN group: lipids, 2.2 g; amino acids, 1.6 g/Kg/day) for 7 days after hepatic resection (14 patients in each group). Postoperative changes in biochemical tests and plasma levels and arterial-venous concentration differences of amino acids and total ketone bodies across the leg were compared between the two. RESULTS: The 2 groups were comparable regarding perioperative patients' characteristics. None of the patients from either group developed any complications. Postoperative glucose levels showed normal in the HFHA-IVN group, but elevated in the glucose-IVN group. Seven of the glucose-IVN group patients required exogenous insulin administration. Lipid levels were decreased in the glucose-IVN group, but remained normal in the HFHA-IVN group. The HFHA-IVN group showed higher amino acid levels, higher amino acid release, and hyperketonemia and vigorous uptake of ketones by skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that dextrose provision is not essential and the HFHA-IVN provides an alternative to glucose-based intravenous nutrition in patients developing glucose intolerance after hepatic resection.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/administração & dosagem , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/administração & dosagem , Hepatectomia , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Idoso , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
We report a case of 59-year-old man of descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) secondary to peritonsillar abscess. A 59-year-old man with diabetes mellitus was admitted to a local hospital because of cervical swelling related to a peritonsillar abscess. Despite administration of antibiotics, swelling of the neck, dysphagia and dyspnea deteriorated. Therefore he was urgently undergone a tracheotomy and transferred to our hospital by an ambulance. The surgery consisted with neck and anterior mediastinal drainage through neck and cervical collar incision. Culture of drainage fluid showed clostridium difficile. On postoperative day 5, we started hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). After lavage and HBOT, the patient improved by degrees, and discharged on postoperative day 82. DNM is a rare but serious complication of otopharyngeal and deep neck infection that spreads down to the mediastinum through the cervical-facial planes. Its mortality rate remains high even with aggressive surgical drainage and appropriate antibiotics. Our patient was successfully treated with urgent surgical drainage, antibiotics and HBOT. HBOT might be of great value as an adjunctive management to control this fatal infection.
Assuntos
Drenagem/métodos , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Mediastinite/terapia , Antibacterianos , Terapia Combinada , Quimioterapia Combinada/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Mediastinite/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrose , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The effect of addition of linoleic acid-albumin (LAA) to culture medium before freezing on the survival rate of bovine 16-cell embryos after freezing-thawing was investigated. Embryos were incubated in CR1aa containing LAA (0.25 mg/ml) for 4 days after insemination. A conventional slow cooling method was used, in which embryos were cooled at a rate of 0.3 degrees C/min to -30 degrees C in medium supplemented with 1.5 M ethylene glycol and 0.2 M trehalose. The developmental rate to the blastocyst stage of thawed embryos that had been cultured with LAA-containing medium before freezing was higher than that of these cultured without LAA (P<0.05). However, with fresh, non-frozen, embryos that were incubated under the same culture conditions (with and without LAA), no such difference was found.
Assuntos
Bovinos/embriologia , Criopreservação/veterinária , Ácido Linoleico/farmacologia , Albuminas , Animais , Meios de Cultura , Transferência Embrionária/veterináriaRESUMO
We have previously demonstrated that elemental diet (ED) induces decreased lymphocyte transport in intestinal lymph and significant changes in T cell subsets and the number of IgA-containing cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues of rats. In order to examine whether the low fat content contributes to the induction of immunological changes in gut-associated lymphoid tissues, the effects of additional fatty acid in the ED were investigated. Rats were divided into four groups: elemental diet alone, elemental diet supplemented with 5% oleic acid (OA), elemental diet with 10% OA and conventional diet as a control. These diets were given at the same daily calorie intake for 4 weeks. The flow rate of intestinal lymph showed no significant difference between the four groups. However, lymphocyte flux as well as the percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ cells were significantly greater in the control and the 10% OA groups than in the ED and 5% OA groups. Intestinal lymph showed decreased concentrations of IgG and IgA in the ED group, whereas the addition of 10% OA significantly attenuated the decrease in these levels. In mesenteric lymph nodes, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly decreased in the ED group, but 10% OA reversed this change. Immunohistochemical analysis of the ileal mucosa showed that in the ED group the population of CD4+ cells was decreased, while the number of CD8+ cells was increased. Supplementation of OA to ED produced similar stepwise attenuation of the changes in lymphocyte subpopulations in the lamina propria, while the 10% OA group reached levels that were not statistically different from controls. In the elemental diet group, there was a significant decrease in immunoglobulin-containing cells of the IgA class in the lamina propria of the intestine. Similarly, the addition of OA induced dose-dependent recovery in the number of IgA-containing cells. These results suggest that a low dietary concentration of fat may be closely related to changes in lymphocyte transport in intestinal lymph and mucosal immunity of intestinal mucosa induced by the feeding of a long-term ED.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos/farmacologia , Alimentos Formulados , Imunidade nas Mucosas , Tecido Linfoide/imunologia , Ácido Oleico/farmacologia , Animais , Ácidos Graxos/administração & dosagem , Íleo/efeitos dos fármacos , Íleo/imunologia , Imunidade nas Mucosas/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Tecido Linfoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ácido Oleico/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
The roles of vitamin C on secondary pathological changes after spinal cord injury were investigated by evaluating the effects of dietary vitamin C on experimental spinal cord injury in a mutant strain of Wistar rats unable to synthesize ascorbic acid (ODS rats). Two groups of ODS rats were given vitamin C-deficient or vitamin C-supplemented diet for 1 week before injury. Motor disturbance induced by spinal cord injury was found to be greater in the vitamin C-deficient group. Histologically, the area of bleeding in the spinal cord was also greater in the vitamin C-deficient group. The levels of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol in the spinal cord tissue and serum decreased during and after compression injury of the spinal cord. The decrease of alpha-tocopherol was similar in the two groups. However, the decrease of ascorbic acid was greater in the vitamin C-supplemented group. These results indicated that their protective effects against spinal cord injury are through scavenging water-soluble free radicals by vitamin C and lipid-soluble by vitamin E, and the effects of these vitamins were suggested to be independent.
Assuntos
Ácido Ascórbico/biossíntese , Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêutico , Compressão da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Vitamina E/metabolismo , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Deficiência de Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Dieta , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Membro Posterior/fisiologia , Movimento/fisiologia , Mutação , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Compressão da Medula Espinal/patologia , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Vitamina E/sangueRESUMO
This study was undertaken to examine the effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) administered into the subarachnoid space after spinal cord injury (SCI) on the increased production of inducible-nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) in the injured spinal cord in rats. The expression of i-NOS mRNA after SCI was remarkably down-regulated by TGF-beta 1 in vivo. Rats treated with TGF-beta 1 showed a better outcome regarding hindlimb motor dysfunction in the first 5 days after injury compared to the saline-treated rats. However, the final outcome was not better and fibrous scar formation in the injured spinal cord was more evident, which was demonstrated as increased immunoreactivity of fibronectin in the later stage after SCI. These results provide evidence of both positive and negative contributions of TGF-beta 1 to the pathology associated with SCI.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Cicatriz/patologia , Depressão Química , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Indução Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibronectinas/análise , Injeções Espinhais , Masculino , Regeneração Nervosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/biossíntese , Paresia/etiologia , Paresia/prevenção & controle , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia , Espaço Subaracnóideo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacologiaRESUMO
Two experimental methods for restoring flexor tendon sheath integrity and preventing adhesions around traumatized flexor tendons utilizing artificial tendon sheaths made of either hydroxyapatite (HAp) or alumina were studied in a flexor tendon-trauma model and compared to a standard tendon sheath repair and a control. Eighty toes were divided equally into a control group, a sheath repair group, an HAp group, and an alumina group. Profundus tendons in zone II were divided and repaired after sublimis excision in all groups. In the sheath repair group, the flexor sheath was also repaired after suturing the tendon. In artificial sheath groups, sheaths made of HAp and alumina were placed over the repair sites to protect them from the surrounding tissues. In the control group, after repairing the tendon, the flexor sheath was excised and no artificial sheaths were used. Each toe was immobilized in a plaster cast for 3 weeks. After three weeks, the plaster cast was removed followed by the removal of the sheaths in the artificial sheath groups through a small incision in the skin in zone II. Active mobilization was encouraged in each group. Postoperative adhesions were examined at 3, 6, 9, and 12 week intervals by using light microscopic techniques. To further explore the effects of artificial sheaths on tendon healing, transmission electron microscopy was done for the HAp and alumina groups at 3, 6, and 12 week intervals. Results demonstrated decreased severity of postoperative adhesions in the HAp as well as in the alumina groups in comparison with the sheath repair and controls. A space resembling the fibro-osseous canal was formed around the tendon after removing the sheaths. This space remained patent until 12 weeks, 9 weeks after removing the sheaths, and a newly formed tendon sheath-like structure lined by synovial cells and with a peritenon-like structure over the tendon surface was observed. In the sheath repair and control groups, the severity of adhesions was decreased with the passage of time, to some extent due to unrestricted mobility. However, a newly formed tendon sheath or peritenon-like structure was not observed. Electron microscopic studies confirmed good healing at the suture in the HAp and alumina groups with no evidence of necrosis. These results are qualitative in nature as no statistical tests were performed. From these results we conclude that if the tendon is separated from the surrounding granulation tissue by a barrier with good biocompatibility, the tendon can heal with fewer adhesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Assuntos
Traumatismos dos Tendões/cirurgia , Óxido de Alumínio , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Galinhas , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroxiapatitas , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia Eletrônica , Traumatismos dos Tendões/patologia , Fatores de Tempo , Aderências Teciduais/patologia , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controle , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
To evaluate treatment efficacy, Tl-201 SPECT was performed in three patients with pancreatic cancer. In all of the patients, the degree of Tl-201 uptake by tumor, evaluated from the tumor-liver uptake ratio of Tl-201 activity, correlated well with alterations in serum level of a tumor marker (CA 19-9, DUPAN-2) after treatment. One of the patients showed no tumor shrinkage on CT after treatment; however, Tl-201 SPECT demonstrated reduced uptake in the tumor coupled with a decreased level of CA 19-9. These results suggest that Tl-201 SPECT may become a new tool for assessing the efficacy of treatment in pancreatic cancer.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Radioisótopos de Tálio , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Adulto , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/radioterapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos OperatóriosRESUMO
The effects of combined dietary vitamin E supplementation and a relatively low increase in selenium levels on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induction of lipid peroxidation in the short term and development of mammary tumors in the long term were investigated in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Control animals were fed the basal diet (20 mg/kg vitamin E and 0.6 mg/kg selenium) throughout the experiment. Three other groups received a high vitamin E diet (235 mg/kg vitamin E and 0.6 mg/kg selenium) at different times, the first two from three weeks after DMBA treatment and the other throughout the experiment. When the vitamin E diet with selenium supplementation was applied until three weeks after DMBA or until the termination of the experiment, tumor yields (tumors per rat) were significantly inhibited compared with the control group. On the other hand, delaying the supplementation of vitamin E until three weeks postcarcinogen produced no prophylactic effect. The elevation of lipid peroxidation levels observed immediately after DMBA administration was also significantly inhibited in both mammary fat pads and livers of animals in the high vitamin E group. It was therefore concluded that the inhibitory effect of vitamin E in combination with selenium on tumorigenesis might be causally related to reduction of carcinogen treatment associated with lipid peroxidation, the latter presumably playing an important role in DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis.
Assuntos
9,10-Dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno/antagonistas & inibidores , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/prevenção & controle , Selênio/farmacologia , Vitamina E/farmacologia , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animais , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Feminino , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/induzido quimicamente , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A novel calcium-dependent serine proteinase (CASP) secreted from malignant hamster embryo fibroblast Ni 12C2 degrades extracellular matrix proteins. A complementary DNA encoding CASP has been isolated with the use of oligonucleotide probes synthesized based on partial amino acid sequences of CASP. The complete amino acid sequences of CASP revealed that it has a active site at the C-terminal side. Glu rich and proEGF homologous sites are found at the N-terminal site suggesting that it is structurally similar to blood coagulation factors such as IX, X and an anticoagulation factor, protein C.
Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Precursores de Proteínas/metabolismoRESUMO
The effect of olive oil administration on lymphocyte transport through mesenteric lymphatics was examined to see the possible involvement of nutritional absorption in lymphocyte traffic from the intestinal mucosa. After the olive oil administration to rats, remarkable increase in lymphocyte flux was observed within 2 h in lymph samples collected from rats with lymphatic fistula. The use of a high-speed microscopic video system made it possible to analyze accurately the lymphocyte transport in rapid movement that could not be detected by any of the ordinary video systems. The direct observation of mesenteric collecting lymphatics by this system showed an increment of lymphocyte transport from the intestinal mucosa by lipid absorption in 2 h. The contraction frequency of intestinal collecting lymphatics was also enhanced by olive oil administration. The densitometric analysis on video image was applied to estimate the extent of lipid absorption. The combination of a high-speed video system and the densitometric analysis revealed that the increase in lymphocyte flux occurred before lipid absorption reached its maximum and also demonstrated that the lymphocyte transport returned to control levels under the maximal absorptive condition. The results suggest that the fat absorption could be an important factor influencing the lymphocyte transport in the lymphatic system of intestine.
Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Sistema Linfático/metabolismo , Linfócitos/metabolismo , Mesentério/anatomia & histologia , Absorção , Animais , Transporte Biológico , Gorduras Insaturadas na Dieta , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Linfa/metabolismo , Sistema Linfático/citologia , Sistema Linfático/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Azeite de Oliva , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Proteínas/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo , Gravação em VídeoRESUMO
The antihepatotoxic effects of gingerols, shogaols, diarylheptanoids and related analogues were assessed utilizing carbon tetrachloride- and galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Most congeners exhibited significant actions in these assay methods. The carbon tetrachloride assay appeared to be most useful in defining structure-activity relationships. The antihepatotoxic activity of gingerols and shogaols was dependent on the length of the side chain with the [7]- and [8]-companions eliciting the strongest activity. The gingerols exerted more intense activity than the corresponding shogaols. In the diarylheptanoids, introduction of hydroxyl groupings on the phenyl rings caused increased activity; however, the effect of the positions and number of hydroxyls on activity was variable depending on the carbon skeleton.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Álcoois Graxos/uso terapêutico , Heptanos/uso terapêutico , Plantas Medicinais/análise , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Animais , Intoxicação por Tetracloreto de Carbono/tratamento farmacológico , Catecóis/uso terapêutico , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Galactosamina/toxicidade , RatosRESUMO
Sprague-Dawley rats were given gastric intubation of cycad extract (group 1), rectal infusion of cycasin (group 2), or rectal indusion of cycad extract after external colostomy at 1/3 proximal portion of the large intestine (group 3). In group 1, intestinal tumors developed in any portion of the intestinal tract ranging from the duodenum to the rectum. In group 2, tumors developed in mucosa of the large intestine. In group 3, however, tumors arose from both sites of intestinal mucosa which were in contact and not in contact directly with the cycad extract infused. Possible hypothesis for intestinal tumor development by cycad extract and cycasin was presented.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/induzido quimicamente , Adenoma/induzido quimicamente , Compostos Azo/administração & dosagem , Carcinógenos/administração & dosagem , Cicasina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Intestinais/induzido quimicamente , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenoma/patologia , Animais , Colostomia , Feminino , Infusões Parenterais , Neoplasias Intestinais/patologia , Intestino Grosso/patologia , Intestino Grosso/cirurgia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Intubação Gastrointestinal , Masculino , Neoplasias Experimentais , Plantas Tóxicas/análise , Ratos , RetoRESUMO
Fifteen rabbits were administered cycad extract by gastric intubation, 1 ml/rabbit, once a week for 27 or 33 weeks. The extract contained 16.6 mg of cycasin/ml. Out of 9 rabbits surviving over 200 days, 7 animals had malignant neoplasms developing in the liver. Histological and electron microscopic examinations of the developed tumors revealed that they were malignant hemangioendotheliomas. The animals showed no proliferation of hepatic cells or any tumor development in other organs.