RESUMO
Quantitative determination of aromatic DNA adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of current smokers is an useful surrogate biomarker for the evaluation of environmental carcinogen exposure or chemopreventive intervention. In this study, we examined the impact of Tahitian Noni Juice (TNJ) on the aromatic DNA adducts of PBLs, before and after a 1-mo intervention, using (32)P postlabeling assay. Of 283 enrolled, 203 smokers completed the trial. Aromatic DNA adducts levels in all participants were significantly reduced by 44.9% (P < 0.001) after drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ for 1 mo. Dose-dependent analyses of aromatic DNA adduct levels showed reductions of 49.7% (P < 0.001) in the 1-oz TNJ group and 37.6% (P < 0.001) in the 4-oz TNJ group. Gender-specific analyses resulted in no significant differences in the 4-oz TNJ groups. Interestingly, the 1-oz TNJ group showed a reduction of 43.1% (P < 0.001) in females compared with 56.1% (P < 0.001) in males. The results suggest that drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ daily may reduce the cancer risk in heavy cigarette smokers by blocking carcinogen-DNA binding or excising DNA adducts from genomic DNA.
Assuntos
Anticarcinógenos/administração & dosagem , Bebidas , Adutos de DNA/análise , Frutas , Morinda , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Anticarcinógenos/efeitos adversos , Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Adutos de DNA/sangue , Feminino , Frutas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Linfócitos/química , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Morinda/efeitos adversos , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/sangue , Caracteres Sexuais , Fumar/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and antioxidant vitamin supplements (vitamins E and C) do not provide cardiovascular benefit for postmenopausal women with known coronary heart disease. Moreover, a potential for harm exists with each of the treatments. Therefore, neither should be prescribed specifically for cardiovascular benefit for postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease.
RESUMO
In 1995 and 1996, US adults made more than 18 million office visits for the evaluation and treatment of hyperlipidemia, including 3.4% of all visits to family physicians. Among visits to family physicians, 4.1% included measurement of cholesterol levels.(1) Overall, mean cholesterol levels decreased from 220 in 1960-1962 to 203 in 1988-1994. During the same time period, the proportion of adults with elevated total cholesterol levels (> 240) decreased from 32% to 19%.(2) Despite this progress, the availability of more effective drugs, guidelines advocating increasingly aggressive treatment, and population-wide goals established in Healthy People 2010 will continue to increase the number of patients seen by family physicians for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperlipidemia.