RESUMO
Chlorogenic (5-CQA), 1,5-, 3,5-, 4,5- and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic (DCQA) acids were identified and quantified in the methanol extracts of Inula oculus-christi L., I. bifrons L., I. aschersoniana Janka var. aschersoniana, I. ensifolia L., I. conyza (Griess.) DC. and I. germanica L. by HPLC analysis. The amount of 5-CQA varied from 5.48 to 28.44â mg/g DE and the highest content was detected in I. ensifolia. 1,5-DCQA (4.05-55.25â mg/g DE) was the most abundant dicaffeoyl ester of quinic acid followed by 3,5-DCQA, 4,5-DCQA and 3,4-DCQA. The extract of I. ensifolia showed the highest total phenolic content (119.92±0.95â mg GAE/g DE) and exhibited the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity (69.41±0.55 %). I. bifrons extract was found to be the most active sample against ABTS.+ (TEAC 0.257±0.012â mg/mL) and the best tyrosinase inhibitor. The studied extracts demonstrated a low inhibitory effect towards acetylcholinesterase and possessed low cytotoxicity in concentration range from 10 to 300â µg/mL toward non-cancer (MDCK II) and cancer (A 549) cells.
Assuntos
Acetilcolinesterase/química , Antioxidantes/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inula/química , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácido Quínico/análogos & derivados , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Animais , Bulgária , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cães , Inibidores Enzimáticos/isolamento & purificação , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Flores/química , Flores/metabolismo , Humanos , Inula/metabolismo , Células Madin Darby de Rim Canino , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Ácido Quínico/química , Ácido Quínico/isolamento & purificação , Ácido Quínico/farmacologiaRESUMO
The flower heads of Inula britannica L. of Bulgarian origin afforded sesquiterpene lactones (gaillardin, britannin, I1, 13-dihydroinuchinenolide B, ivalin, pulchellin C), triterpenoids (3-0-palmitates of 160-hydroxylupeol, 16ß-hydroxy-ß-amyrin, and faradiol) and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, luteolin-7-0- glucoside). All compounds are known and they were identified by spectral methods. The observed differences in the chemical content of the chloroform and methanol extracts were also reflected in their free radical scavenging activity, evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. Intraspecific variability of L britannica is discussed.