(6R,9S)-6"-(4"-hydroxybenzoyl)-roseoside, a new megastigmane derivative from Ouratea polyantha and its effect on hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase.

A new megastigmane derivative, (6R,9S)-6'-(4"-hydroxybenzoyl)-roseoside (1) and two known compounds, the biflavoneagathisflavone (2) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3) were isolated and purified from leaves and stems of Ouratea polyantha Engl. Agathisflavone was isolated in a single high-speed countercurrent chromatography run, while the megastigmane was purified in two steps, by using a combination of high-speed countercurrent chromatography and analytical column chromatography. All structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence and comparison with literature data. Compound 1 was characterized by [alpha]D20, UV-Vis, IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC, COSY and NOESY. Compounds 1 and 2 showed an inhibitory effect of 63.6 and 13.7% on the G-6-Pase intact microsomes, respectively.

Inhibition of glucose intestinal absorption by kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside purified from Bauhinia megalandra leaves.

Glucose intestinal absorption (GIA) is one of the factors that increase glycemia. Its reduction could be an important factor in decreasing hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. It has been shown that the aqueous extract of Bauhinia megalandra leaves inhibits GIA. In the present study we identified a compound present in the extract of B. megalandra responsible for the biological effect. The methanol extract of B. megalandra leaves was fractionated using different solvents, and high-speed counter-current chromatography yielding two pure compounds identified by (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR as kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside and quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside. The first one increased the K(M) without changes in the V(MAX) of GIA. In addition it exerted an additive inhibitory effect, on GIA, when combined with phlorizin. We suggest that kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal SGLT1 cotransporter.

Purificación parcial de un compuesto presente en las hojas de bauhinia megalandra capaz de inhibir la absorción intestinal de glucosa / Partial purification of a compound present in the leaves of Bauhinia megalandra capable of inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption

En la actualidad muchas investigaciones se han volcado al estudio de la actividad biológica de varias plantas que se considera, en el saber de los pueblos, puedan aliviar los síntomas en pacientes con diabetes, tal es el caso de Bauhinia megalandra. El estudio fitoquímico de las hojas de dicha planta se realizó guiado por bioensayos, evaluando el efecto de cada fracción obtenida sobre la absorción intestinal de glucosa con la finalidad de encontrar aquella que presente el mayor efecto inhibitorio sobre dicha actividad biológica, utilizando para su medición segmentos de intestino de rata aislados in situ. Luego de una serie de extracciones secuenciales con diferentes solventes orgánicos y fraccionamiento por cromatografía de columna en silica gel 60, se logró aislar y caracterizar por métodos espectroscópicos una fracción altamente enriquecida con el flavonoide apigenina glucosilada en el carbono ocho. Dicha fracción fue capaz de inhibir la absorción intestinal de glucosa en un 47,34% con respecto al control, y de generar un efecto aditivo cuando se ensayo junto a la floricina

At present, it has been an increase in the research of the biological activity of plants used by the traditional medicine for the empirical treatment of the diabetes mellitus, such as Bauhinia megalandra. The phytochemical study of the leaves of these plants was done guided by bioassay, evaluating the effect of each fraction on the glucose intestinal absorption, using in situ rat intestinal segments. After a sequential series of extractions with organic solvents and fractionation by column chromatographic on silica gel 60, we isolated a fraction characterized by spectroscopic method to be highly enriched in the flavonoid apigenin glicolisated in the carbon eight. This fraction was able to inhibit in a 47,34% the intestinal glucose absorption compared to control, and showed an additive effect when used simultaneously with phloricin

Evaluation of flavonoids from Bauhinia megalandra leaves as inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase system.

From the methanol extract of Bauhinia megalandra fresh leaves, eight flavonoids were isolated and evaluated by rat liver microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) bioassay, which might be a useful methodology for screening antihyperglycaemic substances. All the flavonoids assayed showed an inhibitory effect on the intact microsomal G-6-Pase: quercetin and kaempferol exhibited the lowest effect; astilbin, quercetin 3-O-alpha-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-rhamnoside and quercetin 3-O-alpha-arabinoside an intermediate effect. The highest inhibitory activity was shown by quercetin 3-O-alpha-(2''-galloyl)rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-alpha-(2''galloyl)rhamnoside. None of the flavonoids mentioned above showed an inhibitory effect on the disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase. Quercetin 3-O-alpha-(2''-galloyl)rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-alpha-(2''-galloyl)rhamnoside exhibited the lowest IC50 of all the flavonoids assayed. Also, the phlorizin IC50 is reported.

Inhibition of hepatic neoglucogenesis and glucose-6-phosphatase by quercetin 3-O-alpha(2''-galloyl)rhamnoside isolated from Bauhinia megalandra leaves.

In intact microsomes, quercetin 3-O-alpha-(2''-galloyl)rhamnoside (QGR) inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) in a concentration-dependent manner. QGR increased the G-6-Pase K(m) for glucose-6-phosphate without change in the V(max). The flavonol did not change the kinetic parameters of disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase or intact or disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase pyrophosphatase (PPase) activity. This result allowed the conclusion that QGR competitively inhibits the glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) transporter (T1) without affecting the catalytic subunit or the phosphate/pyrophosphate transporter (T2) of the G-6-Pase system.QGR strongly inhibits the neoglucogenic capacity of rat liver slices incubated in a Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, supplemented with lactate and oleate saturated albumin. The QGR G-6-Pase inhibition might explain the decrease in the liver slice neoglucogenic capacity and, in turn, could reduce glucose levels in diabetic patients.