RESUMO
Infections by ESKAPE (Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens cause major concern due to their multi-drug resistance (MDR). The ESKAPE pathogens are frequently linked to greater mortality, diseases, and economic burden in healthcare worldwide. Therefore, the use of plants as a natural source of antimicrobial agents provide a solution as they are easily available and safe to use. These natural drugs can also be enhanced by incorporating silver nanoparticles and combining them with existing antibiotics. By focussing the attention on the ESKAPE organisms, the MDR issue can be addressed much better.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Bactérias Gram-Positivas , Extratos Vegetais , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , Humanos , Plantas/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Prata/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/genética , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/genética , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologiaRESUMO
The interest of consumers in using products containing phytochemicals derived from plants is growing day by day due to the shift of consumers' preferences from convenience to environmental sustainability. One plant utilized in many products is Centella asiatica, a herb commonly used in folk medicine, health supplements, and beauty products. Extraction of bioactive compounds from C. asiatica was performed using conventional methods and modern methods (e.g., microwave or ultrasound-assisted and subcritical water extraction). This review summarizes the variety of methods used to extract active compounds from C. asiatica, their influence on the bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo, and the safety and toxicology of C. asiatica extract.