RESUMO
Micronesia began to be peopled earlier than other parts of Remote Oceania, but the origins of its inhabitants remain unclear. We generated genome-wide data from 164 ancient and 112 modern individuals. Analysis reveals five migratory streams into Micronesia. Three are East Asian related, one is Polynesian, and a fifth is a Papuan source related to mainland New Guineans that is different from the New Britain-related Papuan source for southwest Pacific populations but is similarly derived from male migrants ~2500 to 2000 years ago. People of the Mariana Archipelago may derive all of their precolonial ancestry from East Asian sources, making them the only Remote Oceanians without Papuan ancestry. Female-inherited mitochondrial DNA was highly differentiated across early Remote Oceanian communities but homogeneous within, implying matrilocal practices whereby women almost never raised their children in communities different from the ones in which they grew up.
Assuntos
DNA Antigo , DNA Mitocondrial , Migração Humana , Povo Asiático/genética , Criança , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Feminino , História Antiga , Migração Humana/história , Humanos , Masculino , Micronésia , OceaniaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To report a case of unilateral keratoconus in a 7- year-old female, secondary to chronic persistent eye-rubbing in the absence of any systemic condition. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: In the case of this child, no organic cause was found to explain the onset of keratoconus other than persistent eye-rubbing in the affected eye. RESULTS: Nocturnal eye padding was instigated and the condition stabilized. She was reviewed over a 2-year period of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Eye-rubbing has been implicated in the pathogenesis of keratoconus. Eye-rubbing is also often a feature of a number of conditions linked to keratoconus such as Down syndrome, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, mental retardation, and Lebers' congenital amaurosis. There are a number of reports linking eye-rubbing and keratoconus in children, typically in relation to these conditions. However, in this case the keratoconus was secondary to chronic and persistent eye-rubbing in a healthy child.